introduction to leadership and management PDF

MANAGEMENT AND
LEADERSHIP

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Summary of ASDA..........................................................................................................................1
LO3. Leadership and management practices in organization......................................................1
LO4. Development of policies and strategies in changing environment.....................................3
LO5. Design and development of company................................................................................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................6

INTRODUCTION
Leadership is setting the new direction or the vision for the team and make them motivate
towards the goal of the organization. Management controls or direct the people in the group as
per the principles and the values that have been established. Asda is the British supermarket
chain deals in the retail industry and also offers the number of services that includes financial
services and having the number of mobile phone providers fir the use of existing network. This
report contains the different style of leadership, vision and the management practices that is
being used in the organization.
Summary of ASDA
Asda store have been founded as Associated diaries and farm stores limited in the year
1949 in Leeds. Asda name is being adopted in 1965 with the merger of three supermarkets. Asda
has taken the advantages of abolition of retail price maintenance in order to offer the large scale,
low cost supermarket that is being takeover by GEM retail. In 1980 that Asda store Ltd is the
subsidiary of Asda-MFI plc follows the merger between the two companies. Other company is
having the furniture retailer MFI and Allied carpets. In 1970 to 1990 is the massive period for the
growth to Asda, they open the new out let in Plymouth, Hampshire and South Wales. As the
company is dealing in the retail sector having the aim to provide the various types goods along
with the services to its customers from the various channels of distribution. Asda also uses the
various kinds of the advance technology that is being used in order to promote its goods and
services in target market and provides its services in online websites, retail stores and to
wholesalers and retailers as well. As the Asda Walmart super centres are creating the largest
market in the UK. This super stores are having the largest super market even most of the stores
are having the petrol filling station and having the facility of dining and refreshment for their
customers. Asda is the one of the largest retailer in the UK and also established in many
countries.
LO3. Leadership and management practices in organization
Vision : Asda is having the aim to provide the good and services to its customers at cheap and
affordable rates. One of their key objectives is to reduce the packaging and make all the efforts to
achieve their goal. As it intends to increase the cost of the fresh products to sell loose from its
boxes and decrease the range of their own label pre packed products must be sold in its stores as
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across the country is the key objectives. Their vision is to provide the quality of product at the
minimum price. They buy the products from the supplier who is highly competitive (Appelbaum
and et.al., 2015).
Styles of leadership
Autocratic Style of leadership : This type of leadership is having the control in the hands of
superior and leaders. In this the leaders give their command to the team and they have to follow
the instruction. Employees are not having any power to give any suggestions. Every organization
is following different types of leadership. Asda is very big organization they also follow the
different autocratic style of leadership in its practices so that the leader can assign the roles and
responsibility to employees. Also, they inspire the employees to solve the issues and for this they
provide the incentives (Quintana, Park and Cabrera, 2015 ).
Democratic style of leadership : This is also adopted by the Asda in this the employees are
having the right to give the suggestion in front of managers and the most accurate decisions is
being applied. It helps the company to find the hidden talent of its employees (Neves and Story,
2015). This style motivates the employees and make them more effective and creative towards
the organization. Asda follow this style to involve the members of team in its decision-making
through taking the suggestions of employees that helps the company to improve the skills of
employee it is effective in the companies.
Theories of management practices :
Bureaucratic Management Theory : This theory promotes the reasons that guides the decision
of management rather than any nepotism. This theory emphasize to the formal authority of
system.
Human Relation Theory : In the 20th century, the management system is now become more
human centred. As this theory emphasize on the importance to align the needs of the employees
from need of the company than they adopt the policies that aims to give the mutual benefit as it
considers the organization as society. This helps the Asda to retain the employees, and they stay
committed (Mendez and Busenbark, 2015).
Theory of organization culture
As the culture of the organization values the expectations, experience and the philosophy as it
guides the behaviour of member and express the self-image, inner workings and the interaction
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from the outside world. Culture is something that is based on the values, customs, beliefs,
attitude and those unwritten rules that developed from the time (Gambetti and Biraghi, 2015).
Hierarchy culture : In this culture the power and information flows from the hierarchy and these
are the aspects of power culture, role culture or hierarchy culture in the power culture leader
make the rapid decision and controls the strategy. Role culture define the role of individual,
functional structure is being created, make the reports for the superior. Hierarchy culture is
similar like role culture, and they are highly structured focus on efficiency, stability and make
the things right.
Clan Culture : It define the commitment of employees towards the collective objective as they
are the part of task and clan culture. In task culture the teams are being made with the experts to
sort out the particular problem (Brooks and Jean-Marie, 2015). Clan culture is like family, it
mainly focuses on mentoring, nurturing and do tasks together.
Adhocracy culture : In this the freedom is allowed in decision-making, presenting new ideas,
and personal experience at the extent. This culture values the change and having the action
oriented view that increases the likelihood of survival and this culture is helpful for the Asda
because it is dynamic and entrepreneurial that focus on risk taking, innovation, provides updates
goods and services (Appelbaum and et.al., 2015 ).
LO4. Development of policies and strategies in changing environment
Culture and the style of management influence the functions of business and its strategies
in many ways as the Asda adopts the culture that impact the working and efficiency of the
employees and it also manages the employees in the best possible way by considering their
values and personalities. Organization culture of the Asda is to be in such a way that it manages
to work even in the changing environment of the business, nowadays it is very essential for the
companies to adopt the change that may be of technology, cross channel trade etc. in this the
company has to follow those culture that can sustain to retain the employees and make them
effective (Reichenpfader, Carlfjord and Nilsen, 2015 ). Culture influences the business in direct
way as it impact the performance of employees. In the lifetime of the company they have to
follow many cultures and that impact the business in the both the way that is positive and
negative for example if the company is having the culture of “talk when necessary” than the
employee will work according to the culture even if the sales team have to be outspoken and
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required to be socially active than the company will harm to itself by following this culture and
make the rivalries and thus it will affect the working of Asda.
As the leadership style influences the productivity of employees as it impact the morale
of employees. Autocratic style set define goals without taking the input from employees. That
make the employees to have low morale and absenteeism it leads to have the lower productivity
and increased waste. This ultimately leads to low satisfaction among the customers. Effective
style of management communicate clearly and frequently and ensure that employees were
understanding the strategic direction and can take the action as it impact the ability to interpret
ate the understanding of employees for example charismatic style of leadership communicates
the vision, mission and values of the company and inspire the employees to work hard. So even
in the difficult economic time, proper communication from the leaders make the employees
focus towards the work. Management style creates the positive impact on the performance,
productivity and profits as the coercive style of management emphasis on the immediate
compliance from the employees, this style of management brings the fear as it avoids the
argument. This style thrives the business even in the crisis. Culture and the style of management
is in such a way that it influence the functions of management in such a way that it will not affect
the operation of the company in the changing business environment (Quintana, Park and
Cabrera, 2015 ).
LO5. Design and development of company
Recommendations to improve the style of leadership, management practices and the
various strategies that is being taken by the company to make the process of the company better
and more effective as the leadership style brings the positive and negative impact to the company
but it all depends upon the way that leaders will take initiative among the team (Reichenpfader,
Carlfjord and Nilsen, 2015 ). They are those persons who boost the morale of the employees. As
in Asda the Laissez-Faire style of leadership is considered as the most effective style of
leadership specially at the time of conflicts in the organization because in these managers try to
avoid the conflicts and maintain the harmony in the business if the leaders has followed their
style in the proper way. In the coaching style of leadership it is being recommended as one of the
best leadership style in the retail sector as in this the coaches and mentors involves in the
coaching as well as supervising the team members and boost their motivation, enhance the skills
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of its performance, make them groom and this will increase the productivity of employees that
ultimately leads to gain the profits to company. Different types of management practices is also
being suggested and recommended to the company so that it can make the company stronger in
the market by providing the best goods and services (Willcocks and Wibberley, 2015). now the
Asda is more human centred follows human relation theories in its management practices as they
know that their employees are the real assets of the company and understand that everyone is
having its own capacity, so they act as autonomously and it also brings out the potential of each
employee. Management always understand the needs of the employees and try to fulfil them thus
they become more efficient and effective towards the organization. It is being recommended that
the leaders should understand the prospective of the employees and make the policies by keeping
those perceptions in mind so that they always think that they were the part of organization at the
same it is also important to monitor the issues they are facing in the floor and what are the
actions they can take. These things help the Asda to become the leader in the industry and also
make the employees motivated towards the work.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is being concluded that this report discuss the detail summary of
Asda and its vision. This report elaborate the different leadership style in the Asda that is being
adopted by the company are autocratic and democratic style of leadership. This report contains
the different types of management practices that are clan culture, Adhocracy culture and
hierarchical culture. This report also elaborates the analysis of the management style and its
culture that influence the business functions (Reichenpfader, Carlfjord and Nilsen, 2015 ). In the
end of report it also gives the recommendations to improve the leadership and management
practices of the company.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Appelbaum, S.H., Degbe, M.C., MacDonald, O. and Nguyen-Quang, T.S., 2015. Organizational
outcomes of leadership style and resistance to change (Part One). Industrial and
Commercial Training.47(2). pp.73-80.
Brooks, M.C. and Jean-Marie, G., 2015. The challenges to and the need for international
research in educational leadership. International Journal of Educational Management.
29(7). pp.874-887.
Gambetti, R.C. and Biraghi, S., 2015. The CCO: appointed or organic leader? The rise of
conversational leadership. Corporate Communications: An International Journal. 20(4).
pp.415-430.
Mendez, M.J. and Busenbark, J.R., 2015. Shared leadership and gender: all members are equal…
but some more than others. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 36(1).
pp.17-34.
Neves, P. and Story, J., 2015. Ethical leadership and reputation: Combined indirect effects on
organizational deviance. Journal of Business Ethics. 127(1). pp.165-176.
Quintana, T.A., Park, S. and Cabrera, Y.A., 2015. Assessing the effects of leadership styles on
employees’ outcomes in international luxury hotels. Journal of Business ethics. 129(2).
pp.469-489.
Reichenpfader, U., Carlfjord, S. and Nilsen, P., 2015. Leadership in evidence-based practice: a
systematic review. Leadership in Health Services.28(4). pp.298-316.
Willcocks, S.G. and Wibberley, G., 2015. Exploring a shared leadership perspective for NHS
doctors. Leadership in Health Services. 28(4). pp.345-355.
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