Management and Operations - Procter and Gamble
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Added on 2020-10-05
Management and Operations - Procter and Gamble
Added on 2020-10-05
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Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3P1 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager....3TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7P2 Role of a leader and function of manager in different situational contexts......................7P3 Different models and theories of leadership....................................................................8TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10(covered in ppt).....................................................................................................................10TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10P6 Impact of business environmental factors on operational management and decision makingof leaders and managers.......................................................................................................10CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
INTRODUCTIONManagement is the art of getting the people together by properly organizing andcoordinating activities in business in order to achieve goals and objectives of organisation (Boydand Dougherty, 2016). Operation can be defined as conversion of raw material and labours intodesired goods and services with maximum efficiency in its production process. Thereforemanagement and operation is both concerned with production of goods by properly managingand efficiently using resources in order to meet customer requirement and achieve set targets orcompany. In this report chosen organisation is Procter and Gamble (P&G). It is Americanmultinational consumer goods corporation headquartered in Cincinnati, Ohio. It specialises inproviding wide range of personal care and hygiene products, its product portfolio also includesfood, snacks and beverages. This report is going to differentiate roles and functions of leadersand managers in different organisational contexts. It also determines various leadership theoriesand key approaches to operational management which help in achieving business objectives.Along with this, it also describes relationship between leadership and management in businessenvironment and its impact upon operational management and decision-making process.TASK 11 Define and compare the different roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager.Leader is an individual in the organisation who as the ability to lead a group ofindividuals to a common goal or an objective by communicating clear vision of the organisation(Clinton, 2018). Manager is an individual within the organisation who is in charge of certaingroups of tasks for controlling and administering the work of the employees. They areresponsible for controlling employee’s performance in departments as well as guides them towork effectively.Characteristics of LeaderAbility to take right decisions- Leaders have the quality of taking right decisions at theright time. By properly analysing the situation leader takes appropriated decisions whichhelps the organisation to perform functionally. Decisions taken by the leader within thetime frame help to avoid delay in performance of task (Ellitan, 2017).
Ability to delegate- Leaders within the respective organisation need to delegate roles andresponsibilities to its followers according to their skills and capabilities that helps them toperform work effectively.Role of a LeaderIntegrates personal goals with organisational goals- Leader at Procter and Gamblecoordinates the efforts of the people towards a common purpose which helps in achievingbusiness objectives. With the help of leadership traits it helps the leader to integratepersonal goals of the employee with organisational goals which assist them to workefficiently . (Eraki, 2015).Strategy formulation- Leaders within the respective organisation are responsible for theformulation of strategy which needs to be updated according to the situations. Leader atP&G should formulate strategies which help them to remain competitive.Manager is an individual within the respective organisation who is responsible formanaging activities so that resources can be utilised efficiently (Jiang and et.al.,2019). Managerat P&G is responsible for recruiting the talented people and providing them training so thatperson can perform well in business unit (Fan and Zhang, 2015). Characteristics of Manager Communication- Manager at P&G should properly communicate with all its followersand shares all ideas and problems with them which encourages them to performeffectively and creates a healthy work place environment.Problem solving- Manager at P&G should analyse and solve the employees problem byproviding them immediate solutions. This helps to avoid any delay in business operationsand assist in achieving organisational goals (Fan, Liu and Zhang, 2015). Functions of ManagersManager at Procter and Gamble perform five basic functions which are described below-Planning- Manager develops a blue print of plans and policies which helps in properexecution of work and assist in achieving goals and objectives. Organising- Manages have to organise people and their work properly by allocating theresources and by delegating authority and responsibility towards achieving targets.
Staffing- Manager at P&G is responsible for proper hiring of employees who haveappropriate knowledge and skills and allows organisation to achieve its objectives.Leading- Managers leading function includes providing guidance, coaching and trainingto employees which sets direction to achieve desired goals.Controlling- This aids in evaluating and monitoring the performance of employees andif deviations are found corrective actions are taken to make sure plan is on track.Difference between Leaders and managersBasis LeaderManager ApproachA leader sets direction for itsfollowers to achieve desiredoutcomes Manager of an organizationplans details and provide ablueprint which helpsemployees to properly executeits work.SubordinatesLeaders has followers as theirsubordinates.Managers have employees in aworkplace as subordinates.FunctionLeader motivates and guidesits followers in organisation (Han and Idris, 2016) Function of managers is toplan, organise, staff, direct,motivate and control.Authority and powerLeaders have the authority totake decision and implementplans and policies.Manager has the power to plansregarding the policies anddelegate work according toemployee skills and authority.Their are leadership and management approaches that specify role of different positionssuch as-Leadership theoryAction Centred Leadership- This theory of leadership states that leaders have a propercontrol on three main areas such as team, task and individuals. Here leader shouldperform the role of relationship builder, individual has to build moral among employeesand have to emphases on improving quality of work. This leads to increase inproductivity as well as co-operation among the team members.Management theory-
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