Anemia and Iron-Deficiency Anemia: A Case Study

Running head: NURSING ASSIGNMENT
Nursing Assignment
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Nursing Assignment
1
Anemia is referred to as the condition of the body where the aggregate healthy red blood cells in
human body. Decreased red blood cells produces complication in carrying oxygen to the different part of
the body. There are several categories of anemia such as, vitamin-deficiency anemia, iron-deficiency
anemia, anemia of severe disease, aplastic anemia, anemia caused by bone marrow, hemolytic anemia
and the sickle anemia (Camaschella, 2015). This essay focusses on the case study of Ms. A, who is 26
years old. She has been suffering from shortness of breathing, fatigue and other menstrual complication.
By observing the signs and symptoms and the risk factor it can be stated that the patient is having Iron-
deficiency anemia (DeLoughery, 2017). This essay includes the explanation of the circumstances that is
responsible for causing anemia or can be caused due to anemia and their rationale.
A has been suffering from shortness of breathing, fatigue which is worsen during the menstrual
phase. She also had become light head and had to go to emergency clinic. During the treatment, it is
observed that the patient is suffering from elevated respiratory part and heart rate. The patient is also
having low blood pressure. The result of the laboratory test states that, her hemoglobin level is low that
is, 8 g/dl from that of the normal (12.0- 15.5 g/dl), her hemocrit level (32%) is also low than the normal
level (37%- 48%). Erythrocyte count is low ( 3.1 x 10/mm). Hypochromic cell and microcytic cell are
observed in her RBC smear. Reticulate count and other laboratory values are normal. By observing her
health condition and the laboratory test values, it can be sated that the patient is suffering from iron-
deficiency anemia.
Iron deficiency anemia is one of the most commonly observed anemia. It occurs due to the lack
of iron in the human body. As the bone-marrow wants iron to prepare haemoglobin. Decrease in the
amount of iron can also cause decrease in haemoglobin level. In case of patient suffering from anemia,
shortness of breathing and fatigue is commonly observed. As red blood cell assists in carrying oxygen,
hence in the lack of haemoglobin, body will not get oxygen which is responsible for shortness of