International Logistics Assignment: Impact of BREXIT
Added on 2020-05-28
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THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THEUNITED KINGDOMByASSET TILEUOV ID:16443083Supervised byGEOFF ELLIOTTCourseMSc International Logistics30th January 2018
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOMAcknowledgementThe completion of this study would have been not possible if not dependent on the steadfastsupport and encouragement of my family. They hence paid equal contribution to the study forwhich I always feel profound gratitude in my heart.I would like to express here the very thanks to my dissertation advisor, Prof. GEOFF ELLIOTT,who provided me the opportunity to do such a research, ushered me in to the discipline of............................, and instructed me whenever required.I also owe my special thanks to ............................ for sharing his experimental experiencesat the beginning of the research.
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOMAbstractThis paper has been constructed in order to have an idea about the unforeseen impact of Brexiton the future of logistics in United Kingdom. The country leaving Brexit can have effects onvarious segments and therefore this paper has been constructed in order to have an idea about theprocesses that have been used in order to attain the effective results and the variables associatedwith the process that have been explained by previous researchers. The process of data collectionand the kind of data that would be used in order to gain the suitable results is even explained inthis paper. Hence, the assessment of the thesis paper would be useful for the determination of theactual results and would be able to determine the unforeseen effects of Brexit in the logistics inthe United Kingdom.
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOMTable of ContentsAcknowledgement...........................................................................................................................2Abstract............................................................................................................................................3Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................71.1 Introduction............................................................................................................................71.2Background of the Research:..................................................................................................71.3 Brexit as a wicked problem...................................................................................................81.3Aims and Objectives of the Research:....................................................................................91.4 Research questions:.............................................................................................................101.5 Rationale of the Study.........................................................................................................101.6 Thesis structure....................................................................................................................11Figure 1: Dissertation Structure.................................................................................................12Chapter 2: Literature Review.........................................................................................................132.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................132.2 The European Union............................................................................................................132.3 Theories explaining EU integration.....................................................................................152.3.1 Intergovernmentalism theory........................................................................................152.3.2 Neoliberalism................................................................................................................162.4 Benefits of belonging to EU................................................................................................172.5 Guidelines for withdrawing from EU..................................................................................182.6 EU-UK Relations.................................................................................................................192.7 Britain’s EU policy..............................................................................................................202.8 Issues with EU Membership................................................................................................212.8.1 EU Budget....................................................................................................................21
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM2.8.2 Common Agricultural Policy........................................................................................222.8.3 Common Fishing Policy...............................................................................................222.9 The ‘Brexit’ Process............................................................................................................232.10 UK logistics.......................................................................................................................252.11 Conclusion.........................................................................................................................28Chapter 3: Research Methodology................................................................................................293.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................293.2 Research Design..................................................................................................................293.3 Research Philosophy............................................................................................................313.4 Research Approach..............................................................................................................323.5 Data Collection Procedure...................................................................................................343.6 Data sources.........................................................................................................................343.7 Data Analysis Techniques...................................................................................................353.8 Ethical considerations..........................................................................................................373.9 Limitations of the research..................................................................................................373.10 Timeline for the research...................................................................................................37Chapter 4: Data analysis and findings...........................................................................................404.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................404.2 Implications of Brexit for the UK........................................................................................404.3 Potential Brexit effect on Supply Chain..............................................................................424.3.3 U.K. Labour Market.....................................................................................................444.3.4 Supply Chain Delay......................................................................................................444.3.5 Taxes.............................................................................................................................454.4 The impact on Imports and Exports.....................................................................................454.5 The continuing Driver Shortage..........................................................................................47
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOM4.6 Overall Impact.....................................................................................................................494.6.1 Impact of Brexit on Aviation........................................................................................494.6.2 Impact of Brexit on Shipping Companies....................................................................504.6.3 Impact of Brexit on Rail and Bus.................................................................................50Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations..............................................................................535.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................535.2 Linking with objectives.......................................................................................................535.3 Recommendations................................................................................................................555.4 Future Scope........................................................................................................................57References......................................................................................................................................58
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOMChapter 1: Introduction1.1 IntroductionThe decision of Britain to exit from European Union (EU) is commonly referred to asBrexit. Subsequent to the decision of Britain to exit from European Union, numerous studies,Professional research institutes as well as individuals have stated that the movement will have adirect impact on the trading and logistic sectors. The actual impact cannot be estimated rightnow, as it will take some time for the consequences to happen in a large scale. It is thoughexpected that Brexit will results in lower trade opportunities between Britain and EU. Theresearch will specifically focus on the influence of the Brexit on the logistic industries in adetailed manner.Having looked at the benefits that member states derive from being in EU, the drivingforces of Brexit, the laid down structure for this process and projected impacts, there remains avoid that is yet to be filled. So far, the literature is working on predictions of what would be if theUK voted to leave the union and there were no certainties. This work will look at the effects ofBrexit on UKLogistics. Because all the sectors of Britain’s economy are interconnected, achange in one will affect the other sectors.The trade, FDI, financial markets and immigrationsectors will all impact on Logistics. Though a two year window period has been given fornegotiations and Britain is still considered a member of the EU, its clear intention to leave hascreated ripples and this paper will tackle that.1.2Background of the Research:For the first time in the history of the European Union (EU), the exit of a member countryfrom the association has made a serious impact on the EU as well as on the global market too.The trade and logistic channels in UK is expected to be largely affected by the movement.Britain, like most of the countries that comes under EU, has economy that is primarily service-based in nature. Due to this, they largely depends on natural resources that is imported fromother countries. Moreover if Britain fails to remain part of the single market following the exit,tariffs will be imposed on the import of goods from other EU associated countries. The directconsequences will be that goods will become more expensive. Several other issues that is
THE UNFORESEEN IMPACT OF BREXIT ON THE FUTURE OF LOGISTICS IN THE UNITED KINGDOMdirectly linked with the movement is new rules regarding foreign exchange policies , trade tax,labour market policies, supply chain management that might prove to be barrier for the logisticsbusiness.Brexit has been talked about for years now and speculations about the future wererampant. This study is conducted at a time when Brexit is no longer a possibility but a reality anda year down the line, substantial effects have been felt. The information that will be synthesizedfrom this work will guide businesses on the strategies they will employ based on the marketconditions and will also direct the UK government on the regulations and models to be adoptedto cushion the UK citizens from the likely negative effect.1.3 Brexit as a wicked problemChang (2017) among other scholars have highlighted the main reasons that promptedUK’s decision to opt out of the EU. Among them is the immigration issue which the Britons sawas a threat to their employment and a concern to the national security. Economic reasonsincluded high membership fees to the Union and differing opinions on the integration where UKexpected economic streamlining while the rest of EU was highly bent on a closer relationship atsocial, political and economic spheres and subsequently heavy regulation. The loss ofsovereignty has also been raised severally especially with many decisions supposed to be lyingwith the parliament being transferred to the EU leaving Britain without control (Chang 2017, p.4; di Diyana and Innes 2017, p. 29). The older generation have also wished to reclaim theirEnglish nationalism rather than categorize themselves as Europeans like the EU has made themdo (Corbett 2016, pp 6-10). Because of the divided views on immigration di Diyana and Innes (2017) describes it asa wicked problem. There are those who prefer the borders to be totally closed yet there are thosewho view this opinion as completely racist. Such an issue with no clear solution is termed as awicked problem. There are also varying opinions on the impacts of immigration as presented bydifferent institutions such as the government, private researches, media agencies and thepublic(di Diyana and Innes 2017, p. 29-31). Similarly, when all these issues that triggered Brexitare put together, then the withdrawal from the EU also presents as a wicked problem as it isnetworked into several other issues and this will result in a chain of aftermaths if any solution is
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