Management and Operations: Roles, Characteristics, Theories, and Importance

Management and
Operations

TABLE OF CONTENT
Part 1................................................................................................................................................3
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................3
Various roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager.......................................................3
The role of leader and function of manager apply in various situational contexts......................4
Difference between management and leadership........................................................................5
Contingency leadership theories and models, approaches, including with situation analysis.....6
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
PART 2............................................................................................................................................7
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................7
MAIN BODY...................................................................................................................................7
The key approaches of operation management............................................................................7
The role of operation leaders and managers play........................................................................8
Operation management importance and values:..........................................................................8
Factors in the business environment that impact upon operational management:.......................9
Operational management roles in decision-making:..................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

Part 1
INTRODUCTION
Management and operations is essential and important part of each organization.
Business owner, manager, leader manage various aspects for effective industry growth and
development (Yoo and et,al., 2021). Mark and Spencer industry is all above retail company in
UK, they have multiple products and their own brands as well. Proper management of M&S
company require special framework because business has multiple department for smooth run
organization. The company manager and leader generate effectiveness in employee, so they
perform well for the business. This report will guide about that how company manager can
manage so many functions and how they develop effectiveness in business with the application
of different tools and techniques.
MAIN BODY
Various roles and characteristics of a leader and a manager
Leader and manager are responsible for generate effectiveness in overall organization
activities for better performance with innovative idea and with the help of proper plan. Leader set
direction for employee that they follow and implement and execute their set goals. Both has their
individual power and authority (Iqbal and et.al., 2021). Mark and Spencer company owner set
goals and their leader set vision for growth. They mainly sell cloths, food products and home
essentials. So the company manager divide department like marketing, human resource
management, operation production and finance depart. Each department has different task and
their goals but their vision is only one to develop new opportunity for organization. Mark and
Spencer organization manager and leader roles and characteristics are as follows.
M&S company manager prepare plan for different department. They develop planning
about that which things require for the particular task completion, and they generate different
aspects. Without effective manager organization is not survives in the market because manager
provides clear idea about the important section. Manager has mainly four responsibilities role
like they prepare planning, nest is that they organize and implementing the plan, after organizing
activity they lead their planning and last one is to controlling which means if any individual do
something wrong and some products selling low then they have power and responsibility to
implement different plan for organization. Mark and Spencer face many problems when digital
technology launch in market not only this particular company so many business affects from

advance technology development (Agustina and Kristiawan, 2021). Manager develop mission for
the company, they prepare some alternative as well. Then they organize design job and specify
staff position and their work power. Completion of job distribution of individual organization
manager focuses on controlling, this one is major aspect for business because so many bad
performance, employee work behaviour, productivity and many things affects the overall
business plan. Manager has responsibility that they manage multiple things with impressive
manner. Mark and Spencer manager apply this over all plan for the development and increment
of new opportunities and successfully survives in competitive market.
Leader has clarity and knowledge about particular department, Mark and Spencer has
multiple department and their leaders. They have power to control and motivate the employee
and gives them right direction. Leader is mainly responsible to develop team work as well,
because business has group of multiple individuals, so its essential that leader develops team
work and guide their employee. Mark and Spencer leader do influence employee behaviour in
positive manner. Motivate employee, guidance, development of inspiration, time management
and many more role is beneficial for effective business growth and for goal achievement
(Schwepker Jr and Dimitriou, 2021).
The role of leader and function of manager apply in various situational contexts
Organization follows multiple aspects which requires for the new skill development in
employee, improve their satisfaction at work place. And the main role of leader is to
management of people, develop changes according to situation analyse and increase performance
with productive manner. M&S company faces numerous issues in their business plan and
strategies regulation but their mentor, influencer, manager, communicator, motivator etc. manage
and implement strategies in employee work force and the skill expansion.
Company's overall growth and productivity totally depends on proper guidance from
leader because its essential aspect is to manage employee work force, without proper guidance
employees are not survives in long term (Ramdass, Ṋemavhola and Mokgohloa, 2021). On the
basis of their behaviour and work productivity leader easily analyse about the problems and
develop new plans for problems solution. Leader provide training sessions, learning programs,
skill development class, and many more which is requires for employee growth and improving
their effectiveness towards their work.