Occupational Therapy - PDF
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Added on 2021-06-14
Occupational Therapy - PDF
Added on 2021-06-14
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Running head: OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY1Occupational TherapyStudent’s NameInstitutional Affiliation
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY2Introduction Occupational therapy refers to the profession which enables people to do what they need to do through the therapeutic use of the meaningful daily activities. Here, the term occupation refers to the daily activities that people undertake as individuals or as a community to make use of time and bring some meaning to life. In the interdisciplinary school setting, the implementation of these laws was meant to improve service provision to the school children withdisabilities. The development of occupational therapy is woven into the fabric of human existence and has promoted our survival since times in memorial, hence it is not a new profession. It is obvious that when the health status of a person is not in normal conditions, the ability to perform an occupation or the daily activities becomes challenged. Evolution of occupational therapy, values, philosophies, and models. Occupational therapy started to emerge in 1700’s during the age of enlightenment when the ideas of revolution were sprouting concerning the mentally ill people. During those times, thementally ill people were regarded as a disgrace to the society, mistreated, and locked up. A scholar known as Phillipe Pinel and an English Quaker known as William Tuke started to challenge the beliefs of the society against the mentally ill, hence stirring up a new understandingof the same and possible treatment. Phillipe began an approach called “Moral Treatment and Occupation” in 1793 meant to treat mental illnesses. He believed that this would mean treating and healing the emotions of the mentally ill, hence promoting meaningful daily activities. This included music, physical exercises, and work as a means to cue emotional stress hence improving the ability to perform their duties. William Tuke too advocated against the beliefs about the mentally ill by developing principles of treating such people with care and consideration just as the other people. He promoted occupations and activities which would
OCCUPATIONAL THERAPY3reduce the signs of the patient’s mental illness. He initiated a retreat center in England where patients would engage in various activities according to their level of interests and ability. During 1840-1860 the treatment of mental illness was highly promoted in the American hospitalswhereby the benefits of arts and crafts were noticed as one can feel relaxed at the same time be productive. During 1980's and 1990's the occupational therapy majorly concentrated on improving the value of life of the patient hence involving education, screenings, prevention, health maintenance, and independence. Nowadays, occupation is much focused as a major profession while it is ever-evolving and dynamic.Various occupational therapists work in different settings with different disabilities and age groups. Thus, occupational therapy is dependent on the social environment that values the individuals and beliefs that everyone has their unique capability of acting on their own to achievea better health condition through occupation. One of the principles of the occupational therapy isthat the engaging in physical activities promote the well-being of a person and their ability to perform duties (Ashby et al, 2016). This leads to promoting sporting activities in the special school programs where children can exercise their potential talents in the field, hence stretching out their body muscles. The World Federation of Occupational Therapists stresses that people have the right to engage in a variety of activities which enables them to exploit their potential, flourish and experience satisfaction compatible with their culture and beliefs. It also promotes the provision of light work to the patients under medical supervision using handicraft which is not meant to make the patients craftsmen but rather promoting their mental and physical fitness. Occupational therapy thus focuses on directing the patient's involvement in selected activities to reinforce performance and facilitate the enhancement of skills and functions required for adaptation and productivity.
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