Operational & Project Management

Operations & Project
Management

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
PART 1............................................................................................................................................1
Overview of the chosen organisation.....................................................................................1
Difference between operation and operational management.................................................1
Critique and review of the execution of operations management principles.........................1
Analyze the extent to which the operations management is useful for the business..............2
Discuss continuous improvement as a philosophy and describe the Lean principles............3
Prepare a continuous improvement plan................................................................................4
Recommendations..................................................................................................................5
PART 2............................................................................................................................................5
Overview................................................................................................................................5
Project Life Cycle...................................................................................................................5
Critique and review effectiveness of PLC by using concepts and models..........................10
Critically analyse how different theories, concepts and models could be used between large
and small-scale projects........................................................................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
Operation management is set of several business practices which helps an organisation in
creating the higher level of efficiency in the production activities so that productivity and
profitability of the business can be increased. It is also concerned with converting the raw
material into finished goods in order to maximise the profit (Operations and Project Management,
2019). The project management is a process of initiating, planning, executing, organising,
controlling and monitoring the company's monetary and non monetary resources in order to
accomplish a specific project. In this study, the two organisations will be taken which are M&S
and Portakabin, these both are operating their business under manufacturing activities. This file
will cover about the various principles of operation management and effectiveness of continuous
improvement plan. Along with this, the effectualness of project life cycle in effectively
completing the project will also discuss in this report.
PART 1
Overview of the chosen organisation
Mark and Spencer is a multinational British retailer which is operating their business in
manufacturing the high quality clothes, food and home products. This company is formed by
Michael Marks and Thomas Spencer in 1884 and its headquarters are situated in London and
Westminster. M&S have almost 1463 outlets worldwide and almost 80,787 employees which
enables them to cover a huge marketplace(Heldman, 2018).
Difference between operation and operational management
Operations refers to those activities or functions which are conducting by an organisation
to convert its raw material into finished goods in order to earn higher profit by delivering them to
the customers. Whereas, the operation management is an important part of the management team
in which the manager concern for various processes like designing, executing, controlling and
redesigning of the business operations in the production of goods and services.
Critique and review of the execution of operations management principles.
Operation management has various principles which are useful for the business
organisation in reaching their strategic targets and goals. In order to implement an appropriate
principle within their business, operation manager of the M&S must focus on analysing and
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reviewing these principles effectively so that the profitability and brand value of the business can
be maximised. As the M&S give their main focus on smoothing their supply chain and gain
competitive advantage so that it is necessary for them to go through from these principles:
 Principle of Organisation: This principle depicts that an organisation must stay concern
for proper utilising of all the organisational resources so that production activities of the
business can be operated in a significant manner. In the case of manufacturing company
like M&S, in order to make their supply chain smooth and gain competitive benefit they
should use the innovative techniques and using hybrid trucks so that the quality and the
delivery system of the business can be improved. But in this case the overall cost of the
business will be increased.
 Principle of Change: This principle define that changes which are required within the
technologies in manufacturing activities should be adopted by the business organisation as
it enables them to operate all the activities as per current market trends. M&S must adopt
these changes in their organisation in order to meet the improve the supply chain and gain
competitive advantage. Also, it will help them to reduce their operational cost and provide
quality goods to the customers.
 Principle of Reality: This principle pertains that the organisation must stay concern for
the present issues or situations rather than the estimations of the using techniques and
methodologies. This principle is followed by the M&S as they are providing a range of
products and services to the customers due to this it becomes more crucial for them to
determine the issue in their one product which has impact on the demand of other
products so it is essential for them to focus on issue not on technology in which they have
already invest a huge amount of money(Pheng and Meng, 2018).
 Principle of quality control: The consideration of this principle in the business operation
is become essential for those who are leading their business in manufacturing activities. In
order to attract a range of customers M&S must focus on producing high quality products
by using the quality material, effective techniques and processes so that they can sustain
their business position in the competitive marketplace.
Analyze the extent to which the operations management is useful for the business
Operation management is useful for the business as it enables the business in maintaining
their supply chain process and gain the competitive advantage as within supply chain process the
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