Comparison of Roles and Characteristics of a Leader and a Manager

This report discusses the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager, and provides examples of how their roles apply in different situational contexts. It also explores various theories and models of approach, including situational leadership, system approach, and contingency approach. The report further explains different approaches to operation management and the value and importance of operation management in business.

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION................................................................................................................................3
Project 1 ...............................................................................................................................................3
TASK 1.................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager........3
Roles ....................................................................................................................................................3
Characteristics......................................................................................................................................4
TASK 2.................................................................................................................................................4
P2 Discuss examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in different
situational contexts......................................................................................................................4
P3 Use different theories & models of approach including situational leadership, system &
contingency ................................................................................................................................5
TASK 3 ................................................................................................................................................6
P4 Explain approached to operation management and role of leaders & managers...................6
P5 Briefly analyse value & importance of operation management ............................................8
CONCLUSION....................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES...................................................................................................................................10
Books & Journal:......................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations are important part of enterprise which are required to be
focused so that functions are carried out effectively. Operation management is defined as process
through which highest efficiency level is achieved within enterprise. Sainsbury, a largest
supermarket headquartered in U.K. Firms deals in many products as well as services & is located at
global level. This report comprises of Project 1 in which it includes comparison of roles &
characteristics of leader & manager and examples of how role of leader & function of manager
apply in situational contexts.
Project 1
TASK 1
P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager.
Leader are those who have their own ability and capabilities to change the dimension by
involving in work and make it success while a manager have a mono dimensional work they just
command to other to achieve the goals. So basic difference between leader and manager is leader
take a lead in every task while manager just handle the task by virtual role of purpose (Sando,
2018).
Roles
 As a leader, the responsibilities are to develop future plan to succeed the objectives while as
a manager the plans are prepared and manager just conveyed to other and make a true
statement to accomplished the goals same the process followed by Sainsbury.
 Further one is that leader develop a path for their members & make assures that it is
followed by members appropriately. While manager just follow the goal path by motivating
team player to reach the goals as in possible way (Lockwood, 2016).
 As a leader the role is think strategically to keep the long drive of picture in the mind and
plot what actual path and direction is approaches by team to reach the desired goals. While a
manager just think a short or long term plan in context with companies longevity.
 In relevance of selected firm, leader must have a wide angle of view about the teams and
companies and create a possible dimension of path which have perfect vision to follow the
adequate goals that the leader decisioned. While a manger have a single role about the task
performance which just lad in case when the task laps or skipped.

Characteristics
MANAGER LEADER
 Attention to details- The manager
have must a portfolio to be attentive in
every details which is must followed
by the employee, ,manager make a
good analysis skills towards this.
(Butera, 2017).
 Motivated by rewards and
punishment- the manager have power
to give rewards on the basis of
excellent work and with due to lack of
seriousness towards the works
incompletion make a punishment.
 Low on interpersonal skills- The
manager are low to interact with new
people because of low in retained to
get input and believe in output.
 Innovator- The leader is always a
innovator by skills and new approaches
which is make him a good.
 Motivator- Leader by work and other
activity influence other to do hard and
smart work which is secondary works as
motivator.
 Role model- By efficient in work and
base of skills with knowledge, they
create himself as a role model by their
intelligence and delegation towards the
works (Fettermann, 2018).
TASK 2
P2 Discuss examples of how the role of a leader and the function of a manager apply in different
situational contexts.
In enterprise, both leaders as well as managers play important role in development of growth
of business. In relation with Sainsbury, management make assures that role & functions both are
applied in appropriate manner. So, different situations are discussed in which these both are applied-
Conflict situations- In business, conflicts situations are bound to be arise and these are
those in which events such as occur of frequent errors, incompatible goals, miss-match of social
values & structures etc. In context of selected firm, they also face such conflicts situations & to
deal with these situations they apply role of leader & manager function (Clayton-Hathway, 2019).
Leader's role-
The leader of role is dynamic and it is crucial to be aware about these so that decision-

making is done appropriately. Through properly carrying out role it is easy to achieve objectives
within a period of time.
Manager's function
In organisation, managers also important as they are responsible for managing & achieving
objectives within a period of time. It is also seen that there are various types of manager function
which are discussed below-
 Planning- It is first most important function in which manager implement plan with purpose
of achieving objectives effectively. In context of selected entity, they use this function of
manager when new project or product is to be produced.
 Organising- It is another crucial function in which everything is being well organised by
managers so that it is easier to find or search for something within a management. It is
essential as it assist in managing every set of documents properly (Garvey, 2017).
 Directing- In this function of manager, they guides and directs employees regarding their
work & issues faced by them at workplace. In relevance of chosen entity, they ensures that
proper guidance is given to employees so that better results are achieved.
 Controlling- In this, manager measure or control the performance of company as well as
employees so that improvement are being identified in effective manner. Through this
function, it is easy use manage everything properly (Oreg, 2019).
P3 Use different theories & models of approach including situational leadership, system &
contingency
In business, leaders uses different types of approaches in order to achieve goals as well as
objectives in proper manner. So, in there are various types of approaches which are described as
follows-
Situational leadership
It is type of leadership method in which leaders uses their style depending on situations &
skill set of employees. In relation of selected firm, leaders of company find this approach is
suitable. Through using of this method, it is easy to implement strategies in most effective manner.
Strength
 Main strength of this method is that it help leaders in using style by examining of situations
efficiently.
Weakness

 It cannot be used within every situations because leaders style is not relevant to every
situation.
Contingency approach
It is another method which is being used in which it states that leaders style is adopted after
analysis of situations & it is not fixed.
Strength
 Main strength of this method is that leaders have option of choosing different ways to
achieve goals & manage employees.
Weakness
 Main weakness of this method is that it information is needed and market evaluation is to
be consider to use this method.
System approach
It is another method in which organisation is being viewed as as a system as whole rather
than single individual. In context of chosen entity, they comprises of different departments &
accordingly work is carried out.
Strength
 Adopting of this method helps in benefit of developing mutual relationship between
employees and other people.
Weakness
 Weakness of this method is that due to internal or external factors, conflicts can be arise
when going though system approach.
TASK 3
P4 Explain approached to operation management and role of leaders & managers
Operation management refers to set of various business practices that are used to increase
efficiency level of firm. In relation of chosen firm, there are different approaches to operations
management that are given as follows-
Approaches Discussion
Lean Production It is method in which better service is delivered
without compromising of quality and by doing

waste reduction.
Strength
 Main strength is that it enhances
effectiveness of brand and products.
Weakness
 To use this method without
compromising quality, more resources
are required.
JIT It is also known as Just In Time approach in
which it ensures that work is being completed
within period of time.
Strength
 Benefit of using this method is that
higher efficiency level of firm and
employees increases when services are
delivered on time.
Weakness
 To adopt this method, proper time
planning & tools re to be used which is
risky in nature.
TQM
It is a method in which total satisfaction of
being delivered to customers at higher scale. In
relevance of chosen firm, they can use this
method which have positive impact on goodwill.
Strength
 Main strength is that better relations are
developed between customers &
organisation when TQM is applied.
Weakness
 High level of skilled employees are
needed to produce quality of services.

P5 Briefly analyse value & importance of operation management
Operation management is an important concept which is needed to be adopted with proper
consideration as it help in accessing to growth as well as development. In this competitive market,
importance of operation management has also increased at higher level. In context of selected
entity, they too uses this concept for following reasons which are discussed below-
Increases sales ratio-
It is major reason for using of operation management in business because when services &
products are manufactured by highly tools & resources, sales as well as profit ratio increases at
higher level.
Good impact on brand image
It is another reason in which through accessing to operation management helps firm in
increasing brand image in market at larger scale. This is because when manufacturing process are
carried out appropriately, it become easy to fulfil needs of customers.
Resources are used efficiently
With help of operation management, it is easy for entity to use resources in most effective
manner. This assists in development and growth properly.

CONCLUSION
After a brief analysis of above report it has been concluded that it is essential to have
appropriate knowledge about management operations so that decisions making within a firm is done
properly. This report gives a brief information about management operations within enterprise.
Thus, it has been evaluated that it is important to be aware about enterprise detailed concepts.

REFERENCES
Books & Journal:
Sando, 2018. Evaluation of Project Processes in Relation to Transportation System Management
and Operations (TSM&O).
Lockwood, 2016. Transportation systems management & operations workforce development:
Recruitment, retention, and career development.Institute of Transportation Engineers. ITE
Journal,86(8), p.15.
Fettermann, 2018. How does Industry 4.0 contribute to operations management?.Journal of
Industrial and Production Engineering,35(4), pp.255-268.
Butera, 2017. Leaders and Managers: How to be the Best of Both in Your Team.EDPACS,56(2),
pp.1-5.
Clayton-Hathway, 2019. Women as leaders and managers in sports: understanding key career
enablers and constraints in the British horseracing industry. In Women, Business and
Leadership. Edward Elgar Publishing.
Garvey, 2017.Performance Management in Early Years Settings: A Practical Guide for Leaders and
Managers. Jessica Kingsley Publishers.
Oreg, 2019. Leaders’ impact on organizational change: Bridging theoretical and methodological
chasms.Academy of Management Annals,13(1), pp.272-307.

Balyer, 2019. Educational leaders and teacher leaders’ roles in humanizing education.Elementary
Education Online,18(3).
Popp, 2019. Multifunctionality of pond fish farms in the opinion of the farm managers: the case of
Hungary.Reviews in Aquaculture,11(3), pp.830-847.
Sumintono, 2019. The role of districts in supporting school leaders’ instructional leadership: a view
and experience from a developing country.Journal of Educational Administration.