Relation of Obesity and Hypertension in Adults in Nigeria

Running head: Relation of Obesity and Hypertension in Adults
Title of the Project: Assessment on the relationship of Obesity and hypertension in Adults in
Nigeria.
Study Duration: 40 years
Project Summary
Hypertension is referred to as the BP that is ranges in 140/90 mmHg (Chukwuonye 2013). It is
actually a disease which places huge financial burden on the patients and their families and also
on the Nigerian Health Care system. Also obesity has a key risk factor for the multiple diseases
that are chronic. These diseases involve diabetes, cardiovascular disease, asthma and also cancer.
If the issue is considered in the countries which have high income, obesity comes on the top of
the list and rise in lower & middle salary countries especially in urban cities. Goal of this
research is to identify the prevalence of the hypertension. The research is to further identify if
there are any links in between the obesity as well as hypertension within adults.
Background
Irrespective of the 40 years of the research, there actually is not clear evaluation & the analysis
on the hypertension in Nigeria. This research has studied the information from the findings
which were cross sectional on the matter and topic. There are multiple articles which were
identified for starting this research and they were methodically evaluated. The information was
taken from studies which described hypertension as blood pressure more than the 95th Percentile
of age, height and sex provided the occurrence of the 8.3% for hypertension and 5.2% for
prehypertension. For the studies which referred to hypertension as BP more than 2 SD points
from the mean of the inhabitants, occurrence of the hypertension was identified as 4%. The
burden globally that hypertension is increasing and the burden of another disease as well is
related to the increase in the blood pressures. It is presently measured that hypertension impacts
total 1 billion people across the world. Hypertension is a source of worry due to the mortality and
morbidity conditions as well as because it starts in the childhood or in adult life only. With
response to this reality, it is always advised that blood pressures are routinely evaluated in adults.
It is very significant in the financially developing countries like Nigeria where the medial
conditions are also focused on the transferrable diseases like malaria and tuberculosis etc. From
the time the publication of the study of hypertension in adults aged from 18 to 30 years, there
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Running head: Relation of Obesity and Hypertension in Adults
were researches which displayed the result of hypertension to be 0.1 to 17.6% in adults.
Nevertheless, there have been the present reviews for the patterns of BP in Nigerians. They
either are obese and that is how they have BP or they have hypertension. Within adults, the
occurrence of obesity rises up in the men more than in women. The occurrence of obesity in
African Americans is 1.4 times higher than the White people and Mexican Americans. The socio
economic and the demographic conversions that occur in the countries that are developing
actually add up to the escalation of the obesity in spite of the continuation of the nutritional
deficiencies. This is actually the double burden that puts burden on the health and economic
challenges in the populations where there are fewer resources. In the year 1998, the occurrence
of obesity in the world which is still developing like Nigeria, it increased from 2.3 to 19.8%
within 10 years of time (V 2014). The rate of Obesity has been increasing since 1980s in the
areas like Middle East, Pacific Islands and Australia and China. In addition to this, the
occurrence of the people and children being overweight has also risen up all across the world
wherever the data is obtainable. This disease is not considered as the disease anymore in the
developing countries due to people’s high socio economic status groups. The burden of being
overweight shifts towards the groups with less socio economic status as the gross products of the
country rises.
Study Goals and Objectives
The major goal of the research is to send the recommendations of the health specialists and the
policy makers for apt policies and discussions for the public in order to make them control their
weight on the right time (Kotchen 2010). This way they can easily get rid of the risks that are
related to the old age and the impacts which display the pessimistic effects of obesity on the
health of the adults. The key aim of the research is to experiment and display the relation in
between the obesity in adults and hypertension especially in Nigeria. Also, the other aim of the
research is to give the structure which is planned and has the explanation of the procedures
which are to be commenced for obtaining the aims with the option of having the apt funding
resource for the outcomes of the research and also in assisting the study of the research.
Data Collection
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Running head: Relation of Obesity and Hypertension in Adults
The collection of the data is done with the usage of the very structured questionnaire that gives
the knowledge on the socio demographic features of the participants, history of Hypertension and
obesity. This was the questionnaire which was presented on a very trivial group of public and the
alterations are made as aptly as they can be (Amole 2011). The doctors who are trained on the
aims of the screening and the application of the study tools were sued as the assistants in the
research. For the measurements of blood pressure, the apt size cuffs were being used for every
participant and the blood pressure was evaluated in every 2 minutes with the usage of the
standardized mercuric column Sphygmomanometer.
Study design and methods
The research was actually done on the patients of the clinic of the Baptist Medical Center in
Ogbomosho in the year 2008 in July. That particular hospital was a 200 bed mission hospital
which provides the initial and the secondary care in health. It was in reality the referral center for
every hospital in Ogbomosho (Olorun 2011). The key goal of the analysis was to identify
occurrence of Hypertension & the obesity rendering to WC & also if there is any connection
between the both.
A survey which was cross sectional and descriptive was used for this method. The participants
who actually gave the consent were aged 18 years and older because the study which was to be
done was in adults. The pregnant females and females in puerperium and the patients who had
ascites or intrabdominal masses were not involved in this study. A very systematic way was
actually being used for the selection of the applicants. The list of the patients who had
engagements at the hospital were taken to frame the example & then from the records, review
was taken as the average of 100 patients which was estimated to attend the clinic every day while
in the period of study. A fraction of 10 for the sampling was taken and as per the sampling
method which was simple and random, the very first subject from each 10 patients on the register
was actually selected by the researchers so that they could participate. The sticker of the
identification was placed on the record cards of the participants who were selected at the office
where records were kept and then they were sent to the consulting office which was elected for
the further research. The subjects who were selected were then screened and those people who
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