Operations Management and Control Systems

The provided assignment is related to the topic of operations management and control systems. It includes various research papers on topics such as power system dynamics, leadership role occupancy, and buffer management in flash-based systems. The assignment also provides a brief overview of operations management, including its definition, principles, activities, trends, and SWOT analysis. This suggests that the assignment is focused on understanding the concepts and practices involved in managing and controlling complex systems.

Management & Operations

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1...........................................................................................................................................1
P1 Compare different characteristics and roles of manager and also leader...............................1
M1 Analyse and difference among role of leader and function of manger.................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
P2 Function of manager and role of leader in different situations..............................................3
P3 Different theories and models of approach related to leadership in Austin Fraser................4
M2 Weaknesses and strengths of different approaches..............................................................5
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P4 Approaches to operations management and role that managers and leaders play.................7
P5 Significance and value of operations management................................................................8
M3 Manager and leaders can rising effectiveness of operational management..........................8
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................9
P6 Factors with in business environment that affect on operational management.....................9
M4 Various factors impact on business environment...............................................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Operations management is obsessed with planning, organising, controlling and also
supervising in field the of manufacturing, production, providing services and goods. It is an
administration of all practices related to business for developing high efficiency level in a best
possible way in an organisation. Austin Fraser is a small business enterprise(Bahn, 2013). It
provides its services in the field of life sciences, engineering, Information Technology etc. In this
present business report mentions about the comparison among characteristics and also roles of
manager and a leader. The function of manager and role of leader is different in various
particular situations. Austin Fraser Company applies various types of theories and also models of
approaches such as contingency, systems and situational leadership. In this report also mentions
about the different approaches related to operations management and significance of operations.
TASK 1
P1 Compare different characteristics and roles of manager and also leader
Manager is that person who is responsible for monitoring and also controlling the tasks,
activities and business operation in an organisation. In Austin Fraser, all staff members report to
manager. In this business organisation, main and important work of manager is recruiting and
staffing, provide training to employees, to deal with the problems of staff related to performance,
take any decision effectively etc. On the other hand, leader is also an essential part in an
organisation (Bhagat, Bolton and Subramanian, 2011). A leader is an individual who control and
also an in charge of its team activities. This person motivates or increase morale of its
employees, so that they can perform well. The roles of manager and leaders are different. Some
important roles of managers given below as above:
Provide training- It is important and most necessary role of manager in Austin Fraser.
Manager gives training to its current as well as new staff members for maximising the
knowledge, skills and also capabilities. It will helps in enhancing the morale and job satisfaction
level of employees. They will try to give their best performance.
Monitoring and controlling- It is the duty of manager to monitor and also control all
business activities or operations. If there is any problem arise at workplace, then in this case,
manager has to solve them out.
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Motivate- For increasing the job satisfaction level and also enhancing the working
performance, manager should motivate its staff members. Motivate can be from promotion,
performance appraisal, resolve their issues etc.
Better communication- Manager should communicate with its employees in a proper
manner. In Austin Fraser business firm, manager interact with workers, listen and solve their
issues in an efficient manner and also include them in the decision making process.
There are some roles of leader given below:
Team building- The major role of leader is to motivate employees to work in a team with
any dispute (Buch, Martinsen and Kuvaas, 2015). Leader should understand the importance of
team work to its team members. From working in a team, staff members will work in a proper
time period and also understand each other. The leader of Austin Fraser business organisation,
always motivate its employees to work together.
Require at all levels- It is an important function, that is necessary at each level. In Austin
Fraser at top level, leadership is necessary for the purpose of co- operation in developing new
policies and also plans. At middle level and the lower level, it is necessary for implement those
plans and policies which are formulated through the top level. It can exercised by the counselling
and understand about new policies to employees at the time of implementation.
Solicits supports- It is a person who supports its staff members and also cooperate with
them. Leaders should be good skills, personality, experience and also intelligence which helps in
creating the positive result at workplace (Castro and Tomàs, 2011). In cited organisation, leader
suggests and guide its team members a beat and possible way to achieve target.
Characteristics of Leaders and Managers
Positive attitude- It is necessary that manager and a leader should think positive, so that
they can create the positive working environment. They should increase the morale of its team
members.
Confident- It is important that confidence is necessary for maintaining the morale of a
team and also productivity level. From it, they can solve any kind of issue and also handle its
team members in an effective and efficient manner.
Motivator- In Austin Fraser business organisation, manager and leaders both are good
motivator. They motivate its team members or workers to work by using their good skills and to
enhance the motivation level, manager also provide training of its staff members.
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Creative- In Austin Fraser company, managers and leaders are very creative and have the
ability to find the solution of any kind of problem or in any situation.
M1 Analyse and difference among role of leader and function of manger
In Austin Fraser business organisation, the role and function of a leader and also manager
is different from each other. The role of a leader is to guide its team members, innovative, team
building and many other (Cheng and et. al., 2012). The functions of manger is to hiring and
staffing, execute plans or policies at workplace which is developed by top management, give
training to employees, motivator, monitor and also control activities and operations of business
which can affect on the business. In the cited organisation, there are two types of leaders,
democratic and also laissez free.
TASK 2
P2 Functions of manager and roles of leader in different situations
At workplace, some times different situation arise and manager and leaders has to deal
effectively in different conditions. In Austin Fraser business industry, leader and managers are
work together for accomplishing the objectives and goals of company. Their main focus is on
increasing the motivational level and working efficiency of employees, so that they can complete
target of company in a given period of time. The various functions and role of a leader and
manager in different kind of situations given below as above:
Staff members- They play a necessary role in at workplace. It is the responsibility of
employees to work effectively for achieving the goals of company (Cruz and Marques, 2011). In
Austin Fraser, manager is responsible for hiring those candidates who have goods skills,
knowledge about the job position, capability to do work etc. In the situation of employees, if at
work place, there is dispute arise among employees, then in this case leader and manager both
solve by providing the satisfactory solution.
Customers- They are important for business. The employees of Austin Fraser provides
good quality services to its clients. The main work of this company is to give recruitment as well
as consultancy services. So, by providing recruitment services to its clients, it can satisfy the
needs of them. In context to customers, manager should consult its customers by giving them
good advice. If consumers will be satisfied from the services of company, then it is beneficial for
business.
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Government- Its main role is to developing effective policies, rules and regulations under
which Austin Fraser has to work. Company should not work illegally and unethically. In addition
to it, for conducting business properly, manager should work by following the government
policies, rules and also paid tax in a particular time period.
Society- It impacts a lot on the business activities. Impact can be negative and also can be
positive. In case of society, the function of manager to doing business activities on the basis of
norms, rules, values and beliefs of society and should not conduct any activity which can harm
the society (Gao, Janssen and Shi, 2011). For creating good affect on people of society, this
company gives good consultancy services and also provide job opportunities through recruitment
services to local people. It will helps in increasing the economic level of United Kingdom and
also enhancing the sales of company.
Suppliers- Main duty of supplier is to provide raw materials to company in a proper time
period. In context to it, manager should select a supplier who can provide good quality of raw
material on reasonable cost and in a specific time period. If the cost of raw material will be less,
then from this the manufacture cost will also be reduced.
P3 Different theories and models of approach related to leadership in Austin Fraser
In Austin Fraser business enterprise, there is two types of leader democratic and also
laissez free. Leaders and managers both motivate its team members and help them in doing any
tasks and activities. There are different types of leadership and also management theories which
helps in enhancing growth and development of business. Some of the theories related to
leadership mention below:
Situational theory- This is an adaptation style of learning. In this, the manager adopt
different style of leadership in different type of situations (Hassan and Hatmaker, 2014).
According to this theory that there is no proper and better leadership style. The nature of this
leadership theory is flexible and it works in the current environment of working at workplace. In
Austin Fraser, leaders should adjust its leadership styles to fit in the growth of employees. It is
not based on specific ability of leaders. The situational leadership theory said that everything is
depend on the situation. In this kind of leadership, certain points are involved:
 To innovate work and introduce people at workplace.
 In this, leaders should able top move from one condition to another and can deal
with any situation to accomplish the organisational aims or targets.
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System leadership theory- It is like a problem solving theory. At workplace, if there is
any kind of conflict arise or any problem to employees, then in this case, leader is responsible to
solve them out by providing best and satisfactory solution to them. An important work of this
theory is to know some components which can be impact on the performance of business and its
operations.
Contingency leadership- It is behavioural theory which is depend on the opinions,
thoughts and views that at in an organisation, there is no best way to guide a business, organise
activities and also take a effective declension (Huang, Lu and Duan, 2012). It is related with the
particular situation, style of a leader. An effective and main contingencies for a business firm are
its distributors, customers, technology and also suppliers.
The two main theories of management given below as above:
Classical management theory- The main focus of this theory is on searching the best
way to doing business activities and mange and perform the tasks. This theory is also a scientific
management theory. It was developed in an organisation, when there was many issuer arisen.
The main aim of classical theory is maximising productivity and also development of a business
firm. It is helpful in enhancing the working capability and performance level of company.
Modern theory of management- Its main focus is on enhancing the productivity level of
workers and also performance level of employees (Karangelos, Panciatici and Wehenkel, 2013).
This theory refers to focus on using advanced technology and techniques systematically and
helps in evaluating the relationship among managers an employees.
M2 Weaknesses and strengths of different approaches
There are some capabilities and weaknesses of situational, contingency and system
leadership style are as following:
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Situational leadership style
Strengths- In Austin Fraser, it is used for the purpose of give training leaders and it is
very flexible leadership style.
Weaknesses- It is limited flexible and it is based ion the outside components. Its major
weakness is that can thought only for small time limit.
Contingency leadership theory
Strengths- it helps in providing only that data which is useful for business firm in context
to growth of leadership style.
Weaknesses- It is reactive in nature not proactive (Li, Arvey and Song, 2012). In this
approach, it is difficult to select particular contingency plan.
System leadership theory
Strengths- It gives an efficient and effective action plan to business. This leadership
theory provides good control. It helps in generating a good coordination among business
activities.
Weaknesses- Its major weakness is that it is very complex and it can not be used on the
practical issues.
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Illustration 1: SWOT analysis
Source: SWOT Analysis, 2017

TASK 3
P4 Approaches to operations management and role that managers and leaders play
Operation management is helpful in managing a business. It is an area which is related to
the planning and also designing the process of business and also its operations. In Austin Fraser
business enterprise, there are some roles of managers and leaders in operations management:
Planning- Before doing any activity, planning is necessary. With the help of plan,
company can do its business operations in a systematic way (Lv and et. al., 2011). The main role
of top management is to make plan and also it is the responsibility of manager of Austin Fraser is
to execute plan in an effective way.
Managing- In cited company, employees work together in a team and from it company
do its business operations properly. Managers has the ability to manage all activities and
motivate team members to work effectively and properly.
Coordinating- Behind the success of an organisation, coordination is necessary. An
important role of a leader and manager is to work on bring all departments together and make a
proper coordination among all.
Some of the approaches of operation management are following:
Total quality management- According to this approach, each and every worker should
work on raising quality standard of production process and the operations. The main motive of
TQM is to eliminate all the errors from the process of production and also remove the additional
cost of production. In context to it, manager of Austin Fraser gives training to all employees.
Just- In- Time- This business enterprise apply this approach to the motive of maximising
efficiency and effectiveness in operations and also minimizing the damages in the goods through
reducing the cost of raw materials. This approach is helpful in raising standard of quality. The
role of manager is to make the manufacturing process effective (Niknam, Meymand and
Nayeripour, 2010). There are some components of this approach are eliminate wastage, good
housekeeping etc.
Lean production- This method is systematic for minimizing wastage from the
manufacturing process. With the help of this, Austin Fraser can minimize additional workload. It
major focus is rising quality standard of services which can satisfy the needs and preferences of
customers.
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P5 Significance and value of operations management
Operation Management is a procedure by which Austin Fraser can manage and operate
its business operations in a proper way. By doing the operations of business effectively, this
company can achieve its business activities properly. Some of the significances related to
operations management given below as above:
Minimizing wastage- If company will focus on improving the quality standard of its
services, then in this case it will also helps in reducing the wastage and also defects from
manufacturing process. It helps in reducing production cost.
Profit maximisation- If the wastage will be reduced, production process will be
improved and reduction in cost of manufacturing, then in this case the profitability will also be
enhanced of Austin Fraser (Pham and et. al., 2010). This business firm, uses latest and advanced
technology for achieving its business objectives in a particular time period and making business
process effectively.
Consumer satisfaction-The main motive of Cited business company is to satisfy the
needs of its clients from giving the satisfactory consultancy and also recruitment services. Austin
Fraser always work on improving quality standard of services and also provides job
opportunities to local people for enhancing their living of standard.
Improving quality standard- From improving and also increasing the quality standard of
services and goods, company can satisfy the needs and wants of its customers. With the help of
new technology, Austin Fraser can make improvement in the quality of production and also
services. With the help of increasing the quality, the productivity and development of company
will be enhanced.
Goodwill increase- From improving the quality of products and giving satisfactory
services, the perception of company, in the mind of customers will be positive. With the help of
this, the goodwill of firm can be enhanced.
M3 Manager and leaders can rising effectiveness of operational management
Leaders and managers both are working for accomplish the goals and objectives of
company. They both work together for monitoring all operations and also activities of business.
By using Just- In- Time, Quality management and also lean production, company can increase
the quality by reducing cost of production and minimizing the wastage (Qingfeng and et. al.,
2011). For doing business activities, Austin Fraser uses advanced technology and also
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machinery. With the help of technology, manager can provide some effective services to its
customers and can increase the efficiency and effectiveness of operation management.
TASK 4
P6 Factors with in business environment that affect on operational management
There are two types of business environment that can impact on the process of decision
making and also operational management.
Internal factors- These elements impacts internally in an organisation and these factors
are under the control of management of Austin Fraser. In it includes:
Customers- They plays an important role and Austin Fraser business organisation gives
better consultancy and recruitment services to its customers (Salmon and et. al., 2011). If
company will give satisfactory services to them, then it will impact good in business.
Employees- They work for making a business firm success. For increasing their working
ability and performance, manager conduct a training programme for them. From this, they will
give their good performance. It will impact good on business organisation.
Society- It is the duty of manager to work ethically and welfare of society. From proving
the recruitment services to local people, they will employed and it will beneficial for economy of
United kingdom.
Suppliers- Their responsibility is to provide good quality standard of raw material at
minimum cost. Leaders and managers should select the good suppliers who can deliver raw
materials at proper time and on low cost (Tang and Musa, 2011). If in case supplier will not
supply the raw material on specific time, then the production of products will be late and from
this the delivery of goods to customers will also be late. It will impact bad on the business
operations and growth of business.
External factors- These are not controllable by the company and can affect on the
business operations. It consists:
Legal factors- Government of United Kingdom introduces some of the effective policies
an d regulation, so company should do its business under the government regulations and also
work legally (Ziogou and et. al., 2011). The negative impact can also be created when Austin
Fraser will do unethical work and does not follow government rules.
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Political factor- The political parties changes in a short time period. Every government
make its new rules and policies, so from the instability of government, business can be impacted.
Technological factor- For making the business successful and to do the business
operations properly and easily, Austin Fraser should use new technology. Like it can give its
services through online. It will be easy for customers and they will easily avail the services of
company (White, 2016). By adopting latest machineries and technology, the cost of production
will be minimized and from this the cost of services will also be reduced. It will help in
enhancing the growth and development of business.
M4 Various factors impact on business environment
If Austin Fraser do its business activities effectively and ethically, then in this case its
affect will be positive in the mind of customers. On business environment, there are two main
factors such as internal and external both (Yin and et. al., 2010). The management can easily
control the internal factors and it consists employees, customers, suppliers etc. on the other hand
external factors are not controllable by company and in it includes social, technological,
economical etc.
CONCLUSION
It has been concluded from the above report that operation management is necessary for
manage and monitor all business related activities. Leaders and managers both are important and
also plays an important role in business. In this report studied about the role of leaders and
function of manager. Austin Fraser uses three different approaches of operation management
such as Just- In- Time, Lean production and TQM. Internal and external environment impact on
the business process and working environment of Austin Fraser.
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