Nursing Care for Older People

This document provides a critical review of the current literature on nursing care for older people. It explores the variables associated with loneliness, predictors of loneliness, interventions to reduce loneliness, and the importance of mobility in older individuals. The findings and implications of various studies are discussed, providing insights into providing effective care for older adults.

NURSING CARE
FOR OLDER
PEOPLE

Table of Contents
TEMPLATE.....................................................................................................................................3
CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE..........................................................3
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................5

Authors Studydesign Sample Intervention Findings Implications
List authors
according to the
UTS Referencing
Policy (Harvard
Style)
Eg, Randomised
controlled trial,
cohort study,
descriptive, non
randomised
trialsetc
Eg, Sample
description
(number of
participants, age,
gender etc),
inclusion and
exclusion criteria
What did the
study do and why
did they choose
this approach?
What did the
study find
following their
intervention?
What
evidencedoes this
study provide to
inform and
support your care
planning for this
older person?
Cohen-
Mansfield,
J., and et.
al., 2016
Peer
Reviewed
Journal
Articles
38 Sample
articles from
2000-2012
The study
focused on
loneliness in
older
individuals,
which
required a
detailed study
to understand
the pattern
The study
found certain
variables
related to the
issue of
loneliness
The study
provides case
studies as
evidence
Dahlberg,
L., and et.
al., 2015
Survey Data from
2004-2011
The study
focused on
loneliness
issue in older
males and
females. Data
was required
to analyse the
difference
between
loneliness
patterns
across
genders
The result
was related to
enhancement
of the pattern
after a certain
age due to
various
factors
It provides
statistical
qualitative
data of
individuals
above age 70
to support
older
individuals.
Cohen-
Mansfield, J.
and Perach,
R., 2015
Intervention
studies
34 studies
from 1996-
2011
The study
focused on
several
interventions
The findings
include
educational
interventions
The evidence
it shows was
qualitative
results in
1

for older
adults to
reduce
loneliness
effective. terms of
supporting
individuals.
Stenholm,
S., and et.
al., 2016
InCHIANTI
studies.
Data from
patients of 65
years and
above from
1998-2000 to
2007-2008
The report
was
associated
with finding
out reasons
for physical
issues in
adults
The findings
were that
physical
inactivity
leads to
immobility in
old age
It supports
people
through
including
several case
studies of
people and
their
histories.
Goins, R.T.,
and et. al.,
2015
Descriptive
Study
748 studies
were
assessed.
The study
explored the
importance of
mobility for
effective
ageing
The findings
resulted in
fact that
physically
active
individuals
have healthy
living and
mindset in
old age.
It supports
individuals
through
making them
realise
importance of
mobility.
Loprinzi,
P.D., Lee, H.
and
Cardinal,
B.J., 2015
Cross
Sectional
Design
1496 older
adults
The study
embarked the
pattern of
physical
illnesses in
several older
groups after
indulging
The results
were
associated
with
differences in
body systems
with
differences in
It supports
old age
people
through
providing
evidence of
better
metabolism
2

them within
physical
exercises
people
indulging in
more and less
than 300 min
walking.
through
physical
activity.
TEMPLATE
CRITICAL REVIEW OF THE CURRENT LITERATURE
According to the viewpoints of Cohen-Mansfield and et. al., (2016), there is several
variables that are associated with the issue of loneliness within an older individual, which are
poor health, low social relationships, as well as poor functionality. As from the case too, Mr.
Smith has been suffering from all these variables, which has contributed towards his loneliness
as it enhances barriers for these individuals to interact with their peers and socially.
In addition, the study of Dahlberg and et. al., (2015) highlights several predictors of the
issue of loneliness amongst older individuals. One of those predictors as per this study is the lack
of physical mobility, which is very evident within the case of Mr. Smith.
However, in terms of critical analysis, Cohen-Mansfield and Perach, (2015) have
highlighted several interventions in their study too, in regards to loneliness in older people. For
instance, educational intervention and rise in social networks could help in reducing loneliness in
older people. For example, Mr. Smith’s loneliness could reduce through indulging him into
providing counselling to more individuals.
In context of analysing the issue related to mobility within older individuals, the study of
Stenholm and et. al., (2016) gives an insight onto the intensity of physical immobility according
to the lifestyle, where active individuals are less likely to suffer mobility problems than the ones
who are not. Therefore, Mr. Smith too could have been physically inactive for him to suffer this
issue in such a manner.
As per the views of Goins and et. al., (2015), mobility is a crucial part of sense of self,
along with feeling complete by an individual. Moreover, mobility is quite imperative for an old
age person to be optimistic and effective in context of conducting their lives. Hence, Mr. Smith’s
3

sense of self is somewhere lost as his mobility issues rose, which led him towards in
inappropriate mental health, as witnessed in the case.
However, the study of Loprinzi, Lee and Cardinal, (2015) underpins certain
recommendations for older individuals like Mr. Smith. For instance, individuals must be
indulged into few minute walks, to ensure that their physical mobility keeps intact and their
metabolism improves. In terms of critical analysis, this would also be resulting in improvising in
health status of Mr. Smith, in terms of improving his appetite.
4

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Cohen-Mansfield, J. and Perach, R., 2015. Interventions for alleviating loneliness among older
persons: a critical review. American Journal of Health Promotion. 29(3). pp.e109-e125.
Cohen-Mansfield, J., and et. al., 2016. Correlates and predictors of loneliness in older-adults: a
review of quantitative results informed by qualitative insights. International
Psychogeriatrics. 28(4). pp.557-576.
Dahlberg, L., and et. al., 2015. Predictors of loneliness among older women and men in Sweden:
A national longitudinal study. Aging & mental health. 19(5). pp.409-417.
Goins, R.T., and et. al., 2015. Older adults’ perceptions of mobility: a metasynthesis of
qualitative studies. The Gerontologist. 55(6). pp.929-942.
Loprinzi, P.D., Lee, H. and Cardinal, B.J., 2015. Evidence to support including lifestyle light-
intensity recommendations in physical activity guidelines for older adults. American
Journal of Health Promotion. 29(5). pp.277-284.
Stenholm, S., and et. al., 2016. Association of physical activity history with physical function
and mortality in old age. Journals of Gerontology Series A: Biomedical Sciences and
Medical Sciences. 71(4). pp.496-501.
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