Management and Operation: Roles of Leaders and Managers

This report discusses the role of leaders and managers in management and operation, focusing on Asda as a case study. It covers the importance of leadership and management in achieving organizational goals, as well as the key approaches to operation management. The report also explores the value of operation management in improving productivity and profitability.

Management and
Operation

INTRODUCTION.....................................................................................................................................3
TASK 2.......................................................................................................................................................3
P1 Role of leader and function of manager..............................................................................................3
P2. How are roles of leaders and managers applicable in various situations............................................4
TASK 3.......................................................................................................................................................8
P4 Key approaches to operation management.........................................................................................8
P5 Value of operation management.......................................................................................................10
TASK 4.....................................................................................................................................................10
P6 Factors within business environment................................................................................................10
CONCLUSION.........................................................................................................................................11
REFERNCES...........................................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Management and operation plays a vital role in the growth and development of company
as it deal with a process of transformation of input into usable output that generate value to
organization as well as to customers (Williams, 2015).Along with this, it is essentially carried
with an aim of to perform efficient utilization of minimum resources to meet optimum customer
requirements. This report is based on Asda, which is one of the leadingandmultinational retailer
and it is commenced in the year of 1949. It is headquartered at West Yorkshire, England. In this
study, it covers role and function leader and manager, importance and approaches of operation
management, application of various leadership theories is also mentioned here.
TASK 2
P1 Role of leader and function of manager
Leadership and management are two distinctive and complementary system of action as
each one of them contains their own set of roles and characteristics which makes them different
from each other.However, for acquiring sustainable profitability, these two aspects must go hand
in hand and provide their full contribution towards the accomplishment of goals and objective in
an effective and productive manner. Hence, leadership is the action of leading, inspiring,
motivating and encouraging a group of individuals to pursuit a firm common goal on the other
hand management ids a process of dealing with or controlling employees or manpower in order
to achieve firm’s objective within prescribed time limit.Some of the role of Asda’s leader and
function of manager within business function are as given below:
Role of leader
Providing direction: Inan organization, there is different kinds of personnel which makes
theway to arise conflict of miscommunication or interest and it directly impact over Asda
operation and productivity. However, firm leader render proper guidance andgive all relevant
information which helps them to generate healthy working condition as well as enable Asda to
improve their profitability ratio in an impressive manner. For e.g. in today’s scenario of
marketplace, demand or trends are changing on frequent basis which effect Asda’s volume of
sales. In order to cope with this issue, Asdaimplement a strategic decision to meet the changes or

challenges which occurred in an industry that enable them to acquire innovative technologies
which lead them to obtain profit maximization.
Align employees: Under this, leader takes an initiative to provide all communication with
transparency in nature as well as examines each personnel potentiality in order to assign their
own role sand responsibilities which help Asda’s workforce to put their full contribution towards
the attainment of high level of productivity and proficiency rate.For e.g. being a reputed brand,
expanding business function to new geographical region is driving force to Asda growth.
Forachieving the same, its leader adapts democratic leadership that allow them to encourage its
personnel to provide their views r opinion regarding exploring business function. By this they
can attain increased level of profit margin and can gain competitive advantage.
Function of manager
Coordinate and control:Under this, manager measures results against plans by
establishingcertain standard and evaluate the performance, based on produced outcome Asda
manager make corrective course of action that led them to increase their sales growth and profit
margin. Moreover, they facilitate problem solving which is a continuous cycle in order to
accomplish firm objective productively without any hindrances or obstacle.
Organize:In this, Asda manager create and establish structure to accomplish defined set of plan
which they communicate it to employees and keep reinforcing it. Furthermore, they develops
staffing and assign responsibilities by finding best fit between people and task as well as
implement policies, procedures or system to monitor company’s progress in order to survive
among industry for a longer period of time.
Thus, it has been stated that leader and manager are two different concept or element as
they are interlinked with each other which motivates them to give accurate coordination and
cooperation for achievingfirm’s objective and profitability ratio within given time period in an
effective and competent manner.
TASK 2
P2. How are roles of leaders and managers applicable in various situations.
In an organization there are different types of services that are conducted by organization.
For this it is essential for business organization to create different types of business strategies as

to compete rivals (Plesser, 2014). For this managers and leaders of Asda are required to formulate
plan for which accomplishment of roles and responsibilities can be done in well effective
manner. In addition with this it is essential for leaders and managers of Asda to accomplish the
work in a coordinating manner as to deal with Complex situations in well effective manner.
Mentioned below there are some critical situation in context with Asda:
Team building it is one of the most essential task which is accomplished by leaders and
managers in this it is essential for organization to make the employees work in a team as to
utilize their skills and abilities in well effective manner. Managers of Asda take advantage of
autocratic form of style in order to work their employees in a team in this managers direct team
members towards more effective performance. While leaders within Asda, try to build trust in
the subordinates with the help of which they create a positive and healthy work environment
within business organization. With the help of team building practices Leaders and managers can
effectively able to increase creativity among their employees
Project management business organization success is mainly depend on the manner in
which the executive projects as it is essential to manage task as per according to time and
business strategies. In context with Asda it is essential for company to utilize their resources in a
well effective way as effectively accomplish organizational objective. For this it is essential for
managers to assign roles and responsibilities to employees as per record into their skills and
abilities. While in regard with leaders then as it is essential for them to monitor performance and
further provide them training sessions in order to increase their skills and increase business
competitiveness.
P3 Different leadership theories and models
For acquiring high level of profitability and productivity, every leader should be capable
of creating healthy working condition which add value to Asda reputation among
competitors.Hence, leadership models plays a crucial role in an organization as it guides leaders
by providing specific code of behavior in order to handle company’s complex situation which
lead them to improve their overall performance of company in an effective and productive
manner. Each of the models or approaches contain their own strength and weakness which
reflects that they are unique in nature. That is reason, superior should be smart and flexible in

nature in order to make use available resources in an appropriate way.There are various kinds of
leadership models which Asda applies into their business function is given below:
Situational: It is regarded as adaptiveleadership style as it motivates or inspires leaders to take
stock of their team members, measure several variables in a workplace and based on that they
make corrective course which enable them to obtain better profit margin without any
obstacle.Moreover, it assist Asda leaders to remain positive in worst or disturbed situation as
well as allow them to encourage its manpower to give their full contribution towards the
achievement of business vision or mission within prescribed time limit in an impressive or
productive style.Some of its advantages and disadvantages are as follows:
Strength Weakness
 It helps leader to analyze the situation
very carefully as well as allows them
to make best strategic section (Idris,
2016).
 It is considered one of the simple
model to apply or pursue within an
organization because it provide
clarification in information that build a
better working atmosphere.
 It is mainly focus more on immediate
needs than long term requirements
which sometime create dissatisfaction
among employees and directly
influence over companiesproficiency
level.
 It is more difficult for task oriented or
heavily regimented managers as these
type of individuals may struggle to
remain flexible and adaptive to
situations that could benefit from more
developing strategies for workforce
and dissuade them to come up
important information regarding
company and its work.
System:It is signifies with those type of leadership style which goes beyond partnering or
cooperation but rather concentrate on putting effort to encourage diverse culture personnel to
work together in such a manner which lead an organization to enhance their business

productivity and profit margin in an impressive way.Along with this, it crosses boundaries in
terms of physical and virtual, that exist simultaneously in multiple dimensions. It therefore
expands individual leaders well beyond usual limits of their formalresponsibilities andauthority.
Some of its advantages and disadvantages is described below:
Pros Cons
 It explores company’s productivity as
well as the potentiality of adaptability
to different environmental changes
which helps them to deal with
complex threats or challenges and
enable them to develop best decision
in order to gain competitive
advantage.
 It assist leader to focus on
accomplishing individuals as well as
overall goals and also helps them to
centering over multiple dimension of
management.
 It is much productive to smaller
organizations as it assumes majority of
businesses are big, complex and open
system.
 There is probability of not being
always in practical and it leads to
delay in decisionmaking.
Contingency:This theory is mainly emphasizes that effectiveness of leadership is dependent on
matching a leader style to business complex situation and thus it states that there is no best type
of leadership style. Moreover it suggests that leader falls under two different categories i.e. task
and people oriented so it is a capability of an individual to maintain a work life balance among
company working culture. Some of its positive and negative effects are mentioned below:
Advantages Disadvantages
 This approach is dynamic in nature as
it changes according to situations and
also allow leader to modify policies
based on issues which enhance their
leadership and decision making skill.
 It contains complex approach that
becomes difficult in handling practical
issues as it create a minor issue into
big problem which may disturbs firm
working ambiance.

 It enable leaders to encourages its
employees to take participate in
business activities that boost their
morale and strengthens firm’s
proficiency.
 It is more reactive rather than
proactive that arise a possibility of
dissatisfaction and grievance among
manpower and it directly reflect to
organization productivity.
From the above explained various leadership approaches, system leadership is more
useful for Asdaas it helps them to achieve their objective in a productive manner within
prescribed time period.
TASK 3
P4 Key approaches to operation management
Operations management is a business function that plays a vital role within an
organization as it is related with converting raw materials into useful finished products or
services with a motive to optimum utilization of resources in order to obtain maximization of
profit in an impressive and productive way (Fan, Liu and Zhang, 2015). Moreover, operation
management ensures careful and precise utilization of resources, including cost effective
decision making and significant waste reduction. However, there are some approaches which
Asda applies in their business activities for attaining high level of productivity which is given
below:
Total Quality Management:
Total quality management is an approach that is considered by organization whose main
objective is to maintain quality. In context with Asda Company always ensure that they have
loyal customers that further helps in increasing organization brand image for long time. For this
it is essential to have efforts from all employees in order to control wastage and increase product
quality. In addition with thus, total quality management effectively lead towards formulating
well defined organizational culture within Asda with the help of which promotion of operational
excellence is formulated across the Enterprise:
Role played by leaders

In Asda leaders play pervasive role within which they encourage employees in different
levels, functions and departments as to take advantage of productive techniques (Wang, Jie, and
Abareshi, 2015).
Role played by managers
Managers within Asda play the role of tracking the performance of employees with the
help of which they evaluate variance in between actual and desirable output for this manager
take advantage of rigid policies and procedures.
Just in Time:
With the help of just in time approach Organization in sure towards reducing the delay at
are caused production and material process as to convert time into final good. Just in time
approach is being considered by Asda leaders and managers in order to conduct inventory
management in well effective manner. In this method lean methodology is being used as to
increase the existing performance of individual along with organization just in time approach
mainly emphasizes on reduction in cost associated with inventory management addition with
reducing possibility of dead stock.
Lean Production:
It is a systematic procedure which takes into consideration high level of production and
expenditure of the resources in order to take up the goals rather than creating value for the same.
This is because, its main target attached with lean manufacturing which signifies to elimination
of wastage of products and provide increased level of customer satisfaction that add value to
Asda brand image within competitive marketplace. Moreover, it is not only concerns with
decreasing operational cost but also target to boost, restore and significantly raise the
competitiveness of company.
Six Sigma:
It is defined and disciplined business methodology to increase customer satisfaction and
profitability by streamlining operations, improving quality and eliminating defects within firm’s
wide process.

P5 Value of operation management
Operation management is a formative process which is linked with production process
within a company is process includes different types of Management activities such as planning,
organizing, controlling and monitoring (Ellitan, 2017). In context with Asda operation
management effectively ensure that organization have best effective and qualitative products and
services manufactured within entity with the help of which they can effectively able to satisfy
customers demand:
Reduction of cost:
Reduction of cost operation management is one of the effective tools with the help of
which elimination of unnecessary cost with Asda can be effectively eliminated. For this
managers within company analyze creative and unique measures with the help of which they can
effectively able to reduce cost of operations. Along with this leaders Asda also motivate their
workforce as to make them accomplish their work in a timely manner further they also provide
training at regular intervals.
Enhancing overall productivity:
Productivity is one of the most important aspects in every business organization.
Manager and leaders within Asda also give special consideration to enhancing overall
productivity as to increase organizational profitability. For this, they lead employees to
accomplish the task in well effective manner within proper course of time. Main object of that
has been hold by operation manager in this is to take advantage of those activities with the help
of which productivity of employees and organization can be increased. While, leaders perform
role to create a positive and healthy working atmosphere as to increase employee’s performance.
TASK 4
P6 Factors within business environment
Internal Factors
Employees:
They are considered as most important asset in an organization as with the help of this
timely production takes place within Asda. In company manager hold the responsibilities to

recruit employees who hold potential capabilities to conduct activities in a very effective manner
with the help of age organization can gain more competitive advantage (Boyd and Dougherty,
2016).
Owners (Shareholders):
They are those individual who make investment in Organization in order to gain certain
profit ratio. In context with Asda it is essential for managers to make rules and policies for
organization and make alterations as per according to new demand. If both leaders and
management take help of decision making process in a coordinating manner then it will lead
towards increasing profitability ratio of company with the help of which more individuals are
influenced towards buying organization share.
CONCLUSION
It has been summarized from the above explained report that managementand operation
plays a crucial role in an organization as it considered as heart of company. Along with this, its
key focal point is to reduce wastage of product in order to obtain high level of profit
maximization. Moreover, leader and manager are two different component of company who
inspire, influence and manage the entire business operation to accomplish firm goal or objective
in an appropriate way. There are several leadership theories which act as an effective guidance to
company in order to gain competitive advantage.Apart from this, various approaches of
operational management enable firm to make use of available resources to control over wastage f
product and render best quality of service that helps them to acquire organizational pre-
determined goal in an innovative or creative style within prescribed time period.

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