Relationship between Leadership and Management in an Organization

This report discusses the relationship between leadership and management in an organization, covering different types of leaders and managers, their roles and characteristics, and examples of situations in Costa Cafe context where leader and manager apply varied methods or styles of leadership. It also covers the importance and value of OM in achieving objectives of the company, and the impact of various factors within the business environment on OM policies and wider community.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN LEADERSHIP
AND MANAGEMENT IN AN
ORGANIZATION

TABLE OF CONTENTS
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
ACTIVITY 1....................................................................................................................................3
Defining different types of leader & manager including their characteristics and roles.............3
Examples of situations in Costa Cafe context where leader and manager apply varied methods
or styles of leadership..................................................................................................................5
Referring to some concepts of leadership, including systems, situational and contingency
leadership....................................................................................................................................6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................9

INTRODUCTION
Leadership and management as the key elements of businesses provide unexpected
benefits to an organization, whether is it large or small. Leadership is considered as process of
leading group of individuals, while management is defined as procedure of managing varied
activities as well as practices of a company. The current assignment will be based on Branch of
Costa cafe, which falls under the category of leading British coffee house chains in the UK. The
study will explain types of manager and leader covering their characteristics & roles.
Furthermore, it will also define relevant examples of circumstances in chosen organizational
context where leader and manager apply several styles of leadership. Lastly, the report will
justify certain concepts of leadership including contingency, system and situational.
ACTIVITY 1
Defining different types of leader & manager including their characteristics and roles
Definition-
A person who is accountable to solve employees issues and make them productive by
providing strategic directions and guidances is known as a leader (Chudasama, 2021).
While, individual that attempt to manage business performance and increase its
productivity even better than its rivals is named as a manager (Tohatan, 2020).
Types of leader and manager-
Leader Manager
Managerial leader- The role of this person
within company is to manage staff
performance by providing suggestions and
directions (Liao and Zhang, 2020).
Top level- top extent manager is recognized as
the owner of company, who accountable to
take decision and form a strategy.
Motivational leader- the duty of this
individual is to enhance the motivation level of
employees by fulfilling their needs and
understanding their issues to make assure that
they may solve each.
Middle manager- the role of this manager is
to turn wide strategic plan into operational map
with particular aims and objectives, which they
attempt to accomplish (Tsuda and Sato, 2020).
Transformational leader- according to this First line manager- their role is to improve

form of leader, individual person may attempt
to transform ineffective team into effective one
by providing training and development
chances.
products quality and enhance operational
efficiency by developing list of essential
resources.
Differences between leader & manager-
Basis Leader Manager
Roles  The most important role of
leader in branch of Costa Cafe
is to provide strategic
directions and suggestions to
all employees related to their
work and daily task, for which
manager is not accountable as
they only focus on developing
tactics.
 Their another role is to
enhance the motivation level
of candidates, by applying
effective tactics and using
varied techniques, such as
performance appraisal,
incentives plan, etc.
 The most useful and beneficial
role that a leader play is team
formation (Park and et.al.,
2020). Their directions and
guidance may always
contribute to develop skilled
and knowledgable groups of
 It can be said that manager
roles is quite different as
compare to leader, because
they perform to develop
effective strategies after
analysing needs and
requirements related to
employees, resources, etc. in
workplace.
 On the other hand, they
accountable to enhance
operational effectiveness in
term of taking approach to
implement new system or
technology.
 Their duty is to create plan
to enhance staff performance
in form of creating strategies
that a leader may implement
such as training.

individuals.
Characteristics  Effective communication is
the most effective and useful
characteristic of leader that
they may utilize to interact and
build strong connection to
existing & new candidates at
workplace.
 Another feature of leader is
their influencing power,
which they may utilize to
influence employees and retain
them for longer time with
company.
 On the other side, effective
coordination is the main
characteristic of manager,
through which they may
coordinate with other
stakeholders to make good
plan.
 While, controlling and
managing business
operations is considered as
manager characteristic, for
which they develop
beneficial plans.
 Classical management theory: It is style of management that emphasizes specialized
roles and leadership to be optimized efficiency within workplace for strengthening
working engagement.
 Behavioural leadership theory: It focuses on analysing leader’s behaviour, assumption
based on traits and coping up with leaders working scenarios based on effective working
parameters (Schermuly and et.al, 2022).
Comparison of leadership traits and styles: The leadership traits and styles further aim to
primitively enhance working goals competitively and generate accurate extended improvement.
It can be also analysed that leadership traits such as leadership theories which are
transformational theory, contingency and systematic theories enable to determine timely
engagement within workforce and enhance developed working scenarios rapidly.
 Role of leader and manager at Costa: Leader role is to provide training within
workforce, and improvise new extended decisions based on operative goals in longer
time frame. Manager at Costa holds responsibility, to further extend decisions based on

company long term working goals for delivering huge potentialities within competitive
industry (Jamali and et.al, 20220. Application of Full Range Leadership model to Costa: The Full range leadership is
complete approach to leadership styles, where leadership efficiency is focused on which
also includes laisse faire, transactional and transformational leadership. Costa Café
branch, by adopting full range of leadership will enable business leaders to take up active
priorities and generate working specific competencies. It enables compny for improved
vision in longer time results.
Examples of situations in branch of Costa Cafe context where leader and manager apply varied
methods or styles of leadership
Situation 1- Employee turnover-
In the context of this circumstance, leader may play their vital role by applying
situational leadership approach. For example, they may attempt to determine or analyse factor
that put negative impact on staff performance that might be lack of support and direction related
to work from management side. According to chosen leadership style, they may effort to identify
the main reason behind situation that may create this scene and put direct impact on staff
members' performance (Wuryani and et.al., 2021). As it may consider as one of those initiatives
that a leader may take to solve complication and create positive working environment where
individual candidate prefer to work for long time and refer other to become part of company.
Employee turnover is the worst situation in regard to that manager may also contribute to
handle it, in term of using contingency management theory. According to this concept, they
may approach to analyse internal working environment and then take action to make it more
pleasant for everyone (González-Roz and et.al., 2021). By doing so, they may support
management to retain skilled people and acquire new, for which existing workforce may promote
the place where they are recently working.
Situation 2- Conflict management-
Another situation where leader and manager play their role and fulfil responsibility of
being a responsible individual, is conflict management, which may lead to decrease the
productivity and performance level of candidates. For example, leader by considering the
suggestion of system leadership style may take decision to implement effective system or

practice, which enable them to obtain desire results in term of increasing workers' performance
in cafe and enhancing their motivational level (Bigland and et.al., 2020). Furthermore, in the
context of same situation, manager may take initiative to solve conflict by adopting style of
contingency management approach, which drive their attention towards taking action after
analysing situation. It may suggest manager to apply varied approaches in same situation,
because in that manner they may obtain expected outcomes, without being a failure person (Oh,
Moon and Zhong, 2020). As implication of many methods, allow them to determine
effectiveness of specific one that provide them final result in term of solving issue and spreading
positivity around workplace, which is not that easy for them to do so as it needed a lot of hard
work and strategic techniques' implementation in effective and systematic way.
Referring to some concepts of leadership, including systems, situational and contingency
leadership
Basis Situational leadership System leadership Contingency
Strengths The key strength of this
concept is their
flexibility as it is
relationship based type
of leadership, which
drive the attention of
leader towards
developing good bond
with staff members by
providing them full
support in term of
direction (Francisco and
Nuqui, 2020). With this
style, they may obtain
benefits in form of
managing workers
performance and
Instead of avoiding issues,
this approach may
contribute to provide
strategic direction of
leader to deal with
problems by taking
effective actions in term
of being a creative person.
It may provide benefit to
user in form of driving
their attention towards
making potential change
that increase productivity
of employees instead of
decreasing that which
may put negative impact
on sales of brand.
The primary benefit or
strength of this
approach is that it may
provide actual view of
business and
management. It may
also eliminate overall
validity of principles
and make manager
capable to solve
situations by taking
right action according
to issue whether it is
emerging or existing.
This method is quite
easy to consider and
implement into

increasing the same,
which is quite beneficial
for organizational
success and progress.
Example: To implement
new decisions in
business grounds,
systematic leadership has
to be implemented for
company to retain
optimum functional
growth.
Example: System
leadership enables to
develop timely
implementation in
organisation, and creates
motivation.
practical manner that
may contribute to
reach desire benefits.
Example: With
changing new
decisions in demand,
company leaders need
to implement
contingency leadership
for strengthening
productive vision.
Weaknesses While the worst thing
about this method of
leadership is lack of
strategic suggestions in
the context of further
organizational situations,
when leader may take
action to solve these. It
can be said that
situational leadership
style may do not provide
enough information
about this circumstance
which is not suitable for
long term success of
business.
Drawback of this concept
suggests all variable may
have come equality in the
level of impact and
control over venture
environment situations. It
may lead to decrease
employee level in term of
suggestion provide to
leader to implement new
programme that
employees are unable to
understand and use in
better way, due to that
they may feel demotivate
and low in efficiency.
On the other hand, it
may put negative
impact on success of
business due to
weaknesses and that is
time consuming
suggestion.

CONCLUSION
On the basis of above discussion, it has been concluded that leader and manager has
obtained the benefits of increasing productivity and profitability by providing rights direction to
employees and solving their issues at workplace. The development of their strategic plans and
tactics by using effective leadership style has contributed to builds wide as well as diverse
workforce in the organization. Furthermore, from above analysis, it has been determined that
implementation of situational, systematic and contingency approaches of leadership has
enhanced organizational productivity and enabled firm to become a competitive brand in the
Food & Beverage sector.
TASK 2

This report will study about various approaches of OM & role of leaders and managers.
Moreover, it will discuss on importance and value of OM in achieving objectives of the
company. The report will also study about the various factors within the business environment
that impact the OM policies and wider community. Study will also critically evaluate the
application of OM and factors that impact on environment of companies

Lean Production : Lean production is a management approach that concerned on slashing out
waste although ensuring quality. This approach can be adapted to all forms of a business- from
production, through design to distribution. Its focus is to cut costs by creating business more
productive & accessible to market needs.
For example: Costa cafe company consider just in time approach they order milk, coffee, sugar
or any other food item according to the daily requirement. So the quality is maintained & cost of
storage is also minimised.

Role of manager :
• To check the activities after completing on time along with expected results.
• To regulate the resource according to their capability & skills.
Role of Leaders :
• The leader role is to communicate the goals & objectives of the organization to the
employees & also show the way to achieve them.
• A leader plays the role of friend, philosopher & guide for employees.

OM is the management of processes that converts inputs into finished goods & services that help
in achieving business objectives through customer satisfaction. This is very important for every
organization.
Revenue Increase
• This helps the business in expanding into different areas and capture another area of the
market.
Waste Reduction
• Costa Cafe company used Lean production approach that evaluates 7 wastes that are
generally developed in manufacturing operations which focus to remove overproduction,
defective items and loss of time.
Quality Management
• Every company need to concerned about the quality of products that they manufactured
or produced for the consumers.
• Quality management is very crucial aspect to have efficient operation's management.

• If Costa Cafe company doing continuous improvement in quality of products according
to the taste & preference of consumers then they achieve their objectives successfully.

• Proper planning is being done for the cost and funds so that the execution of the activities
can give correct results.

There are various number of factors that affect the operational management & decision-making
of the company in achieving the goals & objectives. According to the variation, positive and
negative decisions are taken by the managers & leaders. These factors are described below
Concern of the Stakeholders:
These stakeholders interest in the timely disclosure of financial information, effect of senior
management retirement & ethical conduct.
For example: Costa cafe company stakeholders main concern is for profit, growth & valuation
with concerning business ethics.
CSR:
These changes affect the policies of the co. according to which they work & also affect the
future planning.
In this situation, leader has the role to estimate the future variations & manager has the role of
arranging the resources.
Business Ethics :
This refers to simultaneous organizational principles, standards, sets of values & norms that lead
the actions and behaviour of the persons working in a firm.

Leader and manager help the co. & employees to adopt that norms by describing companies
rules & regulations and give proper training to employees according to that ethics.
For example: Costa cafe company follow all business ethics in their organization such as quality
management, employees equality etc.
COVID-19 :
The COVID-19 pandemic has crack the most of the transportation links & distribution tools
between suppliers, production facilities & customers.
It badly affects the business organizations because of enforced a total lock-down and the focus is
on fulfil the demand of essential products & services.
Leaders and managers need to optimize the whole system of working of business organization
and evaluate the essential products which business produce.

The influence of shareholders has increased how firms direct as community citizenship & social
responsibilities are more and more compound into business management. The COVID-19
pandemic has disturbed all business activities worldwide. This pandemic effect on economy is
mainly based on a region's economic position. In developing countries it badly effect on
competition because of reducing collaboration between two different countries. The positive
impact of pandemic is it increased the use of online platforms. Due to development of e-
commerce retailers like Amazon have seen great increase in their online sales while many small
businesses have been declining. The society is also badly affected by COVID-19 crisis it
decreases the overall wealth of the economy.

• By considering this external business environment factor, quoted company can generate a
best outcome because it do not affect the external environment i.e. performance.

If the firms makes the best operations decisions it will be capable to produce affordable,
functional and attractive products that customers will purchase & Costa cafe co. earn profits.
The applications act as a disadvantage in achieving the aims & objectives. The application
helps in taking decisions in the Costa cafe organization. It also leads to the wastage of the
sources & delay in the work because of the false decisions and making false analyses of the
Costa cafe business environment

It also analyses the affect of that factors on co. environment & wider community. Lastly report
has critically analysed application of OM & their impact on corporate environment.

REFERENCES
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