Operating System Architecture - Relationships, CPU Functions, and Different Types of Operating Systems

Running head: OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Operating System Architecture
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1OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Table of Contents
The Relationships between Hardware Components and the Subsystems.......2
Different Types of subsystems and the way they are organized:.................2
Central Processing Unit and its Functions....................................................3
Key features and services provided by different computer operating systems
and hardware:..................................................................................................6
Different operating systems including the purpose, use and hardware
requirements of each:..................................................................................6
1. Normal Operating System:.......................................................................7
A. Character User Interface Operating System......................................7
B. Graphical User Interface Operating System......................................7
2. Real-Time Operating system:...................................................................8
The key features associated with the architecture of an operating system: 9
Network Communication Technology and the Associated Services to Connect
Computer Systems........................................................................................12
Relationships between hardware and network addresses..........................12
Diagnostic and Troubleshooting Skills to Solve Hardware, Software and
Networking Related Issues............................................................................15
Troubleshoot and document solutions to various technical hardware,
software and networking issues.................................................................15
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2OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
References:....................................................................................................18
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3OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
The Relationships between Hardware Components and the
Subsystems
Different Types of subsystems and the way they are organized:
Computer cab be classified into three major categories or subsystems
and this mainly includes the CPU or the Central Processing Unit, the memory
unit that is the Virtual and the physical memory and lastly the Input and
output system which mainly includes the monitors, keyboards, mouse
monitors, scanners and many more (Silberschatz, Galvin and Gagne 2014).
The figure provided below shows a rough description of the computer
hardware. The three separate subsystems have been shown below:
Fig 1: The Computer Subsystems
The Central Processing Unit: This is associated with the controlling of the
numerous activities of the computer which includes the performing of the
arithmetic and logical operations (Stallings et al. 2012). Besides this the CPU
also consists of the very small amount of memory which is very fast.
Memory: This is associated with providing of various kind of storages for the
instructions that the CPU has and the data that is to be manipulated.
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4OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
Input and Output Devices: This is associated with creating a link of
communication between the real world and the computer storage devices.
Bus: This acts as a pathway for communication assisted by a certain protocol
which specifies exactly the pathway that is to be used.
Central Processing Unit and its Functions
CPU or the Central processing unit is the microprocessor or a processor
which is generally considered to be the brain of the computer. CPU is
generally responsible for conducting all the processes as well as the
functions of the computer and along with this it is also considered to be the
most important element of the computer system (Rainie and Wellman 2012).
There exists thousands of small thin layer of transistors which are associated
with the receiving of various set of inputs and initially produces the output.
There exists two type of storage where the CPU is associated with interacting
with the primary storage or the main memory of the computer (Leva et al.
2013).
There exists three major components of the CPU and this mainly
includes the ALU or the Arithmetic Logic Unit, control unit and lastly the
registers. The different units has been shown and described below:
Fig 1: Major components of the CPU
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5OPERATING SYSTEM ARCHITECTURE
ALU or the Arithmetic Logic Unit: In the ALU there exists and electronic
circuitry which is associated with the execution of the arithmetic as well as
the logical operations which is totally obvious from its name. this involves
the making of calculations like the addition, subtraction and many more. This
is also associated with the comparing of numbers, special characters or
letters. A CPU might be consisting of more than one ALU which can be used
for the purpose of maintaining the timers which would be helping the
computers to run (Peter et al. 2016).
The CU or the Control Unit: This is associated with the usage of the
electric signals for the purpose of providing instructions to the entire
computer system. This instructions are provided in order to carry out the
operations and execute them (Hansen 2013). As stated in the name this is
associated with controlling and coordinating the components of the
computer. This unit is responsible for the extracting of the instructions from
the memory so as to decode them and execute them. So it can be stated
that this is associated with the regulation of the flow of information or better
to say that the unit is associated with receiving, decoding and storing of the
result which is initially followed by the execution of this data which are
flowing through the CPU.
Registers/the Memory Unit: This is generally considered to be the temporary
storage area that is associated with the holding of the data which needs to
be processed. They are also responsible for storing the instructions as well as
the data in a processor. The Control unit is also associated with the usage of
this data.
The programs generally consists of a sequence of information which is
generally stored in the memory. Whenever it is seen that the CPU is ready
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