Operations Management in Renewable Energy

This assignment delves into the crucial role of operations management within the context of renewable energy. It examines how principles and practices of operations management, such as planning, control, and optimization, are applied to design, implement, and manage efficient and sustainable renewable energy systems. The analysis encompasses various aspects like energy storage, grid integration, demand-side management, and the overall lifecycle of renewable energy projects.

Management And
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Roles or characteristics of a manger and a leader ............................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................5
P2 Examine role of a leader and functions of manger............................................................5
P3 Different theories or models of approach including system leadership, situational
leadership and contingency....................................................................................................7
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
P4 Key approaches to operations management and the role that manager and leaders play. 8
P5 Importance and value of operations management in accomplishing business objectives.9
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P6 Factors in the business environment that impact upon operational management or decision-
making by leaders and mangers...........................................................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Management and Operations are most important concept which consists planning and
designing for controlling entire operational functions of the company to increase more
profitability as well as productivity. This process assist business organisation in all the
manufacturing, production and supply activities of products (Zheng, 2011). They consist
planning or designing several strategies for improving all the operational and functional
practices. It includes programming, coordinating, supervising and designing of functions. An
enterprise can manage their supply chain management or logistics with the help of management
of operations. This project report is based on Mark and Spencer which is multinational retailer
company in United Kingdom. This firm operate various services such as home products, clothing
and luxury food products to their customers. M&S was formed in the year 1884 by Michael
Marks or Thomas Spencer. There are 979 stores overall world wide including 615 which only
sell food items.
TASK 1
P1 Roles or characteristics of a manger and a leader
Leadership is most important quality of monitoring, controlling or leading large number
of people in the organisation. It include various skills to accomplish goals as well as vision and
provide to target to meet in fixed period of time. Leaders guide employees in order to achieve
more profitability and productivity in minimum cost. They make effective strategies, policies and
plans according to the situation in order to gain high financial profit. Whereas, manger allot work
and practices among all staff members and maintain document of everyday practices which help
in create a corrective framework. Mark and Spencer is largest retailer organisation which operate
various products and services to its domestic as well as foreign customers in good quality. There
are some leaders in firm who lead whole operational and functional practices in adequate
manner. In this business organisation leaders are control and manage entire work that are related
to growth and development of the employees or company (White, 2016). They allot task
according to the employee's capabilities and skills that help in achieving goals and objectives.
Characteristic of management
Persuasive: The accurate working of whole function and operation which occur in the
enterprise for achieving set goals in less time period. Therefore, it can be considered as

comprehensive or persuasive. The leader have persuasive nature that lead entire organisation in
his own way through changing old methods with advance techniques.
Multidimensional: A manager must have skilled personality and multitasker through
which they can manage and control work in any kind of situation. It is multidimensional process
as they manage various practices at the same time.
Operational Administration: Manger perform so many different task and practices in
most effective and efficient way to achieve best outcomes in minimum cost. Management
administrate need to maintain all the process and department of the company such as
distribution, accounting, manufacturing, finance and so on. They manage all the operational
functions of the management in right way to achieve desired target (Rani and Moreira, 2010).
Dynamic: Business industry change their task and practices according to the market as it
change time to time. Administration process keeps on changing because of new industry trends,
public opinion and market plan to maintain its stability in market place. Manger should be
flexible so that they can set environment of the firm according to the various market situations.
Financial department is totally depend on the performance of employer.
Characteristics of Leadership
Diversity value: Leadership play very major role in organisation. They understand
important of diversity factor for the enterprise elaboration. With the help of this aspect company
operate its existing functions by innovative way and use new concept, ideas and creativity. A
good leader high focus on more innovation and creativity in the business organisation.
Communication skills: Leader must have this skill in order to influence thoughts and
ideas of large number of people and create convention with different people. A good leader
should have ability to inspire staff member to perform any difficult task and practices.
Decision making: Good leadership maintain balance between decision making models or
methods on the basis of the current situation of the firm. Good leader knows that which decision
should be taken in which situation, even if it is most difficult time. They take best decision in
complicated situation for the benefit of the company.
Roles of leaders and managers
Stimulate and monitor: Leader have major role to stimulate the external people and
organisational workers and culture. They encourage employees to perform well in most effective

way. Whereas, manager implement various strategies and plans for improving working condition
in the company (Palizban, Kauhaniemi and Guerrero, 2014).
Invent: If any change take place in the firm then leader is the person who is responsible
for entire change process of structure and culture. Whereas, manger control, manage, plan,
allocate and design work to achieve best result in certain period of time. It is responsibility of
manager to use some new methods and techniques in the operational activities to increase level
of growth and development.
TASK 2
P2 Examine role of a leader and functions of manger
Leadership play very significant role in Mark and Spencer, as they influence mindset of
people for betterment of the company. A leader can create any innovative idea and plan which
assist in achieving set goals and objectives of the firm. They encourage employees to do work in
more effective way to accomplish best outcomes by using various new techniques and methods.
The manger and leader focus and observe objectives that need to be accomplish in fixed period
of time. They create strong strategies, effective plans and policies and implement them to
different functional department. The major role of leader is to help employees to perform all
functions in proper way (Niknam, Meymand and Mojarrad, 2011).

Planning or Analysing: The main responsibility of manger in an enterprise is to create
effective plan in order to achieve goals and objectives of Mark and Spencer. It is duty of leader
to concentrate on the desired target of the firm and give full efforts for accomplishing them in
proper manner. Whereas, manager has duty to make effect strategies, plans and allot various
tasks within employees and motivate them to perform well. Mark and Spencer conduct various
research event to find out required element which help to gain high profitability level (Nakayama
and Bucks, 2012).
Organising and Structuralizer: It is most important function of manger to organise the
resource according to the need in Mark and Spencer. They manage all the planned functions of
the media for their customers. They make various plans and strategies for increasing their
profitability and productivity. Whereas, leadership provide guidance and right direction to all
the employees towards achieving fixed goals and objectives in proper manner. Mark and Spencer
set its vision and mission so that leaders and manger can encourage employees to achieve them .
Controlling and conceptualizer: It is one of the important duty of manager to control as
well as mange entire organisational structure,functions, operations and employees. They make so
many plans and strategies so that employees can work in more proper way. They maintain
effective balance in implementation of the budget, planning and many other functions of the firm
that is important for the leaders and managers for best result. Leaders help in handling all the
Illustration 1: Management process, 2017

difficult task and practices in very effective way with staff members. As, they adopt new ideas
and methods for encouraging employees towards achieving high growth and development.
Leading and socialising: Manger can easily play role of leader in the case of stimulate or
command all the employees for proper functioning as well as effective stimulation of Mark and
Spencer. To achieve desired goals, it is responsibility of manager to clear organisational vision
and mission to all employees so that they work according to it. Both leader and manger require a
strong communication with great interpersonal skills for improving working environment at
work place (Ming and et. al., 2013).
For the growth and development of the Mark and Spencer, leaders play very important
role to inspire employees to more more hard. They proper guidance as well as right direction to
achieve best result in minimum cost and time.
P3 Different theories or models of approach including system leadership, situational leadership
and contingency
Leadership is concept which is used by Mark and Spencer for motivating and
encouraging their employees to attain desired goals and objective in effective way in less period
of time. This is completely different from other functional departments such as controlling,
recruitment, personnel and subordinating all the required strategies affected the firms leaders.
Market has so many methods, models or approaches, some of those are defined as under:
Contingency theory: This theory is based on situational approach as it mainly focus on
the personality of leader and condition in which they are dealing. It includes many different ways
of leading some difficult conditions in most effective and systematic manner (Lindström and et
al., 2012). According to this theory, leaders are most important aspect when condition is more
complicated where they motivate and provide proper guidance to their employees so that they
can deal in adequate manner.
Behavioural theory: According to this theory, leader must focus on the attributes and
behaviour of individual instead of their characteristic. In this, great leader is formed according to
the different circumstances, abilities, skills and behaviour. Mark and Spencer used this theory
that help in analysing behaviours of employees in various situation. It also assist in evaluating
employee's behaviour towards goals of the firm.
Situational theory: According to this theory, a good leader can use different approaches
for guiding their employees to gain more financial profit in market place. This theory is used by

Mark and Spencer to find out several situations in which worker perform in best way.
Organisation can easily maintain stability in profit margin at work place through this theory.
Trait theory: This theory states that great leader is born with different skills and abilities
to lead entire organisation. They According to this, leaders are not made they have all the
existing skills and knowledge by birth but this theory does not apply overall market place. As,
some good leaders who wasn't have leaders qualities by birth, they lead company in most
effective way (Li and et. al., 2011).
Skill theory: According to this theory, leadership is all about various skills and abilities
to lead a whole team member together to achieve more outcomes. Attribute of effective
leadership help in providing important data and information that is used in different situation
effectively. This theory says that good leader can be built with experiences, education and with
time. It assist in analysing knowledge and skills of employees for accomplishing more
profitability and productivity in minimum cost.
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches to operations management and the role that manager and leaders play
By succeed desired goals, the task that is being perform in the firm is known as business
operation. To control and manage all the practices and task in proper way and give effective
result related to it is called as management. This is very much important for the company like
Mark and Spencer to execute all the operational practices in most systematic manner. It also help
in dealing with their competitors who are available in market place by making unique and
innovative products and services for their customers (Kim And et. al., 2010). This has increase
the performance as well as position of the firm in large market segment. To influence people by
satisfying their wants and needs make good image of firm in market, Mark and Spencer have
been able to expand its structure and operational activities in overall UK and many more
countries. Mark and Spencer use so many approaches and methods for improving performance of
its employees so that whole practices of entity can be done in appropriate manner to get
maximum profit. It help in making strong and good image of brand among customers.
Social system approach: It is related to the culture, nature and background of manager
who is also play important role of leader in the company.

Human behaviour approach: It is aspect that combine attribute of operational activities
and style of leadership. It is mainly based on behaviour or attitude of workers or mangers
towards their set objectives.
Role of manager: Manger of Mark and Spencer control, plan, organise, lead and manage
all the operational practices to accomplish the motive and set goals. They play very important in
the company as they perform various role such as planning, coordination, directing or organising.
They ensure that all the raw material are used by employees in proper way to achieve best
outcomes without any wastage. Manger of Mark and Spencer convey goals, vision and mission
of the firm in effective manner (Johnstone, 2016).
Role of leader: Leaders of Mark and Spencer lead employer of the enterprise to reach at
higher level in market place. They provide proper guidelines as well as encourage employees
towards achieving set goals and objectives of the firm.
P5 Importance and value of operations management in accomplishing business objectives
In small enterprise operation management have its own values for running all the
operational functions in smooth way for achieving desired goals. All business organisation
perform their task and activities for attaining more financial profit in minimum cost. Mark and
Spencer managed various work in all department that give direction for whole entity for achieve
the set target. Information of firm help in analysing its past data or all important details or
examine views and feedback of customers for coming trend in market place by which Mark and
Spencer can develop new plan for growth and development.
Importance of operational management:Management of operations include so many
strategies and plans to show them successful in large market place. For this firm use different
models and approaches to increase performance and efficiency of practices that are currently
running at work place. This help in meeting desired set audience by providing good quality of
products and services and also assure them that they have been offered great quality goods and
services by company (Cruz and Marques, 2011). Mark and Spencer evaluate preference and
choices of customers to identify their needs and demands. For this firm can use management
framework which help in improving the existing performance of employees at work place. It will
help in explaining a design of function in entire branches of firm that help in effective
coordination management operation. This will help in modifying current working methods and
provide disciplined structure at work place for all employees so that they can perform in proper

way to achieve high financial profit. The supply chain of management will be improved
through this which help in growth and development of Mark and Spencer.
TASK 4
P6 Factors in the business environment that impact upon operational management or decision-
making by leaders and mangers
Decision making is very crucial activity which include whole behaviour process that
enhance growth of the Mark and Spencer and also help in achieving desired goals and objectives.
Operation management is most effective administer those operations that assist in reaching at
peak level in large market place (Burke, 2013). This firm face a lot of problems of growth in
business functions that can reduce the profitability and productivity of M&S . It help in
identifying all those barriers that can highly effect the financial capital as well as position in
international market area. It is duty of manager to find out threats of the firm that will directly
affect the strategies and plans and decrease the number of customers.
The Mark and Spencer is multinational retailer company in United kingdom which offer various
products and services to its domestic and international customers. This firm has total 979 stores
overall world wide area. They are specialises in the selling of home products, luxury food
products and clothing in good quality. In this enterprise all the important decisions are taken by
managers as well as leaders for the betterment of the M&S. Manager of entity play very major
role in the growth and development as they control and manage all the practices and employees
in the organisation. There are so many forces that can directly affect operational and functional
activities so, it is highly important for the manager or leaders to find out all those forces. Egoistic
workers can reduce the growth rate of the company (Bahmani-Firouzi and Azizipanah-
Abarghooee, 2014). As, overconfidence is biggest weakness of worker in the internal basis that
can affect the production process. There are so many conflicts occurs between mangers and
employees in the business organisation. Such king of employee's behaviour and attitude can
create unhealthy working environment and also decrease the level of profitability and
productivity in market place. Leaders and managers should considered all the internal as well as
external factors while making any decision, strategies and plan for the growth and development
of the firm. Changing culture of Mark and Spencer can affect whole operational activities and
practices so, manger should provide positive as well as healthy working environment for their

employees so that they they can work in most effective and systematic manner. Leader and
manger must focus on the suppliers of the firm by satisfying their needs and wants and make
strong relationship bond so they they provide raw material at reasonable cost (Ale and et. al.,
2010).
CONCLUSION
From the above project report it has been concluded that both leaders and managers play
major role in the growth and development of the company as they control, manage, plan, provide
right direction, give guidelines and so on to all employees so that all practices can be performed
in proper manner. Leaders guide employees in order to achieve desired target in fixed period of
time. The responsibility of leader help an manger to coordinate all the function in most suitable
way. It includes analysing, planning, leading, directing and organising operational activities at
work place. Mark and Spencer used various approaches and methods such as contingency,
behavioural, skill, system and traits approaches. All these models improve the performance of
employees and give proper allocation to whole organisational structure to get more profit. They
also assist in improving the market image of brand among customers and also help in gaining
huge competitive advantages in large market place.

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Online
What is Operations Management?. 2014. [Online]. Available
through:<https://www.topmba.com/mba-programs/what-operations-management>.

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