Models of Instruction

Models of Instruction
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
What is integrative model............................................................................................................3
How can integrative model be applied as the learner centered instruction.................................3
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................5
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
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INTRODUCTION
Students or learners centred instructions refer teaching style that places the focus of teaching
on learners rather than on instructors or teachers Lee & Branch, (2018). In this process, both
teachers and learners work as a partner in order to make learning and teaching process easier and
accomplishing teaching and learning goals. This presents study is going to show effectiveness of
integrative model in learner centred instructions as how it helps students in becoming
independent. This model provides instructions to learners and makes them able to perform their
academic functions and roles and increasing learning skills. It will further discuss some strategies
and ways in which this model can be implemented in teaching and learning process successfully
and making learning easier for students. There are three theoretical foundations of learner
centred instructions such as: constructivism, humanism and cognitive.
Cognitivism: Some theories of cognitivism such as: schema and processing provides a
foundation that each learner or student has his/her own way to learn and process information. It
also explains impacts of internal and external factors on learning process. When cognitive
processes do not work properly then learners suffer the most in increasing their knowledge. It
can be implemented successful by teachers by encouraging learners for reflecting their
experience and encouraging discussion.
Constructive: Whereas, constructivism believes that knowledge is constructed objectively and
individually. It is also believed that learning occurs when learners get engaged in the process of
making an effective meaning into construction rather receiving information only.
Humanism: Humanistic teachers and learners believe that feelings and knowledge are
interrelated with each other’s and go hand in hand. This theory focuses on specific human
capabilities in order to improve learning and knowledge such as: personal growth, creativity and
others.
What is integrative model
There are several models of learner centred instructions such as: inductive, directive,
instructive, integrative and others, Integrative is one of the purpose driven model that makes
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