Human Capital Management and Leadership Studies

This assignment delves into the realm of human resource management, examining the significance of human capital, leadership styles, and strategic HR approaches as discussed in academic journals and research papers. It covers a range of topics from entrepreneurship to global competitiveness, innovation, and positive psychological capital. The studies reviewed provide insights into how these factors influence organizational outcomes, creativity, and success.

MANAGING HUMAN
CAPITAL AND
LEADERSHIP

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT....................................................................................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................2
LITERATURE REVIEW................................................................................................................2
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................2
Relevant model and approaches of the business organisation to manage its HR resources........2
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
Critical analysis of selection and recruitment in link to strategic human resources initiatives...4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
Discuss different Approaches to HRD and their area for improvement......................................7
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................8
Classical theories of motivation...................................................................................................8
TASK 5..........................................................................................................................................10
Recommendation to the business discuss the characteristics of effective leaders.....................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

ABSTRACT
The report describes about managing and maintaining the capital or leadership within an
organisation and the major role of company human resource manager is very effective in the
firm. Such manager work is implementing different strategies and policies so they can easily
control the work in effective manner. There are various approaches and models which can be
applied by HR manager and it will assist in achieving the desired goals and targets of an
organisation. The Tramshed provide delicious food and products which attracting large number
of customers towards their services and facilities in market place.
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INTRODUCTION
Human resource manager will play an essential role in smoothly running of business
operation and functions in increasing the commitment, ability and power of manpower of an
organisation. Capital refers as that production and manufacturing products which contributing
the innovative products and services production in better manner. Along with this, administration
of human capital defines to the business management of employees to them which engaged with
basically in the whole organisational profits and productivity in better manner. Employees are
determined as the backbone of an enterprise who are one those are performing different number
of activities and functions in better manner (Alpkan and et. al., 2010). Therefore, an organisation
requires encouraging employees towards accomplishing business goals and objectives
effectively. This is very paramount role of human resource manager for managing and
controlling human capital and gain proper style of leadership to conduct the firm in effective
way. This report is based on Tramshed which is most happening destination, large number of
customer are come for eat their chicken items and it is located in United Kingdom. In this project
the managing human capital is determines as the major role of HR department so these are those
employees who are the main asset of the firm and if they are effective then this is useful for the
firm. Along with this, the report discusses about different approaches and models of the business
concern and recruitment procedures and also selects process by them.
LITERATURE REVIEW
The entire project is separated into five tasks by which the HR manager determines the
managing human resource capital of the firm that can be understood. They will describe about
the company structure that should be follow by organisation for motivating their employees to
perform business functions and operations in better manner.
TASK 1
Relevant model and approaches of the business organisation to manage its HR resources
Tramshed is the chicken restaurant which is providing g delicious food and other special
items and it is based in United Kingdom. They are giving various styles of chicken dishes that
attracting large number of customers towards their food items. also they are providing different
alternative services such as late night dinner, Lunch, Brunch and other exciting facilities like free
wi-fi, alcohol, takeoff, etc. the quality of their food items are very effective and this the thing
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through which they can easily exist in the large market place. In the Tramshed they are executing
all the types of HR services but with the help of this they are increasing the competitive in the
market place. From now the company manager need to make strategies and policies by which
they can easily stay in the huge competition and does not reduce their market share in any
manner (Andrews and Boyne, 2010). There are different approaches and models which can
implemented by human resource manger of Tramshed so they are gaining huge amount of
income and profitability in proper manner.
Models and approaches:
The main motive of the Tramshed restaurant is to providing best quality based services
and products to their customers through which they are satisfying their buyers all needs and
wants. In an organisation, HR manager have major roles and responsibilities for designing and
implementing the appropriate strategies and among these they are select one for smoothly
running the business operations and its functions. This is essential role and duty of human
resource manager is to complete their whole work in full of dedication so that firm does not
suffer any type of issue and problem. All the HR strategies and policies are useful in evaluating
and improving the employee's performance in better manner.
These are mainly three types of Hr model that are used by Tramshed at the time of
performing business operation that are as follows:
 Controlled based model - this is considered as an effective and important model and
approach which can be used by Tramshed restaurant by this they can easily achieving
high level of success and growth in large market place. Along with this, it is that model
where HR manager taking care of all major processing that are going towards their
company strategies in proper manner. There are various factors which are described in
this report are single person, technical and bureaucratic results and process which are
totally based on business operations and its functions. it is that approach which is useful
for management so they are capable for evaluating all desired issues and problems which
prevailing in an organisation (Birasnav, 2014). According to this, such administration
structure and HR strategy play an important role in conducting some techniques and
methods for controlling all major functions in better manner. The management of
Tramshed ensure that they are managing and maintaining the employee's behaviour so
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that they are able for taking permission for providing correct guidance to their staff
members who help them in achieving desired targets and goals of the firm.
 Resource based model - this is that approach which are based on reward exchange effort
technique and management require determining their employees as an assets and also
they are take care of them in better manner. this is that model which are concluded that
this is very good or effective method so this will assist in accomplishing accurate results
for effectively perform employees functions and their operations in better manner. Along
with this, this is mainly determined as if the worker is equipped with good skills and
knowledge then they have chance to gain competitive benefits of an organisation
(Birasnav, Rangnekar and Dalpati, 2011). This approach describing the various
competencies and abilities of doing working in the sound environment. There are
resources which are divided into various parts such as tangible (Human, physical,
technological, financial) and Intangible (reputation, brand-name). The restaurant needs to
have such resources which are very unique and special in each term.
 Integrated model - This is the model which determine as the combination of all the
above described models. Thus, the main aim of this model is to evaluate about the two
main dimensions of HR strategy such as "Acquisition and Development" and "Locus of
control". Along with this, the former factor describe about the extent where human
resource strategies and policies are used to make and develop the human capital such as
employees rather than their external factors environment. on the other hand, the factors
says that degree on which HR strategies can be used to manage and maintain the focus on
monitoring the staff members so by this they can easily improve their work performance
in better manner.
TASK 2
Critical analysis of selection and recruitment in link to strategic human resources initiatives
For managing and maintaining the employees properly so this is necessary for human
resource manager are recruit those candidate who have ability and skill to handle all company
work for achieving desired goals and objectives in better manner. In an organisation, HR
manager play an essential role at the time of recruiting some person who are capability and
ability to manage all work in proper manner. Therefore, HR manager can recruit the employees
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as internal and external basis so that staff member feels better and also doing comfortable
manner. along with this, the people who are doing work in HR department of Tramshed are
giving certain responsibility for searching, skilled and talented employees according to their
company job position and requirements which help them in recruiting or selecting the best
candidate who are best suitable for the job position (Buller and McEvoy, 2012). Apart from this,
if HR needs to motivate the present employees so they can easily conduct internal methods for
recruitment.
In Tramshed restaurant, the HR manager is required to follow all the main techniques and
methods so by this they can search the perfect candidate with external and internal business
operations. Both these approaches are mainly effective so they are giving best result or outcome
which is useful for firm only. Tramshed management providing online recruitment system for
taking assistance of different portals such as Naukri.com, indeed.com, etc. in this procedures, all
the candidates who require to apply for job so they can submit their curriculum vitae by online
operations and functions in better manner. With the help of this process, they will acquire more
alternatives for selecting the best candidate for specific job position. This is useful procedure for
Tramshed so they are able for save their time and cost and getting more options which are
available for them. The entire process is totally related with this that is as follows:
Listing jobs on organisation websites - It is determine as first step in the online
recruitment or selection method. in this, the company have been register their job description on
online sites such as Naurki.com and after that the position list of job analyse with the candidate
who are match with this specific profile (Burgoyne, 2012).
Posting jobs online - In this process, the management will post the vacant job position of
the firm along with this they are also post all the job details which are required for desired
candidate for applying the job. there are different other options which are held by company to
job posting through online such as linked in, Monster, etc.
Using LinkedIn - Tramshed has selected linked in post for their vacant job position in
the online industry. Along with this, this is highly used job sites so there is no chance of fraud
and mistakes for the candidates. After posting the job description on linked in sites candidate
may applied for the refer position.
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Social recruitment - It is another platform which is used in large manner in the current
selection market place. In this firm, Tramshed also searching for the talented and skilled
employees who have ability to handle all desired work.
Job application procedure - In this step, finally the process of selection and recruitment
is started. In this, firstly the applications of candidates are received by company for short listing
and then who are selecting they need to give test for the process. After that analysing of able
candidate they are call for selected candidate for the interview procedure (Caza and et. al., 2010).
Interview process - in this, the candidate are said for the interview and where the HR
manager are ask some questions by which they can analyse their skills and talent along with
judged their abilities. After that, those employee who are selected given them job letter for
joining.
Hiring process - in this stage, the human manager is necessary for chaeck or verifies the
family background of the employee who is selected for the final round.
Recommendation:
Employee motivation - in the Tramshed restaurant, the HR manger need to motivate
their employees for doing well organise work by which they can easily achieving desired goals
and targets in better manner. This is required for human resource manager is to promote their
business operations and function in effective manner. By this they will easily communicate with
each employee through using various techniques and methods in proper manner. It is the duty
and responsibility of HR is to encourage and motivate their employees towards their set goals
and objectives and gain high income and revenue for the company.
Providing training and development program - The management of Tramshed provide
effective training and development program for their new employees by this they will increasing
their skills and abilities for doing work (Coff and Kryscynski, 2011). This is useful for the
company so they do not have to conduct external process of recruitment. If HR provide training
to their employee so they will became capable for doing any type of function and business
operations.
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TASK 3
Discuss different Approaches to HRD and their area for improvement
HRM can be considered as that process of personal management that are determined as
necessary part for managing and maintaining employees performance within an enterprise. For
providing employment in this process, the employee need to access towards development
opportunities of their common skills and abilities that can be obtain their effective work in more
effective way. There are huge number of exercises which are mainly involved in the HRD system
such as employee training, career development, coaching monitoring, succession planning, etc.
There are number of concepts and approaches which are used through human resource
manager which involve in their workforce of an organisation (Dalakoura, 2010). As the
Tramshed restaurant which is food destination where customers are adopting their essential
factors which is more effective for achieving desired goals and objectives in better manner. An
organisation spending huge revenue and income value which is 30% of their employees need and
requirements. There are various techniques which are described as under:
Strategic HRM approach – This can be undertaken that it is one of the important method
of employed where large number of strategies and methods are associated with business that is
implementing business capabilities and abilities in better manner. Along with this, the structure
was propounded with the help of Lake and Ulrich. It can be determined as human resource
development activities and functions which is major element in better manner. The main
concentration of this firm are doing exercises of HRD which assist in emphasising profitability
and productivity and train their staff members for new skills and shape the specialist areas in
proper way.
Integrative structure – This is that model which mainly complied with strategies and
policies of HRM and its main motive is to implementing human resource development practices
which can develop and formulate in their effective business operations and functions (Dimov,
2010). There are main three directions which required to be undertaken in this such as creating
capabilities of employees, satisfaction of employees, framing single person requirements, etc.
along with this, they are determining the whole framework of human resource development
inside the firm.
Approach of human capital appraisal – They are giving light over the employee that are
referred as one of the major firm asset. This is that method and techniques which was established
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in 1998 by Friend-man. This can be divided into five steps such as designing stage, monitoring
stage, assessment stage, clarification stage and execution stage (Wright and McMahan, 2011).
The cited restaurant can bring out such method for reach with number of advantages such as
reward, recruitment, performance management, customer retention, training succession and
planning, career development.
PCMM approach – It can be define as People capacity maturity model which are
developed for dealing with various software. Through this manner, an organisation can gain
availability from different environment factors. It is necessary for company is to manage and
maintain the exercise and practices of employees as per the benefits in better manner.
Integrated system model – This can be considered as more suitable approach and model
which can be used by Tramshed for implementing and designing the system of human resource
development. It will present the major strategies and policies which can be executed at the initial
level and their main concentration for achieving some objectives and goals (Gates and Langevin,
2010).
Human resource management card model – This can be define as the effective method
and technique which directly build link between HRT department and also gaining desired goals
and objectives of an enterprise. The Tramshed restaurant manager can make and develop some
core card for evaluating their employees efficiencies and effectiveness in developing their
attitude and behaviour.
Scope improvement – This is wide scope of development in each and every case. In an
organisation, Tramshed restaurant containing various number of services and facilities that assist
them in developing effective alterations and modifications of the firm (Guest, 2011).
TASK 4
Classical theories of motivation
Employees are the main part of the firm so they are put best efforts for attaining desired
goals and objectives in better manner. With the assistance of this, employees can easily deliver
their products and services which should be quality based for target customers. Along with this,
this is necessary for company manager is to giving assistance and guidance to their staff
members so through this they are doing effective business activities (Gutiérrez, Hilborn and
Defeo, 2011). In Tramshed restaurant, it is required for executing different motivational program
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for motivating and encouraging their employees. There are various theories which are described
as under:
Theory X and Theory Y – This is that theory which can be divided into various factors
and views of employees that is positive and negative in terms. In this, Theory X is negative and
Theory Y is positive. This can be define that theory X related to employees which are not
perform their roles in effective manner. Also employees require to implement their business
operations and its functions (Stevens, 2010). Therefore, company manager need to provide
direction to their employees so that they are properly manage and control their activities and
functions in appropriate manner. Apart from this, Theory Y stated that worker are doing their
duties and work in high effective way. An employee have full of commitment towards their
employed through this they does not need to gain such type of guidance and help from anyone.
Maslow' theory of need – This is one of the essential theory which are associated with
employees requirements at work area. This theory includes five stages such as safety needs,
social needs, self esteem needs, self actualization needs, psychological needs (Jiang and et. al.,
2012). All such are motivated employees while performing their business activities and functions
in better manner. Along with this, psychological needs are used by firm company so they are
giving fair salary to their employees which are easily satisfying their common needs and
requirements. According to the safety needs, staff members need that firm provide job security so
they can easily improving an developing their motivation among people.
Equity theory - this theory is related to the equality which is providing to workers in
organisation. Through this they get motivate because of equality and fair treatment along with
this, employees are treated in god manner which motivate them to do work in better manner as
well contribute their efforts for achieving goals and objective of business. With the help of this
theory there is less chances of conflicts and employees will also don,t have any issue with
organisation and their working environment (Ling and Jaw, 2011). It will create healthy and
positive working environment in firm.
Hawthorne Effect – This is an motivational theory introduced by Henry A. Landsberger
in 1950. Hawthorne theory is used by human resource manager of company for motivating their
employees. With the assistance of this manager take feedback on regular basis along with this
check performance of staff member which lead in enhancing encouragement level of workers.
Motivation can be related to financial (bonus, extra pay etc.) and non-financial (promotion,
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appraisal etc.) both. When an individual get such rewards it gives direct impact on working
nature of other and they also automatically encouraged for doing work more effectively. There
are six important aspects are involved in this such as socialise, recognition, psychological
contract, group activity and workers. These all are used by manager for more appropriate results.
Proposing Hybrid Theory for Tramshed
It is the integration of all theories that assist in encouraging employees at large working
place. There are various number of workers who doing work within an organisation. The
company manager need to implement certain effective theories which help in motivating their
staff members at work place that can lead towards in increasing skills and abilities in better
manner. In the context of restaurant, they are regulating and operating in hospitality sector so
they are require to offer various services to their customers along with this, the employees are
also serve best quality based food item to their buyers which assist them in generating large
amount of income and revenue of the firm (Luthans and et. al., 2010). For gaining the high level
of growth and success, an organisation required to developing and making quality based products
and services for motivating their employees. With the assistance of this, they can easily gaining
attention of number of customers of set by the company.
TASK 5
Recommendation to the business discuss the characteristics of effective leaders
The firm leaders are essential part of business organisation so they are properly guide and
direct their employees in organised manner (Makri and Scandura, 2010). For this assistance, they
are required to perform their roles and duties which help in increasing their capabilities for
gaining set goals and targets. There are various characteristics of leaders which are as under:
Personable – In these characteristics, a leader need to have opened minded so they can
easily communicate for employees without making any hesitation. If they are doing effective
treating their employees and workers so they are solving major issues and problems in better
manner.
Visionary – A leader of the company always developing and creating future vision of
enterprise, they are guiding and directing their employees in more effective manner. Vision is
more necessary for setting due to this they can lead towards whole manpower to certain direction
and help in engaged with particular situation and condition. Such vision can deliver workers
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strength for performing their job roles and duties for achieving desired results and outcome of
practised performance (Ployhart and Moliterno, 2011).
Motivational – The stimulating employee assist in attaining business outcome and results
which can assist in performing their effective business operations and its functions in proper
manner. If an organisation need to reach with their set target and goals of the firm after that the
company need to implement their personal skills and abilities along with this the employees are
performing well in the large market place.
Model of leadership
There are number of leadership models and theories which can bring out by Tramshed
restaurant within an organisation for attaining all business operations and functions in more
effective way (Nyberg and et. al., 2014). It will assist in executing number leadership models in
their firm regarding stimulating workers so this will lead towards profit in better manner. There
are various theories described as under:
Situational leadership model – As per this model, this can be stated that no theory of
leadership is perfect and correct where leader can be implemented. A leader or company manager
need to adopt various leadership styles as per the present situation of business. This is
fundamental leader which develop and make while they are adopting effective manner.
Contingency leadership model – As per this view point, there is no appropriate source of
leadership which help in increasing coordination and make effective decision in better manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned report it can be concluded that Human resource manager will
play an essential role in smoothly running of business operation and functions in increasing the
commitment, ability and power of manpower of an organisation. For providing employment in
this process, the employee need to access towards development opportunities of their common
skills and abilities that can be obtain their effective work in more effective way. With the
assistance of this, employees can easily deliver their products and services which should be
quality based for target customers. The firm leaders are essential part of business organisation so
they are properly guide and direct their employees in organised manner. For this assistance, they
are required to perform their roles and duties which help in increasing their capabilities for
gaining set goals and targets.
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