This document provides an overview of theories of childhood development, including Freud's theory and contemporary approaches. It outlines the five stages of development and discusses the main influences on the development of infants, children, and adolescents. The document also covers developmental milestones, stages of attachment development, effects of hospitalization and chronic illness on adolescents, and the application of developmental theories to nursing interventions. Additionally, it explores pediatric physiology, respiratory difficulties, viral tonsillitis, and type 1 diabetes mellitus.