Management Operation Report

This report analyzes the role of leaders and managers in the operational function of Marks & Spencer, a major British multinational retailer. It explores how leadership and management styles impact operational efficiency, customer satisfaction, and sustainability within the contemporary business environment. The report also analyzes the application of various management theories, including TQM, lean production, and queuing theory, in the context of M&S's operations.

Management Operation

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS.................................................................................................................2
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
LO3..................................................................................................................................................3
Presenting the contribution of roles leaders and managers in the operation function of an
organization............................................................................................................................3
LO4..................................................................................................................................................4
Presenting different dimensions of contemporary business environment..............................4
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
In the recent times, business units lay more emphasis on managing operational aspects by
developing strategic or competent policy framework. The present report is based on Marks & Spencer
which falls under the category of major British multinational retailer. It offers wide range of retail
products or services to the customers. This project will shed light on the role which manager and
leaders play for the purpose of operational management. In this, report will provide deeper insight
about the relationship takes place between leadership and management in the context of contemporary
business environment.
LO3
Presenting the contribution of roles leaders and managers in the operation function of an organization
Success of any company and organization depends on its functioning conducted by its
management. Hence, in the context of business unit, management plays an important role to achieve
operational optimality.
Leaders and managers perform several functions at operational level such as:
 Controlling all the operational tasks and distribution of it,
 Conversion of raw material into finished goods,
 Designing the processes of operation,
 Management of capacity of an organization,
 Logistics management and management of inventory,
 Preparing the schedule of operation,
There are several theories such as six sigma and queuing etc which M&S can use for ensuring
operational efficiency. In the emerging global competitive world, management of various
organization are achieving efficiency in operational and surviving in this competitive era by using
various techniques.
Here, the role of leaders and managers in the operations function are explained in the context
of Marks and Spencer established by Michael Marks and Tom Spencer which is the well known
company dealing in clothes, eatables, cook wares etc. M&S are using TQM for its functioning.
 First of all managers ensure the availability if raw material in the plant where production to be
produced so management of supplier has to be done by management of inbound logistics.

 After the raw material management, operation managers have to design of process of
production which reduces the cost and saves time. Marks and Spencer follows the scheduling
of process of production in which no work station should be idle.
 Managers and leaders have to ensure about the quality of their production which simply means
zero defect. Quality management is sum total of its attributes and features of a product that
satisfy the requirement of customer (Maylor and et.al., 2018). Quality is the attribute which
can be measure in the context of six sigma. Managers ensures that quality should be in process
rather than in output. So scheduling, and designing of production is done.
 At the time of operations various approaches are used by M&S TQM mainly which involves
the all level management in quality control in every aspect of a vision of the organization.
Good quality have an effect on reduction in the cost, wastage of raw material and issues.
 Only doing a quality production is not enough to remain competitive, its distribution channel
should be properly selected and whole outbound logistic system have an impact on image of an
organization which includes storage and distribution of goods to the final consumer (Tatsuta,
2018). Outbound logistic can be such as outlets and retail shops from where consumer can buy
conveniently.
 Marks and Spencer have a proper system of in-store purchasing, purchasing through house
catalog, online purchasing, just click and receive facility etc.
For example: M&S company keeps investing in storing places such as warehouse and has
recently invested in warehousing in Bradford, in which automatic distribution facility would be
provided and this company also considering merging small warehouse for betterment of supply chain
management.
Managers and leaders play an important role in setting a best customer relationship with
customers. Managerial policy and behavioral strategy helps in attracting new customer and retaining
prominent customer. The six sigma theory is perfectly applied by M&S so that efficiency can be
attained in a better way. Manufacturing and business processes are integrated and enhanced with the
help of such theory and thus, business operational activities are achieved with ease. Manager and
leader both have responsibilities by which business helps to accomplish effective operations and able
to satisfy customers up to a high extent.
Lean production is also used by M&S so that company may be able to reduce waste by
ensuring quality of products are not compromised. Hence, necessary production can be accomplished.

Queuing theory is used so as to manage time of goods waiting for getting services. This helps to
produce desire items within stipulated time by organization.
LO4
Presenting different dimensions of contemporary business environment
Leadership is working style in way of influencing, motivating other to get the task done in the
right way. Management means that to manage something to get efficiency and effectiveness in any
task. On the other side, contemporary business environment refers to the current competitive era in
which business performs their activities under great pressure cut thought competition to sustain.
Corporate social responsibility and sustainability: This responsibility must be fulfilled by
organization to maintain sustainability and to survive in the society. In the context of M&S, manager
can make various policies about it but a good leadership skill can help the organization in execution of
CSR activity. In this organization have to ensure the optimum utilization of human resource.
Management can offer a good working condition, initiatives taken for increasing their living standard
such as employment opportunity for local areas people (Kim and Cho, 2018). For sustainability now
management is adopting the green marketing in which all the function of management are performed
and resources are used efficiently without jeopardizing the benefits for future generation. Management
can take care about the smoke controlling and waste management for pollution control. The CSR are
effectively adopted by management and leader in M&S so as to provide quality goods and services to
customers up too major extent. Plan A has been implemented by organization helping 75,000
employees and 2000 suppliers to maintain activities and taking trans fats out of the meal, thereby,
minimizing energy usage and promoting fair trade in the country. This has helped M&S to restructure
its operational activities in effective manner.
Culture, value and ethics: From assessment, it has identified that leaders and managers play a
vital role in building prominent culture, values and ethics within the business unit. Business ethics are
rules and norms on which business is conducted. Business culture and business values are based on the
top management's vision and policies. Basically managers should have the quality to lead as in the
competitive environment and specially in marketing and promotional activities (Akhtar and et.al.,
2018). Mostly the communication style and methodology are used in targeting customer i.e.
segmenting the market. M&S have created a specific culture and value that's why it is a long run
surviving company.

In any organization there is most important area is the satisfaction of the expectation of the
stakeholders. Leaders and managers encourage those stakeholders to work integrally. For these
companies makes the project for internal development of business. In the contemporary business
environment relationship between management and leadership can be understood in the context of
sustaining entrepreneurship and intrapreneurship. Entrepreneurship can be implied as doing a new
business at new concept and strategy own your own with limited resources. In this a great degree of
leadership quality persuasion skill is required with management skill so here both are so relatable.
Culture, value and ethics are important part of an organization. Objectives are set up by manager of
M&S and is persuaded by leaders so as to give it a concrete shape making it beneficial for company.
Management purely focuses on things to make them accurate. On the other hand, leaders in
organization focuses on human resources in order to carry out work. Hence, both leaders and manager
have different approaches and dimensions in business environment.
Other term is intrapreneurship which a new concept in a corporate world and recently accepted
by various organization. Intrapreneurship means that to identify the entrepreneurial attributes of the
employees and focusing on that for their development (Davis and Bailey, 2018). These both concepts
can contribute in the development of human being which ultimate tends to grow a society. So
relationship between management and leadership is interdependent and inter-related. They both are
simultaneously used in almost areas.
CONCLUSION
By summing up this report, it has been concluded that managers and leaders of M&S positively
contributes in the aspects of operational management. It can be summarized from the report that M&S
undertakes TQM approach for ensuring better quality of offerings.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Akhtar, P. and et.al., 2018. Essential micro‐foundations for contemporary business operations: Top
management tangible competencies, relationship‐based business networks and environmental
sustainability. British Journal of Management. 29(1). pp.43-62.
Davis, C. and Bailey, D., 2018. Police leadership: the challenges for developing contemporary
practice. International Journal of Emergency Services. 7(1). pp.13-23.
Kim, Y .C. and Cho, M. T., 2018. ICT-Based Integrated Operation Management System Design and
Plant Growth Monitoring System Development. Engineering Design Applications. 92. p.55.
Maylor, H. and et.al., 2018. Old theories, new contexts: extending operations management theories to
projects. International Journal of Operations & Production Management. 38(6). pp.1274-1288.
Tatsuta, A., 2018. Network operation management system, network operation management apparatus,
and network operation management method. 9,992,059.