Motivational Theories in Jack Stores

This report discusses the various motivational theories used in Jack Stores, an innovative discount store introduced by TESCO. The report focuses on Maslow's Hierarchy Theory and Vroom's Expectancy Theory to motivate employees and achieve competitive advantage. It explores the impact of these theories on employees and provides insights for managers in Jack Stores.

Motivational theory
in Jack stores

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory:..................................................................................................3
Vroom’s expectancy theory:...................................................................................................5
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................6
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................7
Books and Journals.................................................................................................................7

INTRODUCTION
TESCO introduce innovative discount store named as Jack in order to gain competitive
advantage over rival firm named as ALDI and Lidl. In this report, there are various motivational
theories which are used for increasing level of productivity in future period of time. Motivation
also encourages employee towards achieving goal as well as objective in stipulated period of
time (Stewart, Nodoushani and Stumpf, 2018). In addition to this there are two kind of theory
such as Maslow’s Hierarchy theory as well as Vroom theory which is discussed in report for
motivating employees at marketplace.
Motivational Theories: There are different kinds of motivational theory which is used
for encouraging employees to perform their work in better manner. In addition to this there are
various motivational theories which is adopted by TESCO that is going to be mentioned below:
Maslow's Hierarchy Theory:
Maslow theory is given by Abraham Maslow in the year of 1950. There is different level
involved in this theory that is going to be described below:

Physiological needs: This is the basic level of Maslow theory which focuses on basic
need of an individual person. It is necessary for Tesco to satisfy the basic need of individual such
as clothes, water, food as well as air and many more that help in encouraging them for gaining
competitive advantage of rival firm at marketplace (D'Souza and Gurin, 2016).
Safety & security Needs: After satisfying the physiological need it is necessary for Tesco
to provide safety as well as security to its employees. It involves old age pension, health benefit
as well as financial security to its employees in order to motivate them to perform their work in
better way while introducing new store named as Jack that help in achieving competitive
advantage over rival firm at marketplace.
Social Needs: After satisfy above mentioned need it is necessary for organisation to fulfil
social as well as belongingness need. As per this level it is necessary for employees to have
positivity in mind in order to perform their work in better manner. In addition to this it is vital for
manager of TESCO to motivate employees to work hard to implement the discount store named
Jack in order to gain competitive advantage of rival firm at Marketplace.
Esteem Needs: The self esteem need includes self respect, prestige as well as status of an
individual person. The manager of Tesco focuses on providing these needs in order to motivate
them to work towards the innovative store named as Jack for increasing productivity as well as
profitability in future period of time (Winston, Maher and Easvaradoss, 2017).
Self-Actualization Needs: This is the last stage; the person has accomplished all need.
Therefore, the manager of Tesco must focus on encouraging employees to work hard to achieve
all the above-mentioned need. After satisfying all those need the employee is motivated as well
as work towards the store named as Jack for increasing productivity as well as profitability and
future period of time. It aids assistance in achieving goals as well as objective in stipulated
period of time (Amani and Shabahang, 2017).
Positive and negative impact of this theory on employs:
Positive impact: Maslow‘s theory of motivation helps the managers in stores to critically analyse
the ways in which the workforce under them can be encouraged and motivated to do their work.
This is the easy theory to understand by the managers as well as employs of Jack stores. The
theory helps managers to take care of interpersonal and intrapersonal variation in behaviour of
employs.

Negative impact: The hierarchal structure in this theory lacks to priorities various needs for
different individuals. It is often seen that hierarchy mentioned in this theory is not applicable to
all the individuals as some may prefer social needs before economical needs or basic needs
(Parrish, 2020).
Vroom’s expectancy theory:
The following theory explains that in order to motivate the employs in an organisation it is
necessary to enhance the pleasure they feel during work and also minimise their pains while
working (Schunk and DiBenedetto, 2020). The theory states that performance of employs and
Jack stores is highly dependent on personality, skill as well as knowledge of employs. Various
aspects of this theory are mentioned below:
Expectancy: The following factor mention is that when a person is seen having enhanced
efforts it automatically increases the performance. Various resources are required by managers of
Jack stores to support their employees in order to draw their best performance (Eccles and
Wigfield, 2020).
Instrumentality: The following factors mentioned that good performance will bring
positive outcomes for an employee. Through the attainment of these outcomes employees will be
encouraged and motivated to achieve more outcomes. If they do not have any interest in
performing well they will be motivated by these outcomes or results.
Valence: It is the importance which an individual’s pays to their work and the outcomes
they expect from their efforts. When taking example of Jack stores the employees required
incentives, breaks, extra pay for good results and so on.
Positive and negative impact of Victor Vroom theory:
Positive impact: This theory states that the only way to motivate and boost up the
encouragement in employs is through incentives and rewards. It is necessary for managers to
understand the proper ways in which they can benefit both employees as well as productivity of
the organisation. This theory will help the managers in Jack stores to decide on which reward
will be best for the employees (Schunk and DiBenedetto, 2020)
(Koenka, 2020).
Negative impact: this theory totally depends on the understanding power of the manager to
motivate the employs. If the manager is unable to identify various incentives and offerings
through which they can motivate the employs then there is no benefit of this theory. It is required

by managers of Jack stores to pay attention to each of the employee so that idea is to motivate
different temperatures can be generated which requires a lot of time and efforts.
CONCLUSION
Through the help of the following report it can be concluded that how can various
employees in the jack stores of Tesco can be motivated by their managers. Both the management
theories of motivation which are mentioned in the report will help in encouraging and motivating
employees along with increasing profits and productivity of business. Victor Vroom theory is
ought to be best for Tesco in order to encourage their workforce.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Stewart, C., Nodoushani, O. and Stumpf, J., 2018, July. Cultivating Employees Using Maslow's
Hierarchy of Needs. In Competition Forum (Vol. 16, No. 2, pp. 67-75). American
Society for Competitiveness.
D'Souza, J. and Gurin, M., 2016. The universal significance of Maslow’s concept of self-
actualization. The Humanistic Psychologist, 44(2), p.210.
Winston, C.N., Maher, H. and Easvaradoss, V., 2017. Needs and values: An exploration. The
Humanistic Psychologist, 45(3), p.295.
Amani, M. and Shabahang, M.J., 2017. The relationship of self-efficacy and money attitudes
with mental health: mediation through Maslow's hierarchy of needs. International
Journal of Culture and Mental Health, 10(3), pp.310-319.
Parrish, A., 2020. Book Review: Contemporary Language Motivation Theory: 60 Years Since
Gardner and Lambert (1959).
Eccles, J.S. and Wigfield, A., 2020. From expectancy-value theory to situated expectancy-value
theory: A developmental, social cognitive, and sociocultural perspective on
motivation. Contemporary Educational Psychology, p.101859.
Schunk, D.H. and DiBenedetto, M.K., 2020. Motivation and social cognitive
theory. Contemporary Educational Psychology, 60, p.101832.
Koenka, A.C., 2020. Academic Motivation Theories Revisited: An Interactive Dialog between
Motivation Scholars on Recent Contributions, Underexplored Issues, and Future
Directions. Contemporary Educational Psychology, p.101831.