Comparison between roles and characteristics of a leader and manager

This report compares the roles and characteristics of a leader and manager. It also discusses different theories and models related to operations management. The report focuses on Nestle's supply chain as a case study.

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Task 1 ..............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Comparison between roles and characteristics of a leader and manager..........................3
Task 2...............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Role of a leader and functions of a manager apply in different situations........................4
P3 Different theories and models ..........................................................................................5
Task 3...............................................................................................................................................6
P4 Key approaches to operations management .....................................................................6
P5 Value and importance to operations management............................................................7
Task 4...............................................................................................................................................9
P6 Factors in business environment that impacts on operational management.....................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Operation and management is consider as a procedure and administration process which
is used to run a business by creating a highest level of efficiency and effectiveness. The meaning
of operation and management is to convert the raw material and labour in to goods and services
so profitability can be maximize by increasing business activities (Addo-Tenkorang and Helo,
2016). This report is based on case study of Nestle's supply chain who uses operation
management to increase organisational productivity. This report include a discussion and
comparison between roles and characteristics of a manager and leader. Application of different
theories and models in relation to operation and management. Moreover, discussion of various
factors that can affects the business organisation.
A person who have ability and authority to manage functions and activities effectively is
considered as manager. Manager are playing an essential role and responsibilities which helps to
increase the organisational productivity and profitability. The manager of Nestle is responsible
for organisation performance in which it need to make solid plans so goals can be achieved
effectively.
Task 1
P1 Comparison between roles and characteristics of a leader and manager
This means one person out of collection of people able to lead and provide proper
assistance to employees so problems can be solved easily. This is important for organisation to
have a leader so problems of employees can be resolved and complete the common goals. The
leader of Nestle, works effectively who understand the problem which is facing by organisation
while supplying products and get a solutions so productivity can be maintain easily (Bromiley
and Rau, 2016).
Comparison between roles and characteristics of manager and leader
Basis Manager Leader
Definition This means a person who exercise
managerial functions and activities
primarily so business can grow
effectively.
It is one who motivate people to
work effectively by accepting
challenges and increase the
organisational profitability.

Roles and
responsibility
The manager of Nestle are playing a
role of coordinator, decision maker,
communicator, resource allocator and
goal setter in organisation that helps
to increase the organisational
productivity and profitability.
The leader of Aston Martin are
playing a role of facilitator,
motivator, team player and delegator
role that helps to work attain the
common task and attain business
goals.
Characteristics The manager of Aston Martin is
having different traits such as
courageous, honesty, innovative,
commitment and positive attitude that
helps to work accordingly by
accepting challenges (Choi, Cheng
and Zhao, 2016).
The leader of Aston Martin are
highly capable in solving employees
problems, supporter, result oriented
and maintaining good environment
which bring improvement in supply
of Nestle's process effectively.
Task 2
P2 Role of a leader and functions of a manager apply in different situations
The role of leader and functions of a manager are important in organisation who
facilitates success and achievement. In the case study of Nestle manager are leaders are
responsible for first class supply chain, with high quality linkage that states coffee is grown in
such field and it should be reaches to the all consumers.
Situation - To improve the supply chain of Nestle and improving organisational productivity
Function of manager
Planning: The manager of Nestle perform their function by making plans and strategies
in order to improve the supply chain and increase productivity (Fettermann and et. al., 2018).
Organising: This means all activities and functions of organisation should be organised
so task can be perform effectively. The manager of Nestle organise their activities and supplying
chain process effectively.
Directing:In Nestle, managers are responsible for providing direction to employees in
which they states how they can improve supply chain process in order to get reach it by
customers (Zhou and Lo, 2018).

Controlling: This is ending function in which all functions and activities in relation to
supply chain is controlled by managers that helps to attain the business goals and improve
organisational profitability.
In this situation leaders of such organisation are playing different roles such as:
Communicator – In organisation there are many people who works together is important
to communicate with others so ideas can be share and changes can be accept easily. The leaders
of Nestle is playing a role of communicator in which it communicates with all employees and
suggest them effective ideas to run a business.
Problem solving – This role is played by Nestle's leaders who understand the problems
of employees and provide them effective solution so they feel good and get ready to work in
dynamic environments (HGillen, Jacquillat and Odoni, 2016).
P3 Different theories and models
Contingency Leadership - This theories refers as leader's effectiveness which is depends
on contingent that states how leadership style matches to situation. In this leaders found that
what kind of leadership style and contingency are running in organisation then provide a
optimum solution so business can grow. In case of Nestle, leader should use this to find the
problems relation to low supply and productivity of coffee and get ideas to resolve this problem
effectively.
Situational leadership theory – As per this leadership style no single “best” leadership
style. In this, leaders adapt situation which arises in organisation and put efforts to solve this in
certain period of time. In Nestle, leaders should understand the situation and handle them
smoothly with the help of employees. Therefore, this is effective leadership style which is used
by Nestle's leaders to handle the prevailing situations (Kopardekar and et. al., 2016).
System Leadership – Such leadership facilitates productivity and potentiality of
employees who are working in organisation at different level. This provide effective guidance
and motivation to staff so changes can he accepted systematically. In this leadership, leaders and
manager of Nestle execute their plans properly and implements changes systematically. With the
help of this production of coffee and supply chain can be improve and organisation be able to
take competitive advantages (Xu, Li and Feng, 2019).

Task 3
P4 Key approaches to operations management
Project management is consider as essential feature of a corporate organisation, where
managers and leaders understated their position and make successful strategies that can help
improve efficiency and competitiveness in organizations. Leaders and managers play various
roles in the sense of Nestle’s company, helping to cope with critical situation and contributing to
improving business efficiency. Managers in the company identify the problem at the time of
work and make proactive decisions that can help achieve business goals by successfully solving
problems. There are various types of strategies that are related to the management of operations
used by Nestle company administrators and leaders to achieve business goals as addressed:
Total quality management – This principle is used for improving product quality and
growing organizational efficiency. It is essential for business organizations that their goods and
services are of good quality so that they can attract consumers and help improve business
efficiency. Through using this method, the company reduces and removes the errors in the
production that help to produce improved customer experience quality. When the company
provides better product quality, it can compete with others by growing the brand identity and
productivity of the organization. This is the obligation of such institution's manager to use the
TQM approach to reduce errors and absence from the customer-attracting activity process. The
task of leaders is to implement the TQM framework and direct its employees to improve product
and service quality (Mijumbi and et. al., 2016).
Six Sigma: This influences the approach which states a philosophy for creating more
consistency in the services and goods of the business. This approach was used to improve the
efficiency of the company and to ensure high quality of goods and services. In the sense of
Nestle company, the task of manager is to figure out the problem that is related to
competitiveness and competitiveness of the corporation. Here managers get corporate goals and
make preparations that will create incentives for company goals to be accomplished. The job of
leaders is to implement appropriate tools and analyse each step of the process that can help
increase the efficiency of the organization. The job of leaders is to implement appropriate tools
and analyse each step of the process that can help to improve organizational efficiency by
improving the quality process and enhancing the profit margin aimed at organizing business.
Lean principle – t is an effective method that incorporates the benefit from a strategy

used to eliminate organizational waste. The position of manager in Nestle's organization is to
recognize organizational needs and conduct market research to get an idea to minimize waste.
This method is primarily used by industrial organizations where the waste from production and
operations is expected to be minimised. Leaders ' job is to minimize waste and using their skills
and experience to improve organizational effectiveness by achieving business goal.
Kaizen (Continuous Improvement) - It is a technique in which workers at all levels of a
organization work proactively together to make daily, gradual changes in the production process.
In a way, it incorporates the combined strengths within a company to build a strong development
engine. Nestle uses this process to improve their production and taste that can attracts customers
more (Ravinder and Kollikkathara, 2017). The role of leader is to bring innovation and use in
business so customers get experience of new products and services.
JUST-IN-TIME approach - It is a method implemented to control inventories and
other resources needed to complete output and maximize resource utilization. This system
engineering approach helps companies to control their raw material supplies according to
company orders and production schedules. JUS-IN-TIME technique helps organization increase
its performance. Nestle managers must keep track of all collecting orders organization and keep
stocks in stores accordingly. It will encourage them to use those extra funds or cash in more
productive ways. The leadership functions are to track all actions taken by individuals and
recommend alternative ways to execute them eliminating any resources losses that shape the
operations (Wijesekara and Ranasinghe, 2019).
P5 Value and importance to operations management
The operation and management is the important process for all organisation as it is used
to transition the raw material in to finished goods, operating business and running all activities
effectively. It main target is to conversion and increase the sale of business. The importance of
operation and management in context to Nestle are as defined:
Improves employee productivity – This is used to improve the improve the employee's
productivity by assisting them what need to do and how, so employees perform well and give
their best. In this manager check and measure all people's performance and give them
opportunities to show their talent by increasing productivity (Perakis, 2019).
Helps in achievement of objectives – Operation management is playing an effective role
in attaining the pre-determined goals and objectives. With the help of this, manager of Nestle

ensures that all activities and functions are going according to plans and monitoring properly
(Regnier and MacKenzie, 2018).
Optimum utilisation of resources – Every organisation has a dream to use it available
resources properly so productivity can increase at minimum cost. The manager of chosen
organisation frames strategies and plans to check that all resources are utilised on properly or
not. This helps to reduce the wastages and increase productivity.
Product quality and customer satisfaction – Organisation uses different activities and
process to provide the better quality of products and services so customer can be satisfied
effectively. Therefore, operation and management is important for Nestle and other organisation
to improve the product quality and provide customer satisfaction.
Task 4
P6 Factors in business environment that impacts on operational management
The environment in relation to business is fill of many factors that can affect the business and
decisions of leaders or managers in a organisation. This is important for management to know
such factor and analysis them effectively. The description of some factors which can affect the
decision of manager and leaders are as defined:
 Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) – This is related with business regulation
which is important for organisations to focus on them. This factor helps to increase
the brand image and customer loyalty. In Nestle, manager and leaders uses this factor
that ensures customers that products are of good quality and will attracts customers
by participating in CSR activities. With the help of this factor manager make right
decision about its investment and increase the operations effectively (Utne,
Schjølberg and Roe, 2019).
 Organisational Culture – It refers as personality and culture of a company which is
used by organisation in order to increase the business effectiveness. Personality of a
company is states that there are different types of people who are working by
accepting different style and culture to work. This is important for organisation to
follow all culture in relation to organisation and give efforts to complete the goals. To
improve the productivity of Nestle, manager need to follow attractive culture and

should provide training and development programme to employees so task can be
complete in certain period of time.
 Organisational ethics – This is another factor which states that how an organisation
is responding towards organisational external environment. This refers as set of
regulations and rules which helps to decide the employee's behaviour who behave
different in organisation and accept the changes effectively. The manager if Nestle
maintain good ethics and behaviour with employees that helps to maintain the good
productivity and image of company kin effective manner. This can helps to maintain
the effectiveness and make right business decisions (Wang, Yang and Hou, 2019).
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that leaders and managers are the part of
organisation who are playing different roles and functions in organisation as they have different
characteristics. Leaders are one who create a relationship between manager and employees and
get solve problems effectively. Organisation uses system, contingency and situational leadership
theory that helps to complete the goals. Total quality management, JIT , Lean management and
other approaches are used by leaders and management for the purpose of increasing production
and reducing wastages effectively. With the help of this organisation can get profits efficiently.

REFERENCES
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