Community-Based Projects and Equality

This assignment requires a critical evaluation of community-based marine protected area projects, analyzing their socioeconomic impacts through the lens of equality. It draws upon various research papers exploring diverse aspects of community engagement, natural resource management, mental health, sustainable behavior promotion, and positive psychology interventions within community settings. Students are expected to synthesize information from these sources to provide a comprehensive understanding of how community-based projects can contribute to both social and environmental well-being while ensuring equitable distribution of benefits.

Essay

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
ESSAY ............................................................................................................................................1
Funding and fundraising 900......................................................................................................1
Leadership and management 900................................................................................................4
Volunteering 900.........................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Community service defined as work done by a group for providing benefits to others.
Community based project are the ones which works for welfare and well being of public in
particular area. This kind project cover wide areas of ownership. Welfare projects like working
for rural area people, working for orphan children, locally run non profit organisations etc.
Charity project are also part of community based projects. These projects are undertook with
collaboration of various community organisations. Every community based project differs form
each other in terms of funding, planning, assessment, leadership and management. Many people,
take part in these projects because they enjoy helping and supporting people. Present essay
describes about key concepts of volunteering, funding and leadership and management in
community based services. Further more, significance of these factors in delivering these
projects has been illustrated. Importance of volunteers and their role and responsibilities are
also explained in the essay. Moreover, significance of leadership, management and funding has
been discussed.
ESSAY
Funding and fundraising 900
Funding is very vital part in any community based project. Fundraising is the procedure
of gathering money and contributions from various resources in order to get funds. Donations for
these projects are requested from individuals, big enterprises, governmental authorities and
organisation working for charity (Cacari-Stone,Garcia and Minkler, 2014.). Fundraising
generally defined as putting efforts to collect money so that effective welfare can be provided.
Funding plays very important role in community based projects because money is the most
important part for helping people. Fundraising operations includes wide areas of concern like
religious groups and research firms and political campaigns (Conger and Kanungo, 2015). In
process of gathering funds for the non- profit organisation individuals are asked for providing
donation for welfare of public. Various agencies and organisations are asked to give support in
donation for community based projects.
Sources for fundraising in community based projects
Funding for public welfare can come from various resources using many techniques.
These involves grants form governmental organisations ,non profit agencies, contribution form
individuals and local communities. Donations for these projects are requested from individuals,
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big enterprises, governmental authorities and organisation working for charity (Funding for
Community based groups. 2017.). All of these resources have significant role in raising money
for the community based services (Gurney, and et.al., 2015). Various resources are as follows:
Funds from public agencies and organisations
Grants are given by governmental authorities for these community based projects. These
authorities are the major source of funding for any public welfare group. These grants form
public agencies benefits a lot to community groups in helping people and giving welfare to them.
Accordion to (Lawson, Bryant, and Wilson, 2014 ) charity given by these authorities are
estimated to 15 billion in United Kingdom in the year 2010. Funds for these corporations are
used by community groups to provide basic services like education, food, lights to rural people.
Corporate funding also involves their employees to give donations in community based projects.
They also promote volunteering from employees so that effective welfare can be provided.
Individual donors
These donor includes individual person like students, families, private organisations and
various foundation working in community based bodies. Individuals comes to donate funds form
their own wish and helps these community based groups in raising funds. When individual
provides funds form their own then it is called in kind donation (Leach, Mearns and Scoones,
2013.). Community based project cab increase their funds by making use of internet and this
procedure is called online fundraising. Raising funds online is very effective method to get
donations from individual. Funds can be raised by advertising welfare programs on internet and
members can view these ethical ads. Groups working for public wellbeing can keep their
members informed about their charity programs to get donations. They also promote
volunteering from individuals so that effective social welfare can be rendered.
Sales and services
In the process of fundraising money can be gathered from sale and services in particular
region. Money comes from selling of some products is called product fundraising. Various small
businesses can give some part of their revenue and profits for the welfare of public. Community
groups ask business organisation to share some part of their revenue so that effective well being
cab be provided to the needy ones. Fundraising sometimes also involves giving rights to donor
and recognition certificates.
Significance of funding and fundraising
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Fundraising is very important to run any community based project. Proper funding help
these community groups in providing effective services for public welfare (Magalhaes and
Sandercock, 2014. ). Fundraising from various resources supports in development of particular
area. Importance of funding in ethical and effective community groups is as follows :
 Most of the community based groups such non profit organisation totally relies on
accountable donors. These donors are very significant for any community projects.
 Funding determines the future of the non profit organisation and it also identifies the
quality of welfare give to the public.
 Funding assists community based projects in developing their organisation and giving
appropriate facilities to rural people (Mckenzie‐Mohr, 2014).
 Fund-raising and funding helps these groups in making productive decisions. According
to funds they allocate resources to people for their well being and livelihood.
 It also helps in preventing illegal use of resource by public.
 Funding supports in accomplishing the objectives and goals of the community groups
( Groups. 2017.). Decision making becomes easy due to proper fundraising.
 Reputation of community groups increases due to proper credibility in for providing
public welfare.
 Position and the image of community based projects increases with the help of funding.
 Appropriate fundraising from resources supports in successful execution of the
community projects (Okazaki, 2015). Well organise fundraising supports in strengthening fundraising and financial support.
Funding challenges for community based projects
There are various challenges faced by community groups in getting funds for providing
public welfare. Challenges are faced because these groups totally relies on others to get money.
Some of the challenges are as follows:
Inappropriate period of community projects
Time period set for these kind of projects are indefinite. Sometimes set goals and
objectives are unable to achieve in particular amount of time. Fund commitment for the project
is very less that cause delays in successful execution (Otto and et.al., 2013). Community base
groups requires long term funding in order to accomplish their defined goals. These groups
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require long and stabled funding so that ethical and social issue of public can be solve
effectively.
Lack of advice and suggestions
Community groups lacks in funds due to ls amount of advice and suggestions form
people. Due to this internal funding decision gets affected and NGOs lacks in fundraising (Ryan
and et.al., 2014). Lack of co-operation and coordination with local public and organisations also
affects financial condition of community based projects.
Impact of negative competition
Competition with similar groups limits the resources of getting funds. Many objectives of
the community based project reaming unachieved due to peer competition. New groups in
particular locality do not have number of contacts with people which affects the funding and
fundraising.
Constraints of expenditure
Overheads expenditure of the community based project cause barriers in getting funds
form various resources (Stogdill, 2014.). Community groups due to this finds it difficult in
acquiring funding.
Leadership and management 900
Leadership and management plays vital role in effective community based projects.
Leadership is significant function in managing and executing public welfare groups. It helps in
increasing efficiency of the group and its members (Wallace, 2014). Leadership also supports in
accomplishing goals of welfare organisations.
Significance of leadership in community based projects
Action initiates
Leadership in community based groups supports in making plans and actions requires for
improving well beings of needy people in locality. Leader in the project communicates with
teams and make policies and plans for initiating the welfare program. Effective leadership
supports these groups projects in accomplishing goals.
Motivation
Leader in the community based projects provides motivation to the groups members to
work efficiently for welfare of public (Zhou, Chan and Lam, 2016). Leadership give
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encouragement to the members of welfare groups. Motivation form leaders encourages workers
to provide effective work.
Leadership provides guidance
Leader of community projects provides proper guidance to to the staff workers. Leader
instruct co workers in how to to do work. Guidance from leaders supports in taking effective
work from the project members.
Creates confidence
Leadership creates confidence in group members to work effectively for the welfare of
public. It is an important factor that helps the members of the community based projects.
Leaders explains role of workers clearly and assign them duties in particular locality where the
social welfare is to be provided. Leadership also give guidance to subordinates of the community
based project to perform their duties effectively (Conger and Kanungo, 2015). Leaders are
responsible for solving the problems and issues of workers.
Morale building
It is termed as building trust in the worker of community groups. In this leadership
supports in building team spirit in the staff member of the non profit organisation. Leadership
supports in boosting morale by providing full cooperation to workers. in a increasing the chances
of accomplishing goals of the community group successfully.
Work environment making
Leadership assists in making proper work environment in the community based projects.
Leaders in this sector should make positive environment for workers so that effective welfare cab
be provided to the needy people (Leach, Mearns and Scoones, 2013). Positivity in working
environment helps in increasing the growth of the project. Proper human relations need to be
maintained by the leader in order to accomplish the defined goals and objectives of the project.
Coordination
Coordination is accomplished by adapting personal interest with targets of the
community groups. This coordination is achieved by making effective synchronization with
workers. It is very important factor in community based project to get success in providing well
being to people.
Significance of management in community based projects
Supports in accomplishing goals of community groups
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Management of these projects supports in assembling resources required for the public
welfare (Gurney and et.al., 2015). The management is responsible for integrating resources in
such a way that goals of community project cab be accomplished. It gives direction to groups for
pouting efforts in so that defined targets can be achieved. It also give instructions to group
members about proving services to people without any time wastage. Management also helps in
converting disorganised resources like volunteers, funds and capital into useful ones .
Perfect use of resources
Management of the community based project uses all physical and human resources
optimally. This results in effective management of the project (Mckenzie‐Mohr, 2014). It support
in providing maximum use of each resource so that good welfare can be given to people. It also
help in choosing best suitable option from variety of available alternatives. It take maximum
work from the available resources to generate large amount of social welfare and services to
community people.
Cost reduction
Management makes proper plans for each phase of project which supports in reducing
costs of the project execution. It manages funds and capital properly so that issue of fund can not
limit the services of people. Minimum input is turned in maximum output by management.
Financial resources for community based project is used in such a ways that it results in
successful execution of project.
Maintains equilibrium
Management has significant role in maintaining balance in rapidly changing environment
in project. Management supports team by giving them updates about changes in public welfare
procedures (Okazaki, 2015). It gives updates to team members of community project about
changing needs in society.
Provides essentials for society welfare
Management gives better advices to workers regarding prosperity of society. This in turn
supports in increasing welfare of people. It also supports in reducing the wastage of resources
and funds (Otto and et.al., 2013). They focuses on improving living standard of people.
Management also helps in converting disorganised resources like volunteers, funds and capital
into useful ones.
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Volunteering 900
Volunteers are defined as people who works actively for the community based projects
without taking any payment form the firm. They work for the NGOs form their own wish and
there are no restrictions put on these kind of people. Volunteer do not take payments for there
work and works for the NGOs for public well beings (Wallace,2014). People who works for
community based project without expecting money are called volunteers. Volunteers plays
significant role in execution of community based projects. They works hardly and dedicatedly
for the welfare of public. NGO gets large support from these people in managing their work.
Volunteering often support sin increasing quality of life. Any on can be volunteer form students
to family people.
Role and responsibilities of volunteers in community based projects is as follows:
Consistency and coordination
Volunteer should make proper coordination with al the people involved in the welfare
groups. They should understand the working procedure of the community group and work
consistently for the development of the organisation (Ryan, and et.al., 2014). Proper coordination
form the volunteers supports in providing timely services to people. Inconsistency can disturb the
activities of welfare group.
Motivation
Volunteers should provide motivation to co workers in the group in order to provide
effective services to people . They should motivate the people getting services to increase their
awareness about NGO services (Stogdill, 2014).
Clarity in roles and responsibilities
Volunteers should be clear about their duties so that conflicts in the community groups.
Every volunteer should be clear about role and responsibilities of them and should work
dedicatedly towards it. They should work honestly towards their role and responsibilities. So the
goals of the organisation can be accomplished in effective ways.
Capacity building
Proper training should be provided to volunteers about the work. Workshops and
seminars should be conducted by the community based groups so that volunteers get trained
about the work to be done by them.
Proper searches and surveys
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Volunteer while working for a community based project should properly research about
the needy people and people who requires welfare in the area. They should conduct surveys
about welfare programs running in the locality by other groups (Okazaki, 2015) . Volunteers
supports in making enhancements in community groups by giving innovative ideas.
Significance of volunteering in community based projects
Better strategies
Volunteers gives best advise in community groups so that effective welfare can be
provided to people. They comes with innovative ideas for providing better services to the
community people. They helps in making strategies to improve the work quality in community
based projects. They provide ideas in project that can help in improving the outcomes of the non
profit organisation.
Provided better networking
Volunteers support sin increasing the network of the community groups. They go form
one place to another to find out the people who requires welfare and support in their livelihood.
(Gurney, and et.al., 2015). Help of volunteers supports in covering lager area by assigning duties
to them. Being volunteers they work efficiently and effectively for the community groups.
Volunteers helps in enhancing connection between government and non profitable organisations.
They build strong network among community and supports in increasing the welfare services.
Promoting services
Volunteers promotes services of community group so that more people can take
advantage of these services (Zhou, Chan and Lam, 2016). They make various campaigns to
publicize the services of the community project. Volunteers delivers services for public and
courage more people to join network. They supports in increasing awareness about community
based project in people.
Satisfaction in work
Work done by volunteers gives satisfaction in community based projects. Volunteers fell
motivated by helping others in their needs. Helping others gives self satisfaction to an
individual.
Networking
People involved in volunteer works supports in increasing the network of the community
group. They make good relationships with people and encourage people to take participation in
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community based projects. Volunteers helps in enhancing connection between government and
non profitable organisations. They build strong network among community and supports in
increasing the welfare services (Magalhaes and Sandercock, 2014.).
Supports in fundraising
Volunteers gives large support in raising funds for public welfare groups . They helps in
collecting funds for the organisation by contacting to many people. They use their networks in
collecting fund and capital for the community group they work for.
Development of community groups
Active engagement of volunteers supports hugely in the development of community.
They helps in bringing funds for the organisation to improving the financial condition of the
NGOs (Stogdill, 2014). They establish contacts with people so that more funds can be collected.
Volunteers provide new ideas to community group for helping people. Since volunteers do not
require payment for their work,major amount of money gets saved.
CONCLUSION
From the above essay, it has been concluded that there are three themes has been taken
such as funding and franchising, leadership management and volunteering. In this way, funding
place very important role in success of project in order to carry in NGOs. This is because, it
gathers relevant information regarding operations and functions which assists to develop results
in effective manner. Furthermore, it articulated about leadership and management theme which is
significant for community based project. This is because, leaders motivates to people to provide
proper guidance to staff members that instruct through guidance which could be provides in a
group. Moreover, management support in it to develop public welfare so that resources can be
integrated towards goals and objectives. Hence, it assists to enhance effective results and
programs in successful manner with useful resources. In addition to this, volunteers also
important aspect which assists to define actively participation for community based project. They
are working for public welfare in successful manner to dedicate results as supportive aspect. It
creates significance to make better strategies, providing better networking and promoting
services which assists to develop effective results at workplace. Hence, it creates network that
support and welfare livelihood of people.
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REFERENCES
Books and journals
Cacari-Stone, L., Garcia, A. P. and Minkler, M., 2014. The promise of community-based
participatory research for health equity: a conceptual model for bridging evidence with
policy. American journal of public health. 104(9). pp.1615-1623.
Conger, J. A. and Kanungo, R. N., 2015. Toward a behavioral theory of charismatic leadership
in organizational settings. Academy of management review. 12(4). pp.637-647.
Gurney, G. G., and et.al., 2015. Integrated conservation and development: evaluating a
community-based marine protected area project for equality of socioeconomic impacts. Phil.
Trans. R. Soc. B. 370(1681). p.20140277.
Lawson, J., Bryant, W. and Wilson, L., 2014. ‘It’s like having a day of freedom, a day off from
being ill’: Exploring the experiences of people living with mental health problems who
attend a community-based arts project, using interpretative phenomenological analysis.
Journal of health psychology. 19(6). pp.765-777.
Leach, M., Mearns, R. and Scoones, I., 2013. Environmental entitlements: dynamics and
institutions in community-based natural resource management. World development. 27(2).
pp.225-247.
Magalhães, R. and Sandercock, P., 2014. Functional status three months after the first ischemic
stroke is associated with long-term outcome: data from a community-based cohort.
Cerebrovascular Diseases. 38(1). pp.46-54.
Mckenzie‐Mohr, D., 2014 New ways to promote proenvironmental behavior: Promoting
sustainable behavior: An introduction to community‐based social marketing. Journal of
social issues. 56(3). pp.543-554.
Okazaki, E., 2015. A community-based tourism model: Its conception and use. Journal of
sustainable tourism. 16(5). pp.511-529.
Otto, J., and et.al., 2013. Natural connections: perspectives in community-based conservation.
Island Press.
Ryan, A. M., and et.al., 2014. The intended and unintended consequences of quality
improvement interventions for small practices in a community-based electronic health
record implementation project. Medical care. 52(9). pp.826-832.
Stogdill, R. M., 2014. Handbook of leadership: A survey of theory and research. Free Press.
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Wallace, T., 2014. New development agendas: Changes in UK NGO policies & procedures.
Review of African Political Economy. 24(71). pp.35-55.
Zhou, Q., Chan, S. S. C. and Lam, T. H., 2016. The effectiveness of positive psychology
interventions in enhancing positive behaviors and family relationships in Hong Kong: a
community-based participatory research project. The Journal of Positive Psychology. 11(1).
pp.70-84.
Online
Funding for Community based groups. 2017. Accessed through<https://www.gov.uk/apply-
funding-community-project>[Accessed on 15th July 2017]
Groups. 2017. Accessed through<https://www.gov.uk/government/groups>[Accessed on 15th
July 2017]
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