Leadership and Management in Non-Profit Organizations: A Case Study of Volunteers Hiring and Implications

This research delves into the leadership and management practices of non-profit organizations, with a focus on the hiring of volunteers. The case study of Mother's Choice is used to explore the implications of leadership and management within the organization. The study aims to identify the best management and leadership strategies to enhance volunteers' productivity and involvement in the orphanage and other survival life. The research methodology includes qualitative research, interviews, and data collection from primary and secondary sources. The study also considers ethical considerations and limitations.

Leadership and Management in non-profit
organization
(A case study of the hiring of volunteers,
implications of leadership and management
within the non-profit organization)

Table of Contents
Problem definition, objectives and hypothesis...............................................................................3
Aim..............................................................................................................................................4
Research Objectives.....................................................................................................................4
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................4
Methodology...................................................................................................................................6
Research Method.........................................................................................................................6
Research philosophies.................................................................................................................7
Data collection method................................................................................................................7
Applicability of the research methods on this study....................................................................8
Ethical considerations......................................................................................................................9
Limitations.......................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................10

Problem definition, objectives and hypothesis
Every organisation, whether it is profit or not, needs leadership and management to ensure
that all actions are oriented toward the organisational objectives. Similarly, management
facilitates the formation and implementation of all essential strategic planning for an
organization's success. Non-profit or charity organisations with competent leadership would be
able to handle their activities without putting themselves in situations that were counter to their
philosophy, and the charity's clearly defined goals is more readily achieved. For this research,
Mother's Choice non profit organisation is selected by the researcher (Armstrong, 2016).
Orphaned children, single mothers, and pregnant teenagers are served by Mother's Choice, a
local charity group. The main goal of the researcher is to do research into the leadership and
management practises that have been introduced with the employment of volunteers to serve in
Mothers Choice's orphanage (What We Do, 2021). Researcher will be to first grasp their
philosophy of management and leadership before determining their execution strategies (Adams,
2018). Researcher will also consider the implications of leadership and management inside this
charitable organisation, as well as some of the challenges that may occur as well as the
techniques they employ to address them. Researcher will assess the element of management and
leadership in the context of volunteers working in a non-profit organisation through this research
(Afridi, 2021). In this study , researcher also endeavour to interview at least one organisation
leader and one management officer to learn about their tactics and approaches, with a major
concentration and implications of the best management and leadership strategy in order to
achieve the research's goal and objective (Bryce, 2017). Various techniques will be suggested to
the charitable organisation as a result of this research so that they can provide a better service.
This study will serve as a model for other charitable organisations to follow in providing similar
services and achieving the research aim and objectives (Al Khajeh, 2018).

Aim
“To study the impact of leadership and management styles and methods on volunteers efficiency
and productivity level of Non profit organisation”. A case study Mothers Choice,
Research Objectives
 To understand the concept of the leadership and management for the development of the
Non profit organisation
 To determine the benefits of leadership and management methods on the enhancement of
the Volunteers productivity and involvement in the orphanage and others survivals life.
 To indentify the significance of non profit organisation in the evolvement of the society
and communities and improve the living of the children without families and pregnant
teenagers.
Literature Review
According to Rudolph, Rauvola, and Zacher (2018), is the act of managing and helping
individuals or a group of individuals to coordinate their activities and efforts in a shared
direction. However, when it comes to management, things are a little different. According to the
definition, management is the administration of a business or non-profit organization. Because
management is the inculcation of planning, guiding, and leading a group of people or an
organization, the organization will achieve its goals. An organization's functions would be
adequately performed if its management performed effective (Easterby-Smith and et.al., 2021).
According to the Ciulla, (2020), revealed that effective management and organization
would indeed be able to achieve its goals if it provided adequate training and direction to its

employees. An effective leadership style and influence of leaders over their followers would help
an organization to integrate its employees' efforts in the direction of its goals. This would result
in the achievement of the organization's goals, as well as success and expansion. Any
organization can achieve success with effective leadership since it creates motivation and
initiation among employees, allowing them to make the best decisions and achieving the
organization’s objectives (Bush, Bell and Middlewood, 2019).
According to the RESILIENCE, (2021), described in such a way that it also clarifies that
management is the key to every company development. This is because management is a
collection of activities that might help a company succeed and achieve its objectives. The future
course of action and activities of the organization could be determined with efficient design and
management. Similarly, if effective leading is enabled, the organization will be guided down the
best appropriate path to fulfill its objectives. Similarly, excellent control would allow actual
performance to be analyzed and the most suitable and remedial action to be taken, increasing the
efficiency of an organization. According to the Gigliotti and Shankman, (2021), explained that in
a charity or non-profit organization, leadership is crucial. It supports them in achieving their
objectives. As a charitable organization, we must engage in a variety of non-profit activities that
are carried out with the help of effective leadership. This is because good leadership will not
only enable the organization's concerned activities to be completed, but it will also aid in the
achievement of its goals in terms of providing the greatest possible service to its clients.
Leadership increase the effectiveness of the organization's work so that effective results can be
provided. According to the Bryce, (2017), revealed that the impact of effective management on
the work of charities and non-profit organizations would improve (Ciulla, 2020). Except that if
the planned actions are carried out in the intended manner, the organization will work more
efficiently. Similarly to successful management, a non-profit organization would apply
synchronization in its activities and functions, which would aid it in achieving its objectives.
Similarly, the structure of a non-profit organization is open and changing and evolving of
interactions with other entities and the presence of altruistic objectives (Easterby-Smith, and
et.al., 2021). Not only will the organization's performance increase as a result of the adoption of
an acceptable management style, but it will also help the business build cooperation in its
operations and operations.

According to Zhao and Li, (2019), defined that as a non-profit organization, there is a
mission that cannot be assessed in the monetary terms that might be lead the challenging
scenario for the organization in terms of people working. Similarly, including outside parties in
the operations of the organization might lead to conflicts (Etikan and Bala, 2017). Thus, the ways
that influence and inspiring employees, these issues might be readily overcome with the help of
leadership. This would help people achieve their own goals as well as the strategic planning
process (Gigliotti and Shankman, 2021).
Methodology
Research mentioned is work as a most appropriate technique which can helpful to provide the
pathway to complete the research in a systematic manner. Researches me know is a roadmap in
which researcher can specifically maintain all the required information to perform their task in
order to complete the research process in an appropriate way (Haile, Emmanuel and Dzathor,
2016).There are various types factors are involved in the research methodology which can
helpful to investigate and analyze the research topic that is leadership and management in the
nonprofit organization. The explanation about all research factors which are involved in this
study are given below -
Research Method
Research methods are helpful to improve the quality and effectiveness so that study so
that researcher can effectively achieve the aim and objective of the business. Research method is
two types such as qualitative research & quantitative research method (Hallinger, P., 2020). The
explanation about both research in context of this research study like management and leadership
of non-profit organization are as follows-
 Qualitative research - Qualitative method is considered as the most effective method
which can helpful to improve the deep understanding of the researcher about the research
topic and areas. There are various methods are in considered which can helpful to
determine the qualitative data. The main motive of this research is to use inductive

approach in which researcher can get the innovation facts and knowledge about the
research topic (Hunt and Fitzgerald, 2018).
 Quantitative research - Qualitative research is utilized to generalize the numeric
information from the targeted audience which mainly used by the researcher in order to
get the quantified response from the targeted population. In order to conduct a complete
examination of leadership and management in the setting of a non-profit organization, a
qualitative method will be used. It is divided into two types: inductive and deductive. In
light of the present studies, inductive will be the best option. The analysis of observation
and theory formulation would be better for qualitative information (Ivey, 2017).
Research philosophies
There are two sorts of research philosophies are utilize by the researcher like
interpretivism and positivism research philosophy The interpretivism philosophy would be used
in this study so that the facts could be thoroughly examined. The research would be able to make
a complete evaluation of the research notion using this philosophy (Murray, 2017).
Data collection method
There are two types of data collection methods are utilizing by the researcher such as primary
data collection method and secondary data collection method. The explanation of both data
collection methods are given below -
 Primary data collection - This is containing as the most appropriate and relevant
sources of data collection in which researcher collect original & first handed information
from the selected population. There are various sources to gather primary information
like interview, observation, survey, and questionnaire (Posadzinska, Slupskaand
Karaszewski, 2020).

 Secondary data collection - secondary data collection method is helpful to improve the
deep understanding about the research topic and also helpful to utilize those information
and data which are already exist and utilized by another person. There are some
appropriate sources are available to gather the secondary information like websites,
articles, books, journal's and others.
It necessitates the collecting of data from primary and secondary sources. To ensure that the
research is authentic, both sources will be combined in the research topic. The primary will be
focused on the original study knowledge delving into problems and coping with the interviewers'
enthusiasm, as well as their own. Secondary research will be conducted using books, articles, &
sources, as well as Hong Kong charity law (RESILIENCE, 2021).
Interviews will be conducted as a questionnaire at first, with a restricted number of
respondents. Closed-ended and open-ended questions will be asked; structured questionnaires
will collect some fundamental facts, information, and references. Open-ended questions from
interviewees will be welcomed, as will quantify information at the analysis process. The
approach for filling the questionnaire in closed and open-ended questions will provide a solid
foundation for receiving data for analysis while avoiding any flaws in utilising only one way
(Rudolph, Rauvola andZacher, 2018).
Applicability of the research methods on this study
Researcher conduct interviews sessions in order to generate specific information and
details and arrange in-depth interviews with one leader & one management officer, but the most
of my time will be spent with two volunteers, for a set of four. Researcher determined that
manager or the team in the company, drawing the volunteer work at a special needs school and
experience interviewing single mothers for the Hong Kong Single Parents Association. In this
scenario, research method qualitative research methodology will be more appropriate, and the
approach will be more flexible, as well as allowing some fascinating information to be collected
throughout the data collection process (Turner, P., 2019
On the basis of this study, this research should provide some information, some
knowledge & useful references to comparable non-profits, which will be useful to certain other

organizations in which volunteers are a part of the group. In this scenario, a convenience sample
will be more appropriate; nonetheless, because this is a purposive sampling, a heterogeneous
sample will be considered. In light of the limited resources available, researcher will enable the
organization to use the status within the team to obtain interesting and important information
(Zhao and Li, 2019).
Ethical considerations
This is a vital part of the research since a researcher must follow ethical norms & ideals
when conducting research. The ethical considerations in the proposed study would be met by the
respondents filling out ethics forms. Similarly, previous authorization from respondents would
be obtained in order to maintain the approval.
Limitations
Mother's Choice is a non-profit organization that primarily serves orphaned children, single
mothers, and unmarried, pregnant teenagers under the legal age to engage in sexual conduct; this
research will be conducted with a small group of four people who work in almost the same
organization but in a particular office. The main constraints include the organization's
unwillingness to reveal personally identifiable information for fear of it being leaked to the
public, data protection, particularly with orphans & their family histories & legal issues, as
several of these youngsters are clearly court-owned. They cannot be determined to leak classified
data in order for the company to maintain its existence (Žukauskas, Vveinhardt and
Andriukaitienė, 2018). Assurance that this data should only be used for a dissertation & will not
be shared with any third parties other than the researcher as well as the university; proposed
investigations, the ethical consideration would be complied with the filling outside of ethical
forms by the respondents; proposed study the ethical consideration would be complied with the
having to fill out of ethical forms by the respondents; proposed study the informed consent
would be complied with the filling out of morally acceptable forms by the respondents; proposed
study the ethical consideration would be complied with the fill Similarly, previous permission
from respondents would be obtained in order to in their consent.

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Online references
What We Do., 2021. [Online]. Available through <https://www.motherschoice.org/en/