Management and Operations

Management and
Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1 ...........................................................................................................................................1
P1. Comparison of roles and characteristics of leader and manager...........................................1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2. Role of leader and functions of manager apply in different situation...................................3
P3. Different theories and models of approach including situational leadership .......................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................6
P4. Key approaches to operations management and roles of leaders and managers...................6
P5. Determining the importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives.....................................................................................................................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
P6. Factors of business environment that affect the operational management and decision-
making by leaders and managers. ...............................................................................................8
CONCLUSION ...............................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
Management and operations is concern with process if administration where it creates the
highest level of efficiency in organisation and concerned with various activities and functions. It
basically deals with converting raw material into goods and services in order to maximise the
profit of an organisation and take operations decision for the betterment of company (Burns,
2018). In this report the company is Aldi that is UK based retail organisation where two German
family-owned discount supermarket and has stores with over 10000 stores in 20 countries. In this
report roles and characteristics of leader and manager is being discussed and how they perform
in organisation and role of leader and functions of manager applied in situational context is being
studied. Apart from that different theories, models including situational leadership and examine
the appreciation of the role leader and manager in operations and key approaches and their role
in that is studied. Importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives and assessing te factors that impact on decision making by leaders and mangers.
TASK 1
P1. Comparison of roles and characteristics of leader and manager
Leader is person who lead and possess certain qualities and attribute to influence the
group of people or individual to do task. It carried out the work strategically and simplify it in
and successfully communicate it everyone enthusiastically (Calais and et.al., 2017). In Aldi, the
leader is handling and motivate the group of people to complete the task and make the
environment friendly in order to work smoothly.
Manager is person in management who is responsible to carried out all the activities and
functions in organisation. They take in charge of all the department and supervise them
according to set standards. In the Aldi, their role is to exercise all managerial functions like
planning, organising, directing, controlling and that involve all the power to hire, fire and
monitor all the policies in organisation.
Comparison factors Leader Manager
Characteristics They think about the situation
from out of the box and
They generally set the vision
and goals and accordingly
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capable of making everything
bigger.
They usually think for long
term period and they look at
big pictures and set the
direction accordingly.
They focused on people
activities and functions rather
than on process in
management.
They believe in encouraging
the people and like to
brainstorm new ideas to raise
opinions (Dekker and et.al.,
2018). It also ensures the
proper involvement of all
employees in the process and
motivate them to do so.
carry out the activities.
They usually think from short
term period and does not think
much about future situation.
They mostly process oriented
and always emphasis on
proper functioning in
management.
They assign the task and it
make sure everything is
happing according to the
assigned task or not.
Roles It focus on influence his
subordinate to achieve the
goals and build confidence
among them to accomplish the
task.
They facilitates in making
decision and help the manger
to carried out it effectively.
Their main role is to promote
positive change in behaviour
of employees towards their
woek and responsibilities in
They manages entire
management and mainly focus
on completion assigned task or
objective before deadline.
It deals in making important
decision in management and
direct everyone about the rules
and policies of organisation.
They react to change and
analyse how to deal with it and
their main focus is to monitor
the activities and functions in
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organisation.
A leader aims to development
and growth of teammates and
helps in building personality
so that they could contribute to
future growth of company.
They are analysing the issues
that occur rather than on just
solving and it make sure this
will not appear in near future.
It goes into the problems into
the roots and examine the
consequences.
management.
Their aim is in
accomplishment the end
results and regulate the status
of assigned task and ensure
every employees is doing their
job efficiently or not.
They do not take conflict and
issue seriously and avoid them
as much as possible.
Similarities of role and characteristics of leader and manager are as follows-
 They both has same aim to improve betterment of organisation and ultimately increase
the productivity and efficiency in business process.
 They both posses similar skills and qualities with slight difference in their aim and
objectives (Enyinda, 2017).
 Their both functions facilitates in improving the profitability in company and improve
effectiveness in organisation by concentrating on the major issues and key areas.
TASK 2
P2. Role of leader and functions of manager apply in different situation
Role of leader is important in management as it is responsible to direct and lead the
employees effectively and make sure everyone is efficiently using their competency to
accomplish the task. They set the clear vision and influence the employees to understand that
mission and importance of the outcome (Fisichelli and et.al., 2016). In the company they make
sure everything is coming with positive change and guide employees and define their role in
work process and motivate them to participate in decision making and provide them tools that is
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needed. They praise the performance if employees has done well and improve communications
and relationship with them that will be useful in future growth. In Aldi, they build the morale and
pulling everyone to work towards the common goal and clearly explain the task and help them
when they face any issue regarding personal and professional. Their importance is increasing day
by day in corporate world as they facilitates in smooth functioning and monitor the performance
of employees and enhancing overall productivity of organisation.
Functions of manager are wide and responsible for many activities and functions of
management in organisation such as planning, organising, directing, monitoring and controlling
and monitor in company (Gillen, Jacquillat and Odoni, 2016). They are all rounder and wears
many hats at the same time and plays many functions in management. Organisation can not run
without manger as it handle every activities according to the their prescribed levels and
department. In the context of Aldi, they manages the management effectively and perform
various task and they posses many skills such as Technical, Conceptual and Human skills and
plan the whole decision making process. They ensure that company is able to achieve their goals
and objective such as maximisation of profit and effectiveness in performance of organisation.
Role of leader and functions of managers in situational context
 Expanding into new market- In this situation of branches out into new market as it
opening new stores in new place where role of leader is to analyse the market over there
and help the manager into decision-making process (Grant and et.al., 2017). It direct and
guide the employees to work into new place as the company Aldi, is big organisation
where it is necessary to help them to perform efficiently. In this situation the function of
manager is big and wide as it monitor whole operational function that require to happen
in order to set new plans and policies of how things needs to be done. Some important
activities such as planning of where and how can company expands and how it need to
be regulate.
 Resolution among employees- In this situation the role of leader is very important as it
basically understand the nature of whole issues and find out the way to solve it from
stretch. In Aldi, the leader helps in understanding the reason and it make sure that in
future it will no occur any more. In this situation the function of manager is to monitor
the issue and check their working condition and environment. They make sure that
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company is properly addressing the resolution among employees or not and maintain the
efficiency in management.
P3. Different theories and models of approach including situational leadership
In the management there are certain theories that define the roles and responsibilities to
leaders and could be apply in respective organisation, where they might able to function
effectively in management. Some leadership theories are as follows-
 System leadership theory- This theory is developed by Dr Ian Macdonald, where it
enable the leader to create the conditions where employees are able to work with
potential ad trough that it improve the productivity in their work. It facilitates the leader
to use tools that help them to predict the behaviour in the organisation and create the
models of good leadership, organisational strategy and social process (Heizer, 2016). In
Aldi company this theory could be apply in expanding into new market where leader
need to take challenging decision and steps in this situation. As this theory will enable
the leader that how and when action could be taken and maintain the efficiency of
management in order to take correct steps and measurable actions.
 Situational leadership theory- In this theory it concern with effective style of leadership
changes situation to situation and it suggest that leader can adopt the style accordingly to
diverse situation. As, this theory could be used in expanding into new market and
resolution among employees as this theory is depend on situation. This theory facilitates
the leader to use its style which is suitable on the circumstances and give freedom to use
their attribute and behaviour accordingly. Like in resolution among leader could use the
different style to solve the issue between both the parties and in expansion of company
leader could adopt any favourable style that is suitable in situation. This theory leader get
the authority to take the decision and make it more effective without any pressure from
top management.
 Contingency Leadership theory- This theory is quiet similar to situational theory where
it tells that any situation can challenge the leader at some point of time and could be
favourable to other situation. Not every leader is able to handle the all situation and
challenges, at some way or other they need to face the problem. Resolution among
employees is the situation where this theory could be apply because there are ways where
leader is unable to deal with the situation properly and needs to change its current style
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according to its nature and intensity. As, in Aldi there are many employees where there
are different behaviour and attitude from which leader has to be deal with them in order
to solve the issue and properly handle the environment in organisation. It require to
analyse the various aspect that could impact the decision of their solution and accordingly
manages the whole management.
TASK 3
P4. Key approaches to operations management and roles of leaders and managers
Operation management refers to operational strategies that involve in organisation that
concern with planing, controlling and monitoring the whole process in management (Svensson
and Hedman, 2018). It is integral part of every organisation where it facilitates the proper
functioning and in Aldi company this helps in regulating whole process that includes all
activities and functions from manufacturing to selling the product and services. There are certain
models that uses in organisation in following way-
 Six sigma- This refers to improving in the capability of organisation through increase in
the performance of employees and their morale and decreasing in the defect of inputs by
proper controlling. Six sigma experts uses qualitative and quantitative techniques to
enhance the process (Leiras and et.al., 2019). In the context of Aldi, the role of leader to
increase the confidence and motivation among them and provide them better worki8ng
conditions and could use some methods and process to improve their performance. The
role of manager in this model is to evaluate the risk and minimising the cost and
reduction in management process to enhance overall effectiveness.
 Lean Production- This refers to reduction in waste and increase the quality in
production and that it involves the process from design and production, distribution. It
consider that waste is equals to cost and make the business more efficient and be
responsive market needs. In the Aldi, the role of leader is to influence the employees to
maintain the efficiency by improving the quality in production process and
manufacturing process. They ensure things needs to be done in better quality with
avoiding the waste in process. The role of manager is to monitor all production and
manufacturing process and ensure everything is completed on right time at right place. It
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regulate each department effectively and check that is there process that need to be
improve or not.
 Total Quality Management- TQM is generally refers to customer oriented process and
ensure continuous process and focus on key principle that is Plan, Do, Check,Act in
which has there own importance and functions that define there. It increase the awareness
of quality culture within organisation and emphasis on teamwork (Pinedo and Xu, 2017).
In the Aldi, the role of leader to improve the culture of employee involvement and
increasing the morale and work quality of them through certain techniques and methods.
It also helps in providing required training programmes to enhance their performance.
The role of manager is to control the whole management process and improve the
customer focus in order to enhance the effectiveness in organisation. Manager plan what
kind of decisions will be helpful and satisfy the employee by enhancing the work cultuer.
It involve strategic, systematic approach to deal with the process and improve the
communication with employees to increase the interaction with management.
P5. Determining the importance and value of operations management in achieving business
objectives
Operations management is integral part of every organisation where they concern with
improving the business process and develop highest level of efficiency within the organisation
and responsible in converting material and helps in maximisation of profit. In the company Aldi,
this helps in utilizing the resources from staff, materials and equipment and deliver the goods and
services to costumer in order to meet the ability of organisation.
Importance of operations management in organisation are as follows-
 Increase in the productivity- This ensures that every thing is going as per standard. It
main aim is to increase the productivity in employees and in business process and
maintain the ratio of input and output to develop the result in organisation (Schnepp,
Vidal and Hawley, 2017). In Aldi, this helps in improving the output and maximisation of
profit though reduction in cost.
 Focus on costumer sanctification- In this operations management, manager is able to
develop the feeling about the satisfaction of costumer by providing them quality product
and services. It ensures that that need to be treated fairly and nicely and maintain
relationship with them.
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 Ensure product quality- This is main thing that organisation ensure to deliver the best
quality and that satisfy the needs and wants of costumer. In Aldi, this operations
management monitor the standard quality and compared to its competitors to improve it
better in future.
Value of operations management in organisation are as follows-
 Competitive advantages- Operations management facilitates the business in
improvement in internal process that enhance the performance of business that make
them compatible in market. In the context of Aldi, this helps in analysing the factors and
facilitates it to stand ahead in competitive market.
 Employee motivation- Operations management helps in improving the motivation and
make them understand the roles and responsibilities of their task (Radnor and Bateman,
2016). It is necessary to give importance to their employees and in Aldi, operations
manger build the better environment in organisation to enhance the performance in
company and this maximised the productivity in management.
TASK 4
P6. Factors of business environment that affect the operational management and decision-making
by leaders and managers.
Business environment refers to certain factors that could impact the operations
management and highly influence the productivity of business organisation. It has some internal
and external factors that affect the process as in the company Aldi, these were greatly imapct the
business and it is necessary for every organisation to check and monitor these factor
appropriately in order reduce the effectiveness of these in factors. There are some factors that
influence the operations management in certain way-
 Corporate social responsibility- This is self regulating business model that shows that
company is able to accountable to its stakeholder, public and citizens of country. This
ensures that company must be responsible towards its social, environmental and
economical responsibilities and this become important nowadays to boost the bond of
organisation and society (Roda and Macchi, 2016). In the context of Aldi, this refers to if
company is manufacturing or producing any product and services then they need to
8

consider the consequences of it. As, it might impact negatively and positively on society
so this factor is necessary to consider.
 Technological advancement- As this concerns with improving in the advancement in
technology in market is greatly impact the condition of organisation. In the the context of
Aldi, as when every company in market is focusing on increasing their investment in
technology than it directly impact on business process because they also has to enhance
their investment in technology to compete in market. As this become important to focus
on evaluating the scenario in market and according take the measurable step to improve
its competency.
 Legislative practices- This termed as laws and rules that prevail in every country and
how they influence the productivity and performance of organisation (Ravinder and
Kollikkathara, 2017). In the company Aldi, this factors might influence the decision
making and operations management of organisation as there are certain laws and policies
that need to be consider. As, if increase in interest rate or any major changes in export
policies will hinder the process and influence the profitability of organisation. If
legislative practices are in favourable side for company than it will be beneficial for
organisation and if nor than it might create problem for management policies.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is concluded that Operations management is responsible for
better performance and increase the effectiveness of organisation and maintenance of employees
in such a way to improve the productivity in business process. In this report it difference between
role and characteristics of leader and functions and their similarities, the way in which role of
leader and functions of manager according to their situational context is discussed. Apart from
that apply different leadership theory and discussed key approaches to operations management
and their role in leader and manager is evaluated. Importance and value of operations
management to achieve the objective and assess the business environment factors that influence
the operations management and decision making of managers.
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