Organisation Behaviour Report

This report examines the principles of organizational behavior and its impact on individual performance and team dynamics within A.M. (Holdings) Limited. It analyzes the influence of culture, politics, and power on employee behavior, evaluates motivation theories and techniques, and explores the differences between effective and ineffective teams. The report also applies concepts and philosophies of organizational behavior to provide insights into leadership styles and decision-making processes.

Organisation Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
P1 Analyse culture, politics and power influence on individual performance and behaviour1
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................4
P2 Evaluate motivation theories and techniques that enable effective achievement of goals4
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................7
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.............................................................7
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour.......................................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................11
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................12

INTRODUCTION
Organisation behaviour assist company to have knowledge about individual behaviour
and team working, so that business goals and objectives are accomplished in effective manner.
(Odetunde, 2013). It is required for human resource management to conduct appropriate working
environment for staff members in order to perform their assigned tasks effectively. Along this,
they even require to maintain relations with subordinate by motivating them toward business
objectives and goals. This assist firm to have skilled and competent people which conduct
activities and accomplish predetermine objectives within appropriate time period. Present report
is based on A.M (Holdings) Limited, which is medium size organisation that sell confectionery
foil and laminated carton board in UK. This assignment specifies influence of culture, politics
and power on employees behaviour and performance. Along this, management examine and use
motivation theories and techniques to formulate effective team which is good than an ineffective
group to timely achieve goals. Thus, organisation behaviour concepts and philosophies helps top
personnel to design system according to market situation.
TASK 1
P1 Analyse culture, politics and power influence on individual performance and behaviour
Each and every organisation is existing in environment which implement effective
changes with time. In this, management having responsibility to give adequate working
conditions to workers to make them perform activities in systematic and proficient manner. It is
necessary that appropriate organisation culture is provided to subordinates. Besides this, top
personnel even require to delegate and provide power to employees to increase their morale and
dedication. Human resource of A.M (Holdings) Limited require to have sufficient resources that
is funds, material and workforce to execute activities effectively. For this, management need to
have knowledge about culture, politics and power affect on performance and behaviour of
individual and team ( Pollack, Costello and Sankaran, 2013). Thus, they are able to provide
design system and provide appropriate environment and facilities to members to make them
complete work and targets within defined time frame.
Culture: Organisation culture is tactic which includes values, norms, values,
assumptions, belief and many other components which are dependable on knowledge of
management. These aspect influence on behaviour and performance of subordinates in team and
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also on organisation. A.M (Holdings) Limited is packaging and containers sector firm in which
HR manager created positive culture and efficient working environment is provided to
employees. This help management to have motivated staff which conduct activities and deliver
quality items and services to people. Along this, they are even able to reduce employee turnover
rate and absenteeism for completion of goals and objectives within defined time. Hence, these
are different forms of culture which affect on working of staff is described beneath:
Role culture: This tactic define about functional structure which is followed by
organisation to arrange and provide them superior to whom they are accountable. It is human
resource duty to provide duties and responsibilities to members in respect to their skills and
knowledge. In A.M (Holdings) Limited, HR assign tasks to subordinates in according to their
specialisation, so that they are able to perform operations effectively. This help management in
execution of business activities for completion of business objectives ( Georgalis, Samaratunge,
Kimberley and Lu, 2015).
Task culture: It is another aspect which specifies that small and medium sized firms have
limited resources which require to be utilised efficiently. Management require to design system
and distribute members in team to make them perform tasks effectively. Along this, they even
require to communicate information to staff about duties and business objectives to make them
focused towards their tasks. In A.M (Holdings) Limited, HR maintain relations with subordinates
to acknowledge their issues and conflicts, thereby provide them appropriate solutions. This help
manager to have skilled employees to improve productivity of company.
Person culture: It is form of organisational culture which define that management major
focus are employees which comprises essential part in organisation. It is necessary that firm have
adequate manpower which are competent to perform tasks effectively. For this, administration of
A.M (Holdings) Limited conduct training and development sessions and seminars to enhance
skills and capabilities of staff. This help subordinates to learn new things and gain experience to
grow in career. Along this, it also benefits company in business growth by implementation of
innovative and creative business ideas.
Power culture: This tactic specifies that in organisation only few members get authority
to make decisions and rules. Subordinates of A.M (Holdings) Limited get work and they require
to execute operations in according to policies and regulations specified by management. Along
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this, members performance is judged by comparing their outcomes with standards which aid top
personnel to make appropriate decisions which are beneficial for company.
From the above forms of culture, in A.M (Holdings) Limited management uses task
culture which is to implement appropriate equipments and tools in system for execution of
business operations effectively. Employees are divided into team and provided duties to make
them perform tasks, thereby utilise resources efficiently. Along this, HR conduct training and
development sessions to improve skills and capabilities of staff members to deliver appropriate
packaging products to people. Thus, company's productivity and profitability improves which is
due to systematic functioning of employees.
Politics: In organisation, power and authority are two aspects which define that top
personnel responsibility is to provide duties to tasks to members to construct appropriate position
and image of firm in market ( Unsworth, Dmitrieva and Adriasola, 2013). This is a negative
tactic which is reason for formulation of unnecessary issues within firm. It also affect on
behaviour and performance of individual and team. For example, A.M. (Holdings) limited, says
that to follow all the governmental rules and regulation for running their business operations as it
aid them to achieve their goals and objectives effectively. Along with this, it also helps them to
maintaining competition and sustainability for long period of time at market place. Also, this aids
their organisation to expand it at global level and earn more foreign exchange. Subordinates
become part of politics with aim of enhancing their position in A.M (Holdings) Limited. But, this
impact on their work and company's performance which is defined below:
Decline in productivity: Politics is tactic which produces competition among members to
get authority affect on their working. Along this, top personnel enforces duties and tasks to staff
to accomplish business objectives. A.M (Holdings) Limited performance and behaviour of
employees is affected by internal politics which produces conflicts and disputes in firm.
Subordinates focus to complete work within defined time and didn't give attention to quality of
tasks.
Enhances the stress level: This is another factor which implies effect of politics on
working environment. Subordinates required to get recognition and growth in respect to their
performance and outcomes. Along this, stress level of employees also increases due to feeling of
jealousy and competition. In A.M (Holdings) Limited, manager stress is another cause that
impact on performance of team members, as they will not be motivated which affect on their
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work ( Wood and et. al., 2016). Group performance relies on team leader whose stress level
affect on dedication and motivation of employees. Along this, individual performance in team
also gets impacted due to competition level and colleagues which require to make success and
grow in career.
Power: This tactic define about capability of individual to persuade and provide
responsibilities to lower members within organisation. Top personnel duty is to design system
and conduct business activities to achieve goals and objectives. In A.M (Holdings) Limited,
management has power to provide duties to employees and provide them knowledge about
vision and objectives of firm to make them work accordingly. This aspect have both positive and
negative affects on performance of subordinates which is described below:
Reward power: This is efficient element which help management to enhance employees
performance by providing them compensation in according to their outcomes and work. It is
form of power which benefits top personnel to motivate staff and make them dedicated to
execute activities effectively. HR of A.M (Holdings) Limited is able to retain skilled and
competent people for longer period, as company provide adequate monetary benefits to influence
members and make them perform tasks with quality to gain reward.
Coercive power: It is another type of power which define that top management frame
rules and policies which subordinates require to follow to conduct work in according to them. In
A.M (Holdings) Limited, administration have set targets and benchmark which packaging team
require to achieve. This help them to direct members and make them attain targets to get
appropriate compensation. Thus, it is negative form of power which demotivate staff, as they
have pressure to complete work within defined time and manner specifies by head.
Henceforth, it can be comprehended that organisation culture, power and politics are
various factors which impacts on behaviour and performance of individual and team. It is human
resource manager responsibility to provide positive working environment and conditions to
members to make them work effectively (Glendon, Clarke and McKenna, 2016). Along this,
they even require to reduce and diminish politics tactic from workplace to prevent employees
from negative components.
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TASK 2
P2 Evaluate motivation theories and techniques that enable effective achievement of goals
Management require to have skilled and competent staff to execute business activities
effectively and achieve business goals and objectives. For this, it is necessary that human
resource increase morale of members and make them dedicated to perform tasks effectively.
Each organisation require improvement in productivity and performance of subordinates to make
them timely accomplish targets. HR manager of A.M (Holdings) Limited has expertise to handle
workforce by making members work in team and motivating them to work in efficient manner
( Hamer and Collinson, 2014). They have knowledge of different motivation theories and select
best one to enhance work of employees to make them deliver quality products and services to
people. Thus, these are two types of motivation theories which are stated beneath:
Content theory: This tactic includes models which define information about behaviour of
human and their preferences. Individuals have different needs and demands which determine
organisation to perform better operations to satisfy them and fulfil their requirements. It is
necessary that management direct members by providing them framework to motivate them and
conduct activities effectively to deliver quality products and services to people. In context to HR
manager of A.M (Holdings) limited, used content theory for analysing the need and demand of
human which is going to be change in future time period.
Herzberg's two factor theory: This model was developed by Frederick Herzberg which
define information about various components which can be divided into two parts that is hygiene
and motivational. HR manager of A.M (Holdings) limited, identifies which factors satisfied and
dissatisfied their employees within an organisation. This is because, it helps to solve the
problems of employees and maintaining their long term sustainability. This is description of both
factors which is as follows:
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Illustration 1: Herzberg's two factor theory of
motivation
(Source: Herzberg's two factor theory of motivation, 2018)
Maintenance/ Hygiene factors: It is essential tactic which comprises importance in each
and every organisation. HR manager of A.M (Holdings) Limited require to consider these
components and provide appropriate facilities and conditions to members to prevent them from
getting dissatisfied by job. These are different hygiene factors which are described below:
Company policies: Management A.M (Holdings) Limited require to frame policies and
strategies flexible and simple which are easily understood and change to make system function in
according to market conditions ( Huhtala and et. al., 2013).
Physical working conditions: Administration of A.M (Holdings) Limited main duty is to
provide positive working environment to members to make them perform tasks effectively. It is
necessary that clean, safe and hygienic conditions are provided to staff to retain them for longer
time. Along this, manager even require to update machines and equipments to deliver quality
packaging items to clients.
Pay and fringe benefits: Human resource manager of A.M (Holdings) Limited have
formulated salary structure to provide appropriate compensation to subordinates in according to
their performance and outcomes. Along this, they even require to provide heath care plan,
transportation and other benefits to members to motivate them and perform tasks effectively.
Interpersonal relations: Management of A.M (Holdings) Limited construct and maintain
relations with staff members to provide them information about business objectives and tasks
required top be performed by them to deliver appropriate packaging products to customers.
Along this, they are even able to acknowledge issues and conflicts faced by employees, thereby
provide them solutions to retain skilled and competent people for longer period.
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Motivational factors: This is another aspect which includes components that help
management to increase morale of staff members and make them dedicated towards assigned
duties. These are satisfiers which help top personnel of A.M (Holdings) Limited to have
motivated staff which complete tasks within defined time.
Recognition: Human resource require to inform members about their capabilities by
praising their work and outcomes. This help manager of A.M (Holdings) Limited to have
motivated staff which will conduct activities in more efficient manner to get recognition from
heads ( Ifinedo, 2012).
Growth and promotional opportunities: Individuals work in organisation to use their
skills and knowledge to gain and learn new things and experience. It is essential that
management of A.M (Holdings) Limited provide promotion and growth chances to members to
move in career and increase their post.
Responsibility: Management of A.M (Holdings) Limited require to provide duties and
tasks to staff members to make them perform tasks and deliver appropriate packaging products to
people. It is necessary that employees are made accountable for quality of items, so that they
have determination to conduct activities in efficient manner.
Process theory: This is another aspect which define that management require to make
changes in system and conduct business activities to achieve business objectives. It is also
necessary that appropriate operations are being executed by top personnel and members to
sustain company's position in market. In reference to HR manager of A.M (Holdings) limited,
says that process theory helps them to develop an innovative ideas for managing business
activities in order to attain organisational goals and objectives effectively.
Vroom's expectancy theory: This model was propounded by Victor H. Vroom which
includes three components that are Expectancy, Instrumentality and Valence. These are
components which define that management require to acknowledge requirements of members in
respect to compensation to provide them salary accordingly. This help human resource to
motivate staff and make them perform tasks effectively. Expectancy: Management of A M (Holdings) Limited encourage staff to make them work
hard to gain appropriate salary. They provide incentives and rewards to best performers
which motivate members to perform tasks effectively.
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 Instrumentality:It is essential process which is conducted by HR to acknowledge
capabilities of employees by using appropriate tools and techniques of measurement. This
help management to provide knowledge to team members about reward and outcomes
required to be accomplished by them (Avey, Palanski and Walumbwa, 2011).
 Valence: This tactic define degree to management of A M (Holdings) Limited in which
members can be rewarded in respect to their outcomes. Promotion to employees is
appropriate and efficient tool which aid HR to motivate staff.
TASK 3
P3 Effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
Each and every organisation, top personnel frame department and distribute members for
execution of business activities effectively. It is necessary that management of A M (Holdings)
Limited make employees work in team and coordinate their efforts to utilise resources
efficiently. Along this, they even require to have knowledge about effective and ineffective team
to prevent firm and staff from time consuming activities.
An organisation have two types of group which are effective and ineffective team.
Management responsibility is to have complete and accurate knowledge about capabilities of
subordinates to make them perform tasks in respect to defined policies and rules. Effective team
is one which execute work in according to strategies of superior to deliver appropriate products
and services in market in respect to demands and requirements of clients. Apart from this, an
ineffective team don't follow rules of manager and conduct activities in according to their own
skills and knowledge ( Bolino and et. al., 2013). This have chance that employees will complete
work in innovative manner or possibility of unaccomplished work also.
Manager of A M (Holdings) Limited require systematic execution of business activities
to utilise resources properly. It is necessary that performance of company improves and
administration design system in such manner that issues at workplace are reduced.
Difference between effective and ineffective team
Basis Effective team Ineffective team
Decision making Manager of this team involve
employees in decision-making
process to motivate them by
In this, subordinates are involved in
decision-making activity. But as, team
members have different thoughts and
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providing them opportunity to
share their thoughts and views.
Thus, appropriate judgements are
made by top personnel which are
beneficial for company.
opinions which creates conflicts and
issues at organisation. Hence,
appropriate judgements are not made
by top personnel.
Working
Environment
Effective team provides positive
working environment and conduct
training and development sessions
to enhance skills and knowledge of
staff yo make them perform tasks
effectively. This help management
to achieve business goals and
objectives.
Manager of ineffective team make
working environment stressful to make
employees complete duties within
defined time frame. Subordinate attain
tasks, but they don't give attention to
quality of product and services which
have chance of decline in organisation
reputation in market.
Tuckman's Team Development: This model consists four stages which management of
A M (Holdings) Limited conduct to formulate team and utilise resources efficiently are
(Tuckman, 2012):
Forming: It is first step of team development which define that HR distribute staff into
group in according their skills and capabilities. This help A M (Holdings) Limited to have
adequate team which conduct activities and provide appropriate packaging products to people.
Storming: This is essential phase which specifies that management interact with
employees to acknowledge their opinions and provide them information about business goals and
objectives to perform tasks accordingly. It is necessary that members are coordinated and bind
them with each other to make them cooperative ( Carpenter, Berry and Houston, 2014).
Norming: Top personnel formulate policies and strategies to direct superiors and
employees to perform tasks effectively. It is essential that manager of A M (Holdings) Limited
define and specify norms to members to make them work in respect to defined benchmarks.
Performing: This stage comprises importance in firm which is subordinate work to
deliver appropriate products or services in market to generate income for sustaining their
position and image in market. In A M (Holdings) Limited, employees are made work in team to
provide adequate packaging products to customers.
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Adjourning: This is last step in which management disperse and break team after
completion of defined work and objective.
Belbin's Theory: This model was propounded by Dr Meredith Belbin which define
about tendency of individual behaviour and performance in team. Thus, these are various
elements which are part of this theory are explained below:
Plant: Organisation require to have adequate tools and equipments implemented in
system for execution of business activities effectively. A M (Holdings Limited) provide
confectionery foil and laminated carton board, for which management require to design system
and use appropriate machines to deliver quality products to people.
Resource allocator: A M (Holdings Limited) is medium firm which require proper
utilisation of resources that are funds, material and manpower. For this, management frame team
which help company to construct appropriate position in market (Contrafatto and Burns, 2013).
Co-ordinator: Management of A M (Holdings Limited) responsibility is to make
employees perform tasks in team and coordinate their efforts.
Shaper: In A M (Holdings Limited), manager distribute members in different department
to make them perform tasks and utilise resources efficiently.
Monitor evaluator: Management frame benchmarks and provide policies which help
them to analyse capabilities of employees by comparing actual results with standards.
Teamwork: It is management duty to construct relations with subordinates to make them
work in efficient manner. Along this, they even require to coordinate efforts and bind members
to perform tasks in team.
Implementer: Human resource of uses motivational theories and organisation
philosophies to design system and conduct business activities to accomplish business goals and
objectives.
Complete: Management of A M (Holdings Limited) provide direction to team members
which help them to attain business operations timely.
TASK 4
P4 Apply concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour
Motivation is tactic which has importance in organisation which is to have dedicated staff
which conduct activities effectively. Human resource responsibility is to encourage subordinates
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by providing them appropriate working environment and conditions in firm. Herzberg's two
factor theory and Vroom's expectancy theory are two motivation theories which are used by
manager of A M (Holdings) Limited. This help company to have dedicated staff to make growth
and success in future time. Along this, path goal theory is also used by HR to direct and lead
team members to make them complete work within defined time.
Path goal theory: It is leadership model which was developed by Robert house. This
concept define that leader responsibility is to motivate staff by providing them direction and
guidance to perform tasks effectively (Elstad, Christophersen and Turmo, 2012). Management of
A M (Holdings) Limited formulate strategies and policies to make employees execute work in
defined manner. Along this, they even frame team and distribute members for making them
conduct activities and help top personnel to utilise resources efficiently. Subordinates are given
information about organisation's objectives and targets, so that they conduct operations
accordingly. This theory has four different styles which leader adopts in according to
functionality of system and market condition are stated below:
Directive: This leadership style define that superior inform members about roles and
duties which require to be conducted by them. Along this, subordinates are also given targets and
aware about business objectives to make them function accordingly. This help leader of A M
(Holdings) Limited to have motivated staff which complete targets within defined time.
Participative: This leadership style specifies that management involve subordinates in
decision-making process to make appropriate judgements and select things which are beneficial
for performance of company. This help leader to motivate staff and make them dedicated by
giving value to their thoughts and opinion ( Fagbohungbe, Akinbode and Ayodeji, 2012).
Supportive: In A M (Holdings) Limited, leader construct and maintain relations with
employees to make them motivated and dedicated towards job. Along this, they even provide
guidance and instruction to subordinates to make them work in systematic manner. Thus,
manager is able to have knowledge about issues and conflicts faced by members to provide them
solutions. This help company to retain skilled and competent people for longer time.
Achievement- oriented: It is another leadership style which define situation that
challenging targets are set by leader to enhance their performance and capabilities. This help
superior of A M (Holdings) Limited to motivate staff members by acknowledging their potential
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and abilities. Hence, company also able to improve its position in market by having talented and
skilled employees which deliver quality products to people.
It has been evaluated that, there are various concepts of fundamental of organisational
behaviour such as perception, motivated behaviour and many more. In context to perception,
meany every individual has their own different perception which is based on their lifestyle, value
of object, experience and so on. Whereas, motivated behaviour means that every individuals
have their own need which they have want to fulfil it accordingly and for this employees achieve
organisational goals and objectives. With reference to A.M. Holdings Limited, they both
fundamental concept as it helps them to increase productivity and makes best decision-making.
Along with this, it has been analysed that philosophies of organisational behaviour
contain two philosophy i.e., contingency philosophy and autocratic philosophy. The main motive
of contingency philosophy is to help an individuals for preparing future plans as it provides
proper guidance to them for dealing with the problems effectively. On the other hand, autocratic
philosophy ensures that to manage future plans in context to attain organisational goals and
objectives. In context to A.M. Holdings Limited, they should use contingency philosophy as it
aids them to manage organisational efficiency and improves organisational culture in an effective
manner.
CONCLUSION
From the above report, it can be concluded that organisation behaviour is an important
tactic which define that management duty is to provide appropriate working environment and
conditions to employees. It is necessary that subordinates are made to work in team to utilise
resources efficiently. Each and every organisation functionality is affected by power, politics and
culture aspects which comprises essential role in influencing behaviour and performance of
individual and team. Human resource responsibility is to have knowledge about motivational
theories and organisational behaviour philosophies and concepts to select appropriate one.
Manger require to motivate and dedicate subordinates to make them perform tasks effectively
and complete work within defined deadline. For this, Herzberg's two factor theory and Vroom's
expectancy theory are various model of motivation. Along this, they even examine knowledge
about effective and ineffective team to formulate team accordingly.
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