Role and Characteristics of Leader and Manager in Management and Operations

This document discusses the role and characteristics of leaders and managers in the context of management and operations. It explores different theories and models that affect operations management in M&S plc. The document also covers the key approaches to operation management and the roles that managers and leaders play. Additionally, it highlights the importance and value of operational management in achieving business objectives.

Management and
operations
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TABLE OF CONTENT
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO1..................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Role and characteristics of leader and manger..............................................................3
P3 Role of leader and role of manager in various situational contexts............................5
LO2..................................................................................................................................................5
P3 Different theories and models of approach that affect operations management in
M&S plc......................................................................................................................................5
LO3..................................................................................................................................................7
P4 Key approaches to operation management and roles that manager and leaders
plays............................................................................................................................................7
P5 Importance and value of operational management in achieving objectives of
business......................................................................................................................................8
LO4................................................................................................................................................10
P6 Different factors of business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision making of leaders and manager...........................................10
CONCLUSION.............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCE...............................................................................................................................12
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INTRODUCTION
Management and operations are considered are one of the most important
business development concept which enables companies to bring larger success and
strong visionary operations with strong efficiency in the dynamic business world. M&S is
one of the most high developed retail companies into UK industry where all production
standards are innovative and highly technology advanced with stronger working
hemispheres and higher goodwill along with profitability. The report has concluded role
of leaders and manager who are working within business segments at M&S where all
focus is towards building higher relative strength and to achieve longer working
hemispheres. Further there is also conclusion of theories and procedures of operational
management within M&S along with operational management in achieving operational
management in achieving higher objectives of business. Further there is conclusion of
factors of business environment that impact upon strong operational management and
decision making factors of leaders and managers working within strong business
factors. The report has concluded M & S business functioning parameters to gain larger
strength and to develop stronger strength for more progressive working paradigms for
higher productivity.
LO1
P1 Role and characteristics of leader and manger
M&S company is one of the most high retail company into industry offering
various high innovative products and services for gaining high customer value along
with strong world parameters. The role and characteristics of leader and manager can
be understood as high vivid focus growth factor which can be further delivered onto
larger paradigms and to bring on developed business world higher profitability and
stronger goodwill. The role of leader is to bring on motivation and supervision among
teams where employees are directed to bring on stronger synergy where the role of
leader is one of the most important for gaining larger working hemispheres. Leader
works as one of the most high developed working role to bring on stronger vision among
all factors where the higher rational synergy will be focused to bring higher innovation at
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work with technical advancement and higher yield for keen developed working strength.
Leader at M&S has been one of the most important business objective functional role to
develop longer vision among employees to rationally bring company roles closer with all
determinants highly stronger. Leadership style is highly influential to keep employees
working with large working roles and focus onto stronger working hemisphere which will
enable in gaining long term position with higher fractional strength (Murphy and Murphy,
2017).
The role of manager is to supervise all determinants and focus onto which higher
technical advancement through which stronger vision can be developed further for long
term development which will proclaim onto more rational synergy. M & S has been
working with best motivational factors by managers who are looking onto new working
paradigms and supervising more rational synergy onto parameters which will make
company bigger onto varied business roles for stronger position. Mangers have role to
bring on more supervision and keenly bring forward various determinants which will
focus on rationally bringing forward best quality standards which will rationally bring
forward best functional keenly energy onto pragmatic steps. M&S Company managers
have been working with strong business paradigms and higher pattern functional ethics
under which company has been working with best rational services and determinants
onto fractional working paradigms which will further add to developed working strength
and large functional strength.
These characteristics and developed working standards onto which role of
manger and role of leader can be analysed further for stronger developed business
functioning, keenly move towards progressive working strengths of M&S which will also
determine stronger business frameworks. Theses determinants also positively impact
upon role of mangers and leaders vision where they are ideally looking upon higher
developed business functionality and enhanced performance delivery onto larger
working hemispheres to built positive working strength and to rationally bring higher
fragmented functional strengths for more progressive rational advancement (Tokarev,
Phillips and Irwing, 2017).
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P3 Role of leader and role of manager in various situational contexts
There has been high functional paradigm and differences within the role of leader
and manager for higher functional strength and leveraged functional strength under
which strong working paradigms will built large focus onto more technical advanced
paradigms. Role of leader can be understood as one of the most pragmatic and highly
functional to bring on strong business functions within the role of employees at M&S
which will not only develop more rational services but also progressively built more
goodwill standards. The role of leader works as one of the most important which will aim
to bring larger working hemispheres and strongly built more progressive working
hemisphere onto larger levels. Leader maintains dynamic training and progressive
working hemisphere among business roles to gain strong working hemispheres at work
within M&S to develop larger vision onto stronger paradigms (Glinkowska, 2017).
Whereas manger is highly vivid onto various roles and there has been larger
vision development within the set horizons to bring on more technical advancement
within the system to build strong supervision and rational services paradigms to gain
larger vision onto various paradigms. Role of manager is also highly important and
focused to bring on more stringent emphasis and cater the strong leadership to bring on
more determinants which will keep on more progressive work hemispheres. The
difference beneath these two roles of company at M&S can be understood as one of the
most stringent and highly dynamic to develop strong focus, which will gather higher
fractional working hemispheres. The role of manager cab be understood as to strongly
provide strong supervision and motivation onto various paradigms to build strong focus
and rational synergy to potentially bring larger working vision among all employees. The
role of manager and leader can be understood within M&S to be highly developed and
rational to bring on more productive working hemisphere but also work onto more
stringent working hemisphere for larger vision and developed strong profitability (Tyler,
2020).
LO2
P3 Different theories and models of approach that affect operations management in
M&S plc
Situational leadership can be defined as the type of leadership whereas leader
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adjust their leadership style accordance situation of the staff and motivates them to
achieve common goal of the company. With the situational leadership, leader constantly
change in their leadership styles to fulfil the needs of individuals in the business based
on the situation. It comprises four types leadership styles i.e. telling and directing,
selling and coaching, participating and supporting, assigning to staff. Operation
manager makes decision own by own and informs it’s staff in the company of the
decision and directs them how to achieve goal of the company. In other word, operation
manager adapts director style who directs their staff on time so that they work in right
direction. Selling and coaching is the second leadership style that supports manager to
become good trainer (Bocken, 2017). With the leadership style, operation manager
involves group of people or staff in the decision-making process and encourages them
to keep their viewpoints. Thus, manager gives values to the team member in the
organization. Operation manager of M&S company conducts employee orientation
program that improves individual’s performance in the organization.
This leadership style works well with others who does not have experience or
lacs behind skills then it gives chance to individual to enhance a set of skills and self-
esteem as well. Participating and supporting is another leadership style that helps
motivates staff to give high performance in the workplace and influences their working
efficiency. With the leadership style, operation manager enables to build good
relationship with staff effectively and encourage to achieve large number of tasks in
minimum time. On the other hand, delegating leadership style is essential for the that
situation when staff unable to take proper responsibilities. Operation management
delegates number of tasks among the staff effectively and monitors individual
performance effectively in the organization. Situational leadership possess few
drawbacks such as operation management of M&S can affect with this kind leadership
because here leader adapts different styles of leadership on different situations. The
current issue of the company whereas it faces the issue to maintain brand image in the
global market as top performing company. In that case, situational leadership plays
effectively role in the following situations.
System leadership refers as a set of skills and potential that individuals can use
to stimulate, enable and assists the process of system. It comprises collaborative
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leadership, coalition-building and system that directs to innovation (Solutions and Belt,
2017). This leadership style enables individuals or leaders in the company to develop
the such kind working environment whereas people can work productively at all level
and meets organization’s goal over the time period. With the leadership, operation
manager controls the working of staff and interact the situation of the business and
develops individuals to work as per the requirement of the company i.e. M&S. This
leadership style helps company to get sustainable business performance in the
business market.
Contingency leadership is one of the most attractive leadership styles that is
dependent on matching a leader’s style with right situation (Islam, 2016). This
leadership style plays effective role in the workplace because it supports leader to
determine challenges and opportunities in the workplace and overcome challenges by
adapting right leadership style. With the leadership, operation management sets
objectives of the company to influence brand performance in the business market. it
comprises managers and staff in decision-making process for meeting the task. It brings
motivation among the staff along with the feeling that they are being valuable in the
business and can achieve high efficiency in the working. Thus, contingency leadership
style supports Marks and Spencer to meet it’s objectives over the time. The major
drawback of the leadership is that to adapt this leadership style successful in the
organization requires expertise along with good leadership qualities then company can
be benefited in it’s business.
LO3
P4 Key approaches to operation management and roles that manager and leaders
plays
There are various approaches of the operation management that supports in
examining the situation in the business and takes action accordingly. Approaches’ are
described as follows:
Total quality Time (TQM)
It is primary approach of the operation management that supports in planning for
prolong period of time to achieve success. The main goal of the approach is to generate
high profit in the organization over the time period. It also assists in maintaining quality
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with the price of goods and services that are offered by the M&S (Tarasanski, 2017).
Just in time inventory
It is second approach of operation management that supports to focus on the
process of production or supplying process. This approach helps company to maintain
inventory in optimum quantity which meets targeted customer objectives. With the
approach, operation manager obtains the desirable result that set earlier in planning.
This method helps to decline high wastage of resources or goods and uses them with
it’s full potential.
Thus, both just in time inventory of operation management helps company to get
sustainable position in the business market and builds customer trust on the brand and
it’s product.
Roles of leader and manager
Managers plays essential role in the organization such as they recruit skilful and talent
applicant and selects them for the vacant position accordingly their skills and
knowledge. Manager oversees all function of the staff member which they perform in
the workplace (Taylor, 2019). In addition, they also monitor that activities are done on
time with the expected results or not.
Roles of leaders
The main role of the leader is to examine the needs and expectation of the staff
and inspires them by meeting their objectives in the workplace. leaders are flexible with
the time so that individuals do not feel high stress and improves productivity of them in
the workplace.
P5 Importance and value of operational management in achieving objectives of
business
Operational management is a process or function in the organisation that is
responsible for delivery of products and services within limited time frame. It helps in
effective and efficient conversation of raw material into finished products and services
so that best outcome can be given to end users of company (Mou, Robb and
DeHoratius, 2018). Marks and Spencer objectives is to earn more and more profit
margin through rendering better and qualitative services to customers. Therefore, it can
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be stated there are various importance and value of operational management in
achieving Marks and Spencer goals and objectives are as follows:
Increase profitability: Operational manager of Marks and Spencer through effectively
utilising resources and maintaining qualities of products and services able to enhance
profitability and market share of firm. Various training and development programs are
organised by manager of company so that employees can easily adapt to various
changes and helps in achievements of one of the objectives that is profitability. Leaders
of marks and Spencer also contributed towards increasing profitability through
motivating employees to work hard so that firm goals can be achieved.
Improve operation production efficiency: It is another point that state high values
and importance of operation management in marks and Spencer that helped in
achievement of organisational goals. Manager of Marks and Spencer through
supervision and monitoring performance of employees is able to find ways that can be
used to enhance operational efficiency of firm. It find recent trends and development in
technology that can be used in operation so that overall wastage can be reduce and
quality of products can be maintained (Leseure, 2018). On the other hand leaders use
different leadership styles to influence individual to put their best efforts so that task can
be completed and firm can earn more profit margin. Thus, leaders of Marks and
Spencer helped in motivating employees to adapt to various external environmental
changes so that firm can gain competitive advantages.
Build strong brand image of firm: Effective management of operation by manager of
M&S has helped in building strong brand image of firm. Operational manager through
brining continuous innovation and creative styles to manufacture and deliver products
and services to end users able to satisfy needs of customers beyond their expectancy.
On the other hand M&S leaders have also played important roles in coordinating efforts
of different individual towards common goals so that company can fulfil its commitment
and attract existing as well as new customers within organisation.
Optimum utilisation of resources: Operational management helps in optimum
utilisation of available resources through reducing amount of wastage of time, efforts
and cost. Marks and Spencer manager find different method that can save time and
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energy of individual so that it can focus on various activities (Bharara, Sabitha and
Bansal, 2017). Whereas leaders need to provide guidance and effective direction that
helped in saving time and energy of individual and minimise chances of error and
defects. Thus overall it can be stated that operational management helps in
achievements of M&S goals.
LO4
P6 Different factors of business environment that impact upon operational
management and decision making of leaders and manager
There are various factors of business environment such as culture,
organisational structure, ethical practices, satisfaction of stakeholders needs and
availability of resources that impact or influence operational management of Marks and
Spencer. Operational manager and leaders takes decision as per external factors so
that company can grow and sustain in competitive environment. Such as:
Organisation culture: Marks and Spencer have friendly and supportive organisational
culture in which different individual can easily perform their respective task. Operational
manager of Marks and Spencer ensure that such workplace is provide to employees
where they can work in coordinated manner for completion of particular task (Lewis,
2019). Leaders also ensure that employees have good relationship with each other and
try to resolve conflict between them so that they can work hard.
Availability of resources: Operational manager has to ensure that sufficient resources
are available within organisation so that employees can focus on their task without any
delay. Due to limited resources in environment operational manager of marks and
Spencer plans different techniques to reduce amount of wastage and optimum
utilisation of products so that standard and qualitative services can be delivered to end
customers or users. Leaders decision is also effected by availability of resources as it
has to make better and effective utilisation so that company can grow and sustain its
business operation.
Preference and needs of customers: It is one of the most changing factors of
business environment that affect operational management as it has to manufacture and
deliver products as per needs of customers. Such as Marks and Spencer manager has
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decided to introduce organic food products range within firm as most of the people are
concerned about their health so it will help company in gaining differentiate positioning
(Chikán and Sprague, 2019). Therefore manager has planned to trained employees or
enhanced their skills so that they can manufacture organic food to meet customers’
requirements. Leaders of Marks and Spencer also have to take decision the way
employees can be directed to perform various activities so that particular outcome can
be achieved.
Development in technology: Operational department has to changes its technology
as per recent trends in environment so marks and Spencer manager find recent
technology that can sued to provide best customers experience. At the same time
leaders plans the way employees can be motivated to use innovative techniques or
adapt changes so that overall profitability and market share of firm can be enhanced.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it can be concluded that in different situation leaders and
manager perform various function so that particular challenged can be effectively faced.
Leaders have special quality to influence individual to work in specific manner so that
qualitative outcome can be gained. At last the report has explained about importance,
value of operational management in achievement of Marks and Spencer objectives.
Leaders and manger through taking decision as per external factors helps in growth and
success of enterprise.
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REFERENCE
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operations management. International Journal of Quality Innovation, 5(1). pp.1-
13.
Glinkowska, B., 2017. Features of the international manager-leader of the near future-
findings of the research. Management. 21(1). pp.120-132.
Islam, K., 2016. Can Ethical Business Strategy Influence Consumers¡¯ Buying Behavior
and Loyalty: Marks and Spencer PLC?. Case Studies in Business and
Management, 3(1), pp.38-63.
Leseure, M., 2018. A critical review of the social dimension of sustainability in
operations management research. Proceedings of the 5th International
EUROMA Sustainable Operations and Supply Chain Management.
Lewis, M. A., 2019. Operations Management: A Research Overview. Routledge.
Mou, S., Robb, D. J. and DeHoratius, N., 2018. Retail store operations: Literature
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Murphy, R. M. and Murphy, K. M., 2017. Manager Vs. Leader: Untying the Gordian
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Knot. Routledge.
Solutions, I. and Belt, G.B., 2017. THE IMPACT OF STRATEGIC MANAGEMENT AND
STRATEGIC THINKING APPROACHES ON BUSINESS PERFORMANCE OF
COMPANIES OPERATING IN THE RETAIL INDUSTRY.
Tarasanski, P., 2017. Brexit: Changing Dynamics of Corporate Financial Risks, Return,
and Performance: Case Companies: BP, Royal Bank of Scotland, Marks &
Spencer, GlaxoSmithKline, EasyJet.
Taylor, A., 2019. An exploratory study of the relationship between job insecurity and
employee engagement focusing on temporary employees in the retailing
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Tokarev, A., Phillips, A. R., and Irwing, P., 2017. Leader dark traits, workplace bullying,
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