Management and Organization Assignment
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Added on 2020-04-15
Management and Organization Assignment
Added on 2020-04-15
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Running head: MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONManagement and OrganizationName of the StudentName of the UniversityAuthor’s note
1MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONThe term management can be defined as the administration of an organization thatinvolves various strategies to accomplish the goal of the organization. Managers of anorganization bear the sole responsibility to manage the organization and its employees. Thestability and success of an Organization are highly dependent on the efficiency of its managers.Hence, from time immemorial, several theories are invented to analyze and evaluate theimportance and requirement to be an efficient manager. While some of the theories giveimportance to educating managers by providing them with knowledge about variousmanagement strategies, according to other theories, practices and on-field knowledge ofmanagers is more effective than academic knowledge. In this essay, the argument is about theapproach of classical management theories which are overly rigid and technological. Theargument also includes the relevancy and implementation of these theories of practicalmanagement purposes in this era of modernization. Finally, it has been concluded that in spite ofbeing relevant these theories are not enough to solve the various issues faced by the managers inpractical situation and hence there remains a gap which needs to be filled up by implementingmore critical managerial literature. Mahmood, Basharat and Bashir (2012) stated that since management is the key toachieve aims and objectives of an organization, a manager should have proper knowledge ofmanagement theories. Management theories can be segregated into three major theories, namely,classical, situational and behavioral management theory. Classical management theories dealwith bureaucratic, scientific and admistrative theories. According to the author, sinceorganization faces a lot of challenges in this era of modernization, knowledge of classicmanagement theories is a basic requirement of managers of organizations to cope up with thechallenges that includes economical and efficient uses of sources of maximum output andcompetition in the market. According to Fry and Raadschelders (2013), several theories areimplemented by managers to increase service quality and organizational productivity. Accordingto Max Weber, bureaucratic theory of management is one of the most efficient ways toadministrate an organization. This strategy of management involves an organizational structure which is characterizedby several rules, procedures, needs, standardized process, meticulous division of responsibilitiesand labor along with prominent hierarchies and restriction on personal interaction between
2MANAGEMENT AND ORGANISATIONemployees. The author stated, bureaucracy management strategy does impose several beneficialimpacts on the organization like development of employee specialization, efficient structure,rationality, democracy and predictability. However, Waal and Kourtit (2013) argued thatalthough bureaucratic theory of management helps an organization to achieve short time goals, itoften offers hindrance in achieving a long time goal by the organization. One of the major issuesof this management strategy is rigidity. Inflexible and rigid rules and regulations discouragecreativity and initiative of the employees. Not only this, strategy is often used as a reason to avoid responsibility for failures. It alsoresults in goal displacement since employees in lower level give priorities to their personalobjectives rather than the overall objective of the organization. Besides that an organizationfollowing beurocratic management strategy gives importance to the rules and regulations whichhinders employees’ requirement and emotions. Considering the fact that beurocracy involvesexcessive paper work, in this era of modernization, it is nothing but wastage of time, space andstationary (Bratton and Gold 2012). Hence, it can be concluded that now a days, managementshould have an efficient work life balance and work environment that can attract talentedemployees. These features cannot be provided if rigid management strategy like bureaucraticstrategy is followed. Morden (2017) stated that there are fourteen major principles of management that can beimplemented by managers in order to manage employees in an organization. Prior to the age ofinternet, there were very less amount of tools that could help the managers to manage anorganization. However, Henry Fayol was the first to introduce scientific management whichincludes 14 principles of management namely, division of work, discipline, unity of command,authority and responsibility, unity of direction, the degree of centralization, scalar chain,remuneration, subordination of individual interest, order, equity, stability of tenure of personnel,initiative, espit de corps. These 14 principles not only facilitate organizational management butalso are considered as efficient tools for decision-making, controlling, coordinating, forecastingand planning process management. Division involves breaking up the work in order to enhancepractice and familiarity through repetition while authority means the right of the managers togive order to the employees with responsibility (Shafritz, Ott and Jang 2015). The principle ofdiscipline involves respect of both formal and informal rules and regulations by all members of
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