Management and operations

MANAGEMENT AND
OPERATION

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO3 Recognise the role of leaders and managers in operations function of an organisation .........3
Key approaches to operations management and role that played by managers and leaders.......3
Analyse the impact of leaders & managers in improve the efficiencies of operation
management................................................................................................................................4
Value and importance of operations management to achieve business objectives and goals.....5
LO4 Relationship between leadership and management in a business environment .....................6
Briefly explain and evaluate applications of operation management which affect business
environment.................................................................................................................................6
Factors within business environment that impact upon operational management and decision
making by managers and leaders................................................................................................7
Examine how these different factors affect business environment.............................................8
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is defined as controlling the business activities in such a way to
evolve large level of effectiveness and efficiency in a potential manner within an organisation. It
is already anxious with change over material and labours within within the final products and
services. Furthermore, it also provides business to achieve the profitability and effective growth
within an organisation(Nassiri and et. al., 2016). Their main focus on offering good quality of
goods and services in the marketplace. In context to Nestle, the Nescafe is a brand which is made
by Nestle. It was introduced by their head of coffee brand in Switzerland in the year 1938 on 1
April.
LO3 Recognise the role of leaders and managers in operations function of an
organisation
Key approaches to operations management and role that played by managers and leaders
Operation management consists of an necessary feature of business enterprise in which a
leader an manger is already support their smooth duties and obligations through which they
could develop effective and efficient plans to increase their productivity in an organisation. With
reference to Nestle, the manager of this company primarily accessible to interpret whole issues
that could happen some time into the enterprise. It also creates effective plans and problems
which is solved to attain the targeted goals and objectives. Various approaches of Nestle are as
follows:
Six sigma: It determines the approach which is considered large number of
methodologies so that they could evolve quality of products and services into the enterprise. This
type of approach is mostly used to raise or maintain whole quality of goods that provides large
satisfaction to their end users. In context to Nestle, the manager and leader uses this principle so
that they could understand their individuals problems and then resolve those problems by
inspiring them for the work. It further also helps to increase whole productivity of business in
order to accomplish the goals and objectives of business(Chiu, and Lo Western Digital
Technologies 2016).
Total quality management: This approach is used by modifying the product's quality so
that they could increase their performance within the market environment. This is very essential
for every business for developing the goods according to their needs and wants. In context to

Nestle, the manager of this company has implied with success of TQM within its transactions
across the world by developing its strategies with constant changes.
Lean principle: It recognise various form of techniques which is adopted by business so
that they cut down the waste while manufacturing. In context to Nestle, it makes activity of lean
production in order to decrease the functional costs and overproduction.
Just in Time Approach: It refers to the strategy of management which involves
modifying the whole material orders from suppliers that directly affect on the production
programme in an appropriate manner. With reference to Nestle, this method is presently used
across the world to reduce the extra stocks and time spent but also it get rid of waste with the
functions of an organisation(Yongfei and et. al., 2016).
Analyse the impact of leaders & managers in improve the efficiencies of operation management
Organisation efficiency refers to achieving goals and objectives by use of input and
resources in smart and effective way. Efficiency of firm decides output reliability and business
environment. Managers and leaders both are important in enterprises for coordination of
management and activities. They are responsible for managing and controlling operation and
function segment of business. In context to NESTLE, firm uses eco-fiendly raw materials for
manufacturing their product. Also, managers in company uses their expertise knowledge and
skill to improve the business efficiency and performance. Thus, performing of multi-tasking
functions by both leaders as well as mangers assist NESTLE to improve business efficiency.
Strategies which are used by mangers and leaders for improving efficiency are mentioned below-
 Engaging people- Marketing and business are broad and wider term and are time
consuming process(NOZARI, and MOSTAFA 2017). It is essential for entities to engage
both target customer as well as market in business activities. In relation with NESTLE,
they uses trust, commitment, and value of customer and product as tool to engage people.
Approaching and understanding of customers assist them in maintaining a positive
environment and relationship.
 Leadership and managers leadership- It is important to have leaders and mangers in
organisation because they are the sources through which communication and activities in
business are carried out and objectives are achieved. In NESTLE, managers and leaders
both contribute equal efforts in achieving determined goals. Supportive leadership is used

in firm which leads to employee high morale, less chances of conflicts and effective
decision making process in management and boost the efficiency of business.
 Training and Development- To improve the efficiency of business, it is important for
firm to implement training amongst the management in order to achieve a effective result.
Training and development both are crucial for growth of business because they ensure
that all activities related to performance and effectiveness are carried out without any
errors. In context to NESTLE, they always provide training to new as well as old
employees so that performance of firm and personnel increases.
 Resources- Time is changing and availability of resources are becoming rare. To
maintain the balance resources should be used in proper manner(Khlat and et. al., 2016).
Thus, NESTLE uses raw materials and adopt optimum use resources. Managers and
leaders consider this as social responsibility which increases firm goodwill.
Value and importance of operations management to achieve business objectives and goals
It is per-forma of various activities of business that provides to enhance the whole
efficiency and effectiveness within an organisation. In relation to Nestle, the manager of this
company directs whole functions of business in an appropriate manner. The product and service
design of Nestle coffee is increasing vantage on the consolidation of appropriate research and
development for sustain in market for a long time.
Quality
It is appreciable factor of business through which it would be manufactured and create
large amount of products and services to attain particular goals and objectives in an appropriate
manner. In context to Nestle, the manager of this company provides specific quality standards
within the operations of a management in order to achieve a successful quality management
system. The CEO of Nestle grasp ISO 9000, 14001 and OHSAS 18001 and so on into all
industries of Nestle so that they could create high quality standards in a healthy environment.
The manager and leader both together focus on the high quality of products to satisfy the
customers needs and wants. In addition to this, it could develop the quantitative product for end
users that increase business value to accomplish their goals in competitive premises.
Critical evaluation and Discussion
The operations of Nestle are controlled by evolving few difficult levels like planning the
capability, positioning the facility, designing of products and Just in Time usage. This further

ensures the arrangement of appropriate appraising of understanding to the particular departments
within an organisation.
Operations strategy
The operations strategy of Nestle is extremely changes by the utilization of nutrition,
health and welfare strategy. Further, the operations are done by efforts from innovation through
research and development. The activities of Nestle focus on the expanding the roles of nutritional
medical care for assure the betterment to the health and standard of people. While developing the
strategies for sustain in the market for a longer period of time(Minchala-Avila and et. al., 2016).
LO4 Relationship between leadership and management in a business environment
Briefly explain and evaluate applications of operation management which affect business
environment
Operation management refers to managing and handling of various activities such as
production, delivery, input and raw materials etc. In organisation it is important to analyse
because they are responsible for smooth running of business without any hurdles. In context to
NESTLE, their operation management are well organised and perform their roles and
responsibilities in an effective manner. So, due to effective tools and technologies functions of
business are carried smoothly and effectively.
There are various applications and factors which affects business environment and are
mentioned below-
 Productivity and services- In operation management it is important to analyse proper
measures of productivity in business. Because they includes raw materials, resources and
sources, equipments etc. They affect the business environment because environment is
getting affected by scarcity of resources which is results in low and slow development of
business(Balasubramaniam and et. al., 2016).
 Waiting line management- Operation management is complex and systematic procedure
of carrying out activities. In this waiting line management, due to long procedure and
phases chances of errors and conflicts take place. In relation with NESTLE, as they deals
in variety of products their operation management also is time consuming. IT affects
business environment in negative way because employee morale goes down and it
become difficult to achieve firm objectives.

 Quality Assurance/total quality management- This is another application which occur
in operation management. In this, product and services are tested and examined by proper
evaluation as well as analysis and with help of quality team. NESTLE quality assurance
team use different quality tools and measures for effective result. Because their main
focus is on smoothly running the total quality management (TQM). In this,business
environment get affected in a positive way because they use these quality tools in proper
manner so that product can move to next stage without any defect or error.
 Inventory system/ Just in time Approach- It is a system which is used in operation
management to track number of products available in stock, sales and delivery
etc(Nunna, and et. al., 2016). Just in time approach refers to modification and redesigning
the product. NESTLE uses their inventory system with assist of IT team which manage
proper functioning of the system. They use JIT approach to maintain proper management
in business.
 Project management/Lean principle- Before carrying out activities every business need
project management as well lean principle to pre-check the all the aspects and process
briefly so that resources are used at optimum level. In operation management, project
management and lean principle assist in implementing strategies and to eliminate the
waste and decrease the cost of production to perform business activities in effective
manner. In organisation it is important to analyse cost and resources because they are
responsible for smooth running of business without any hurdles.
Factors within business environment that impact upon operational management and decision
making by managers and leaders
Business environment is defined as the interaction and combination of external and
internal factors that provides the business to create specific decisions for analysing and
developing various forms of strategies. There are few factors that determines decision-making
process of managers and leaders which are described as follows:
Organisational culture/religion: This factor is determined by business and their process
of taking decision making. In addition to this, an organisation has various forms of anticipations
and their values. In context to Nestle coffee, it has a unique cooperative culture within an
organisation that take decisions very quickly. Furthermore, it also satisfies the customers needs
and wants for the growth of a company. The culture would be friendly and healthy that lead to

perform better. In addition to this, it also helps them to attain targeted goals and objectives within
a given time period to make effective and efficient decision making process.
Organisational values: It is a set of standards which is essential to follow people for
succeed in whole activities of a business in an appropriate way. With reference to Nestle coffee,
this company in involves business activities that has been governed by honesty and fair handling
with all the relevant laws. The employees of Nestle are assigned the responsibilities and duties
which is the most essential part of an organisation. It is a code of conduct which helps to
implement the corporate business. It is further designed to provide a measurement of any actions
to overcome all the potential situations. Hence, if a business would follow proper code of
conduct within a working environment then it directly motivate employees in order to
accomplish desired goals and objectives(Hasegawa, 2017).
Recommendations to management for future improvements
A leader and a manager plays a efficient and effective role while reduces the whole
problems to resolve that situation in an appropriate manner. It has also being suggested to
business that they should uses large amount in long term strategies with accordance to acquire
computer supported tools in order to attain future goals. It further provides the aid to their
employees for get over from issues. In addition to this, the techniques which are developed in a
better consequences and a manager or leader enables to improve possible outcomes within the
organisation.
The factor of business environment of mangers and leaders could affect on the efficiency
and effectiveness of the employees through which it take decisions in respect to leadership styles
that are all depends upon the level of performance within an organisation. Business environment
which could lead to impact on operational management and their decision-making by leaders and
managers on the basis of poor quality of products and services which disapprove the customers.
This includes several factors such as unfair reward of employees, recruitment of unskilled labour
force and so on(Deihimi, Zahed and Iravani 2016). While the decisions are taken by the leader or
manager it develops the management activities in all the operations of an organisation.
Examine how these different factors affect business environment
Organisational culture- Culture are crucial in every business because they reflect
individual personality, traits and religions. In entities, it is important for firm to maintain a
positive culture because it creates a unity amongst management and employees. Different types

of cultures are present in organisation such clan, audhocracy, market and hierarchy. It depends
upon leaders, managers and organisation to adopt which types of culture. So, NESTLE adopt
clan culture to make everyone feel as a family/ team. By following these culture they easily
achieve their goals and objectives. Organisational culture has a deep impact on business
environment because personnel stability in firm depends upon culture and environment of
entities. So, leaders and mangers of NESTLE assist firm to maintain a relationship between both
subordinates as well as management.
Organisational Ethics- Ethics are values which defines individual behaviour and in
organisation ethics are crucial because they depicts the discipline in firm. Organisational ethics
are maintained and managed by management (administrative) department of enterprise. Ethics
are carried out by principles and code of conduct is the key factor. In relation with NESTLE,
their management follows proper code of ethics and principles and everyone is treated as equal
assets to the firm(Yang and et. al., 2017). This has positive impact on entities goodwill and
professionalism is maintained in the company. This, organisational ethics affects the business
environment as it motivates employee and make them in discipline so that a line is maintained
between organisation and employees. With help of ethics, NESTLE creditability and value of
brand increases in market which assist them in generating more business and profit. So, it can be
stated that firm should focus on factors and applications to be aware about roles and
responsibilities.
CONCLUSION
After a brief analysis of above report, it can be concluded that operation management
play important role in business. They perform various types of activities such as managing,
handling, quality assurance etc. Operation management and business environment are interlink
with each other and different approaches and factors affecting are to be considered so that proper
management activities are carried out by entities.

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al., 2016)(Balasubramaniam and et. al., 2016)(Nunna, and et. al., 2016)(Hasegawa,
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