Organisational Behaviour

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P1. Discuss how the organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance....................................................................................................1
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................5
P2. Demonstrate about the content theory and process theories of motivation techniques
enables the accomplishment of effective desirable goals of organizational..........................5
LO 3.................................................................................................................................................8
P3. Describes about the making the effective team as opposed to an ineffective team........8
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................10
P4. By making examining of the approaches and philosophies of organizational behavior
within an organizational context and given as per the business situation............................10
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13

INTRODUCTION
The Organisational behaviour is the process of managerial study where the examine of
human study behaviour in organisational premises in form of organisation settings, the interface
of the human behaviour and the organisation making their own strategies through implementing
the managerial sources (RENAUD, WOOD and MARTIN., 2019). The learning of human
behaviour is focus on attitude and perspective about the individual in terms of situation arises the
steps taken by the individual would give a favourable outcomes or not, as well as it also mapped
the performances through the pursuing of the activity or approaches by an individual in the
organisation evaluate by an manager or expertise in organisation behaviour.
Introduction about company
A Ryanair company is the international transportation airline budgeted which was
established in 1984, and the headquarter is situated in the London, United Kingdom as the
operational bases at Dublin and London Stansted Airport where they used to settle down the
docks and ships loadout as per the company orders with successful flotation. As it covered the
over all the carriage of the United Kingdom business transport activities related to the business
through shipping for making them successfully (Sidhu and et. al., 2020).
1

2

3

4

5

LO 1.
P1. Discuss how the organisation’s culture, politics and power influence individual and team
behaviour and performance
The Organisational Behaviour is all about the short study of human behaviour attitude in
the organisation aspects to way analyse their performances. As organisational behaviour consist
about the organisational culture, power and politics where it implies through the context of
company for improvising and impact these factor in employee performance and behaviour .
Organizational Culture:
This organizational culture elaborates about the importance of values, attitude and
behavior which contributes towards the development of psychological of business environment.
The Organizational culture influence the people’s reaction on the situation arises as the way they
represent themselves in terms of knowledges and certain behavior.
Handy’s Model is a complied of management tools which is assorting to analyze the
organizational culture aspects in terms of individual and team performance. As for this report of
organizational behavior the Handy model is considered for mapping the scenario of Ryanair
company internal structure.
As there is organizational culture have considered a Handy’s model for context of Ryanair
Company which emphasis the characteristics regarding power, role, task and person. These are
the elaborated below:
 Person Culture: In organization there is certainty of particular person’s culture which
confined the influence in the organization premises through effective workforce, skills
and performances.
 Power culture: This culture defines about the holding a authority of power within
individual and spread in the organization internal premises.
 Role culture: In organizational having a role culture based on the role of the individuals
as well as group which is highly potential and controlled through the roles and
responsibilities (Comper, 2019).
6

 Task culture: This is form with the only motive of to attain the specific addresses the
objective which having provides the organizational task or employee should have ficuses
on the task oriented aspects.
For the above discussion of organizational culture which is currently follow and
operates in Ryanair company is Task Culture, where this culture influence to motivate the
employees for their working objectives and enhance their skills for further task. Ryanair
company’s manager assort to measure the capability of individual and group ones and as per
the competency the specific task is assigned to them
Organizational Politics:
An organizational politics is comprising about the systematic compliance procedure of
human behavior in the context of power and authority which can controlled the work
environment of organizational premises, where now the organizational politic is a technique
which it helps to balanced the work and employees behavior with the work culture.
As the report of organizational behavior the considered of Metaphor’s organizational
politics where it promotes four quadrant and emphasis about the strategies where leaders or
managers are used to implies on it.
As there are four quadrants of Metaphors that consisting about organizational politics
which influence the power as well as maintain the organization activities within the premises, So
there are following major highlight point of organizational politics are given:
 The High Grounds: As the high ground enhanced about the formally activation of higher
authority implementation within the organization in context of making policies, rules and
regulation with proper guidelines and the procedures which can influences the political
workforce.
 The Weeds: In this quadrant, Jarrett’s point of view the personal influence and informal
network rule because it dynamic that helps to develop naturally without any errors or
maintenance.
 The Rocks: This quadrant is emphasis about the individual interactions and formal
sources of authority in terms of job role, expertise or access to resources that shows
individual or teams work related description as well as specification.
7

 The Woods: It applies the formal procedure and guidelines which can affect the
organization compliances related to norms and policies towards the development of the
safety measures within the work culture (Bonnar and et. al., 2019).
As per the Four Quadrant of Metaphor of organisational politics which currently follows and
operate by Ryanair Company is mostly the factor of High Ground Politics influence which
allows to form effective compliances that consists about the work guidelines which describes the
rules and regulations, policy or norms that made basic political activities. These rules and other
norms procure to the individual and team to assess their behaviour, traits and attitudes towards
organizational work, that instruct to particular manpower in Ryanair to pursue the work process
as per the company guidelines.
Organizational Power:
The organizational power is generates the presence of having the abilities to create the
impactful of environment which can affect the behavior and attitude towards the stakeholder by
which it can controlled all activities and undertake authority of all compliances decision within
the organization.
Through the types of power is according to the French and Raven Power which
comprises about the influence as the change in the belief, behavior, attitude of targeted specific
person by generating the outcomes as per the action taken on the other person reaction.
Numerous factor of the power in French and Raven Power which influenced the organization
decision making are as follows: Reward power: This sort of power is depicts the assorting of rewards to employees
attention to make them follow an instruction or guidelines. For example, when a
employee takes leave and in weekends he/she puts his contribution to completes the
particular target deadline.
8

Cohesive Power: This power is to implies the punishment power to the negative
9

 outcomes where it comprises about the getting punish to those who are influencing the
unwanted errors.
 Expert Power: This power is emphasis about the knowledge having with experts where
they can utilize to implement the improvisation in the workforce as well in the
organization culture activity.
 Legitimate Power: This power is basically hold the position power where a particular
person holds in the context of delivering the suitable job roles and responsibilities within
the organization (Fagernes and Couch, 2018).
Through the perspective as for above discussion of organization power which follows and
undertaken by the Ryanair company is Expert power, as the experienced managers or leader
are appointed by Ryanair company who are expert in their particular work streams and they
enhance the instruction and direction to individual and group employees to related their wrk
objective or regarding with their projects, where they improvise their work along with gain
optimum knowledge about specific tasks deliverables.
LO 2.
P2. Demonstrate about the content theory and process theories of motivation techniques enables
the accomplishment of effective desirable goals of organizational.
Motivation: It is the part of the management activities as the one of the prominent
effective method that provides the experience of the specific desire or objective to accomplish
with the some particular motive, a motivation has a both objective as well as subjective aspect
(Amankwaa, Abass and Gyasi, 2018). There is theory of motivation which is compiled ask by
McGregor where it described about the role of motivation in managerial aspects such as in
leadership, coordination etc.
As motivation has consisting about the two theories of process theory and content theory
which explains about the function and key role in the management aspects and business aspects
as well the difference between also propounded below:
Content Theory Process Theory
 A content theory is also comprisisng a
need theory where it assorting through
 A process theory is comprises about
behavioral process which individual
10

the motivation, where it describes the
necessity and basic requirement is
essential to motivate and enhance the
employee morale.
 Content theory is covered through
generates the Maslow’s need hierarchy
theory on which it facilitates about the
basic needs to higher needs of person
life as well as in professional life
expectations.
person get motivated in particular way
are to be referred by a manager or
leader.
 It contains the two theories as Path
Goal theory as well as Reinforcement
theory which implies rewarding
behavior result outcomes in the
organization (Liasidou, 2018).
Content Theory:
It is the set of motivation theories that try to instruct about what factors which motivate
the person. Content theory is basically depicts about the particular system of need that motivates
to the people for their goals or objectives and influence to taking action for accomplish purposes
where is measure the impact which makes affect to the behaviour of an individuals as well as
group ones.
Maslow Hierarchy theory: This theory is emphasis about the best approaches of attaining all the
needs which are aspect into individual motive or expectations which includes the observation
and curiosity of human’s specific needs are follows:
 Psychology Need: It is a concept of the major basic needs of human which is
necessary presence of human life to survival, where the psychological need comprises
about the focuses towards the internal motivation. It enhanced the needs like food,
shelter, water, clothes etc.
 Safety needs: In the Maslow’s Hierarchy needs this is the major essential productivity
of security measures where every human being want in his or her life weather it related
to personal or professional life such as insurance, health measures, allowances or other
benefits which derives the long term satisfaction (Gardner and Dunkin, 2018).
 Love and Belongings: This theory is also known as social belonging where after the
basic and safety needs the particular person having a desire to attaining love from
family, friends or at workplace by which it creates the self satisfaction but it also
11

derives about to self loving where a individual come across by the acceptance of love
and social welfare activities.
 Self Esteem: This is comprises about the self ego which satisfied the presence of
leadership or sense of accomplishment, the self esteem generates the image and value
of an individual person in the society as well as at workplace such as achievements,
getting appraised by someone who has power of authority etc .
 Self Actualization: This level of theory of Maslow’s is derives about the achievement
of the satisfactory position with realization of one’s full potential, individual person
having the unwanted desire which can not fulfilled until unless that person not achieve
his or her desirable goals where as it generates the temptation of achieving more aims
in the human expectations.
As per above discussion of Maslow Hierarchy Needs that optimize and follows in Ryanair
Company managers as they measured and identify the needs of every individual employees who
are working in their organization as well as to fulfill their basic needs that enhance their
motivation and job satisfaction (McGann and et. al., 2020).
Process Theory:
This process theory is an idea where it generates the influence power which can change
as well as improvised the entity where it only considered as theories in those on how the work is
happen, what strategies applies towards completion of task, while process theories focuses on
right approach of work completion with no errors to be evaluate.
The explanation about theory of X and Y of McGregor in the perception of Ryanair
Company point of view as they includes and how it will give a benefits toward their employees.
 Theory X: According to this theory is describes about the importance of top effective
supervision, external rewards and plenty that influence as sort of punishment which
occurs when anything mistakes happen in task intentionally and non intentionally
(Kumari, Yadav and Yadav, 2020).
 Theory Y: This theory explains about the task job satisfaction and encourage workers to
approach task without instructed given by leader or supervisor such as effective or hard
12

worker employees and managers those who are internally motivated as they satisfied with
their job role and responsibility.
According the above matter of the process about theory of X and Y where the Ryanair company
follows and utilized the Theory Y, to making their employees motivate as well as encourage to
further task accomplishment, provide the proper guidance about the any project .
LO 3.
P3. Describes about the making the effective team as opposed to an ineffective team.
The importance of effective team in the organization is enhancing the coordination as
well as well as it makes the work procedure flexibility in the promotes of the productivity of
workforce through effective leader in the premises. As the description of team and its effect is
given below with context of Ryanair Company.
Team: A word team is refers the estimation of group where the people work together for
specific objective. It emphasis the differentiate skills and knowledge of various people by
contribute towards the goals and generates the energy that minimize the weakness and
uncertainty as well and increases the strength which helps to development in coordination. As
there is short description about the importance about the Effective Team:
Effective Team: An effective team promotes a enhancement of competence to achieving
goals or objective with the right approach or strategic tools and techniques, it derives the task
responsibilities is undertaken by the each member of team as well as it improvisation into
coordination (ZUMA, 2019). A effective team are the one who having passion to attaining the
objectives at any cost as they are considerable towards the goal oriented.
As now the brief description of Belbin and Tuckman team roles which simplifies the leader’s
style and behavior that makes is perfect with employee and work environment in order to
achieve goal, it also comprises about the work need and wants towards the better environment
through which employee get satisfied and work according to achieve the objectives of
organization.
Belbin Team roles
The exploring of Belbin team roles is to mapped and identify the strength and weakness
about the employee and get to motivate the employee individually in teams premises, as it also
manage and provide the guidance to optimize and improve the weakness in terms of allowing the
coordination and presence of mind activation.
13

Some of the important team roles Belbin are elaborated below with the context of Ryanair
Company are as follows:
 Resource Investigator: As the leader or manager of particular team are looking forward
or analyze the requirement of the resources in which they get allotted the resources which
are essential to assorting in the task for the team betterment useful to complete the work
in given time. Implementor: People are like tend to be complete the task as per the given time to deliver
the right time with right approach, as they are punctual kind of personality which enhance
the work finishing in the task and received effective appreciation. Coordinator: This team role is basically enhance to focus the team’s objectives where ti
measure the particular team capability ad divided the task according to the them.(Pirinen
and Tervo, 2020). Shaper: This team role people is who are already deal with challenging roles and
customized their competencies with the situation as they are extrovert kind of personality
which emphasis the team more effective and efficient.
Tuckman Theory of team roles:
As per the Tuckman Team role is comprising about the handling of formation, processing
and evaluating the team for assigning a particular task on the behalf of requirement as per the
particular job.
Norming: As through this approach is socialize between team members where they used to ask
help, coordinate with each other, accepting and rework according the actual feedback which
enhance the team more efficient and effective as well as it enhance to making decision
improvised to apply in the current situation
Storming: This is frequently arises on circumstances where it conflict arises to manage the
relationship and try to resolve the barriers which can effect the team to not performing discipline
way or compliance oriented way.
Performing: The team works attaining the performance level as per the deliverables are up to
mark where it reflect the favorable outcomes where they get accomplish their team goals.
14

Through the analyzation of the team factor the above description of team role of Belbin
and Tuckman theory where the Ryanair company follows the Belbin team roles theory adapted
by their leader and manager where they investigate and fufill about their employees lacking
resources and guidance which they actual need to accomplish their objectives.
LO 4.
P4. By making examining of the approaches and philosophies of organizational behavior within
an organizational context and given as per the business situation.
As per the approaches of the organizational behavior the basic fundamental of the managerial
activity is a leadership where it enhance the direction shows towards the company path where it
can approach the correct form of path to pursue in the platform of organizational work aspects.
The Path theory of the goal is inspired by the Martin.G. Evans which specify the leader’s
style and behavior which is emphasis fits with employee and work environment in order to
achieve goal, it also comprises about the work need and wants towards the better environment
through which employee get satisfied and work according to achieve the objectives of
organization to sustain the employees productivity.
There are Four Style of Path Goal theory which emphasis the leader’s style or strategy to
promotes the employee activities in better performance which are as follows:
The Achievement oriented leader behavior: According to this theory it describes by the
point of view leader where they set the challenging form of goals to employees and also se the
performance criteria where they expect from employees that they will deliver their effective
performance to attain their objective of organization as well as their team leaders.
The Supportive Leader Behavior: This leader style or behavior represent the satisfaction
towards of employees through needs and preferences, where the care or concerned shows
towards the employee psychological well being.
The Participative Leader Behavior: It allows the consulting program about to get the
suggestion from employees or views with related to task and implies the effective decision
making where it shows the prominent when employee are highly personally involved in their
work (ZUMA, 2019).
15

The Directive Path: This approach of leader style is represent that a specific leader
emphasis about the letting employee analyses about what expect to them and elaborate them
about to how approach the task as per the contributing the skills and knowledge and also making
enhance about the behavior of the individual employees to analyses the situation.
By the upper discussion of the Path Goal theory describing about the four factor is follow
with proper guidance in Ryanair company The Achievement oriented behavior that propounded
for the Ryanair company as it will generates the a high prominent of leadership mentor who is
accomplish criteria oriented as it flows towards individual and team employees format to access
their performance and trained them to their lacking competency which it helps to improvise for
their further task goals. (Kumari, Yadav and Yadav, 2020).
CONCLUSION
As per the detailed discussion of above report of organizational behavior in presence of
organization which specifies many forms of influence about the organization culture, politics and
power which contributing the basic impact of their workforce productivity as well as in the team
oriented process with allows the positivity and negativity factor, for the other managerial aspect
of organization behavior is motivation influence where it comprises some sort of understanding
that the content and process theory which elaborated about the employee behaviour and basic
needs which can be emphasis the manager or leader to concerned about that and making the
working environment satisfaction on which they can brings the outcomes. In last framework of
this organisation behaviour enhancement of company is to invites the formation of team work in
transportation industry where the worker are entitled to work in team as it to coordination to
bring the team role approach of Belbin and Tuckman for better understanding to making the
effective benefits which it received through workforce skills which helps to bring the successful
outcomes in the organisation as well as enrich the growth of it.
16

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Amankwaa, G., Abass, K. and Gyasi, R.M., 2018. In-school adolescents’ knowledge, access to
and use of sexual and reproductive health services in Metropolitan Kumasi, Ghana.
Journal of Public Health. 26(4). pp.443-451.
Bonnar, D., and et. al., 2019. Risk Factors and Sleep Intervention Considerations in Esports: A
Review and Practical Guide. Sleep Medicine Research. 10(2). pp.59-66.
Comper, J., 2019. Practice update: Epilepsy management. AJP: The Australian Journal of
Pharmacy. 100(1190). p.66.
Darko-Adjei, N.O.A.H., 2018. Students’ Perceptions and Use of the Sakai Learning
Management System in the University Of Ghana (Doctoral dissertation, University of
Ghana).
Fagernes, S. and Couch, A.L., 2018. Resource-sharing among autonomous agents. Service
Oriented Computing and Applications. 12(3-4). pp.317-331.
17

Fraenkel, A., and et. al., 2019. Lessons learned from the development and implementation of a
patient-reported outcome and experience measure (POEM) in an Australian glaucoma
practice. BMC ophthalmology. 19(1). p.192.
Gardner, A. and Dunkin, B., 2018. Making progress on identifying those who aren’t making
progress: Using situational judgment tests to predict those at risk for remediation and
attrition. MedEdPublish, 7.
Kumari, S., Yadav, B.S. and Yadav, R.B., 2020. Synthesis and modification approaches for
starch nanoparticles for their emerging food industrial applications: A review. Food
Research International. 128. p.108765.
Liasidou, S., 2018. Representation of cultural tourism on the Web: critical discourse analysis of
tourism websites. International Journal of Culture, Tourism and Hospitality Research.
McGann, and et. al., 2020. T-REX: the Teachers’ Research Exchange. Overcoming the
Research-Practice Gap in Education. TechTrends, pp.1-14.
Pirinen, A. and Tervo, A., 2020. What can we share? A design game for developing the shared
spaces in housing. Design Studies.
RENAUD, L., WOOD, A. and MARTIN, C., 2019. CHAPTER SIXTEEN CASE STUDY: THE
IMPLEMENTATION OF PROCESS IMPROVEMENT IN A REMOTE AUSTRALIAN
CONSTRUCTION PROJECT. Perspectives in Project Management: A Selection of
Masters Degree Research Projects. p.307.
Sidhu, A.K and et. al., 2020. Job stress and its impact on health of employees: a study among
officers and supervisors. Journal of Management Development.
Sularso, R.A., and et. al., 2018. The Influence of Work Satisfaction, Antecedent Satisfaction and
Consumer’s Loyalty Through Organizational Citizenship Behavior and Consumer’s
Interaction Quality.
ZUMA, S., 2019. Reimaging Moodle as an effective learning management system through the
experiences of Geography lecturers at a selected South African university (Doctoral
dissertation, School of Education, College of Humanities, University of KwaZulu-Natal,
Durban, South Africa).
18