Organisational Behaviour: Impact of Culture, Politics, and Power on Employees

This report explores the impact of organizational culture, politics, and power on team and individual behavior and performance. It examines the influence of culture on behavior, the effects of politics on productivity, and the use of power in organizations. Additionally, it discusses content and process theories used to motivate employees and achieve organizational goals.

Organisational
Behaviour

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
LO 1.................................................................................................................................................1
P1) Examine organizational culture, politics and power on employees.....................................1
M1) Critically examine the affect of power, culture and politics. .............................................5
LO 2.................................................................................................................................................6
P2) Contents and process theories used to attain firm's goals. ...................................................6
M2) Critically evaluate the influence of motivation on behaviour of others..............................9
D1) Critically examine all the above mentioned factor..............................................................9
LO 3...............................................................................................................................................10
P3) Demonstrate about understanding that makes an effective team conflicting to ineffective
team...........................................................................................................................................10
M3 Analyse of relevant team and group development theories to support development of
dynamic co-operation................................................................................................................13
LO 4...............................................................................................................................................13
P4) Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour...................................................13
M4) Evaluation of all concepts & philosophies related with the organisation behaviour........15
D2) Evaluation of the relevance for different team development theories...............................15
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour is explained as studying complex attributes of employees while
working in an organization (Aderibigbe and Oluwole, 2019). It is important to measure so that
training and motivation can be provided to them accordingly. This report is based on BBC which
is the important political, cultural and power institution in Britain. It is the most trusted
organization in the world and has 308 million audience globally. It is located in London, United
Kingdom. This assignment covers, analysis regarding how power, culture and politics are affect
team behaviour and performance. Evaluation is done regarding how content and process theories
of motivation enable in attaining set goals and objectives. Better understanding is build regarding
what makes an effective team as ineffective team. Distinguish theories are determined to
examine the impact on behaviour.
LO 1
P1) Examine organizational culture, politics and power on employees
In the intense competitive world business is able to grow and develop because of
employee’s hard work. Staff member behaviour directly or indirectly affect organizational
politics, culture and power which affect their ability to perform better. Culture depends on
company’s structure. Whereas, power and politics totally depends on the management and
leadership which is exercised in the working premises (Alblas and van Noort, 2019). The
analysis of organizational employees, culture and power are illustrated as under:
Influence of organisational culture on team and individual behaviour and performance:
In working premises of BBC which is the most important political and cultural institution
in Britain. Organization culture refers to as values, beliefs and assumptions of all the workers
that impact their behaviour. BBC adopts Handy's cultural typology to understand influence of
organisational culture on team and individual behaviour and performance. The distinguish types
of organisational culture are explained as under:
Power culture: In this case, power levies in few hands and not in the hands of owner.
They has quality of charismatic leader. Power culture is mostly found in small start up firm
because here power is centralised. The staff members working in small start up business are quite
loyal and trustworthy. It influences team behaviour and performance because owner levies power
in their hand due to which all the business activities are performed according to expected level.
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As well as performance of employees are mould respectively so that set goals can be attained
easily.
Role culture: This is because role culture is highly job oriented and have strict policies
and norms that are to be followed by employees in this type of culture. The power of the people
working in organization is measured by the role played by them in the premises (Balwant, 2018).
This culture impact individual behaviour in negative way because there is no freedom to perform
the task in their own way. They need to follow the set formate of the business to complete the
project. Due to which performance of the employees decreases.
Illustration 1: Handy's Model, 2020
§
Source: Handy's Model, 2020
Task culture: Matrix enterprises mostly has task culture in their working premises. The
employees working in this type of firm possess problem solving approach and are highly
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professional in their work. Additionally, the coordination and relationship among the co-workers
are very strong that directly assist top level supervisor to operate their daily functions of business
smoothly. This culture impact team behaviour and performance in positive way because they are
able to solve the problem and are highly skilled in their work. That enhances overall productivity
of the employees and motivate team members to work effectively and efficiently.
Person culture: This culture is identified in those firm that has sub-ordinate which are
highly professional in their work and possess independence in several forms. Moreover, this type
of employees are highly qualified. Person culture is found in law firm. This particular culture
affect the team behaviour in positive way because they are free to perform their task
independently which enhances their overall performance.
BBC is adopting task culture in their working premises because it assist in ensuring high
performance by their co-workers in the cut throat competitive world (Blake and Lloyd, 2019).
Moreover, the coordination and relationship among the co-workers are very strong that directly
assist top level supervisor to operate their daily functions of business smoothly.
Influence of politics in organization on teams and individual behaviour:
To get desire outcomes politics in firm is associated with use of power and tactics. BBC
top management need to take decision for the betterment of the business that will indirectly assist
in establishing control on this type of politics. More politics in the working premises results in
reduction of productivity. The influence of politics on team and individuals in company are
illustrated beneath:
Decrease in productiveness: The overall productivity of employees reduces because of
raising politics in the premises. Politics creates negative working environment due to which
desire outcomes are not attained in the set deadline. By this firms set goals and objectives are not
meet as per the expectation level (Burrell and Morgan, 2019).
Demotivation: Politics occurring in the premises demotivate potential employees to
perform better. This divert their mind from work due to which complete focus is not given in the
work. Politics impact can be seen in their work by comparing their previous and present
outcomes.
Influence of power on team and individual in organisations:
In the working premises power can be determined as the ability of the top management
that is used by them to control numerous business function. Additionally, in order to control the
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attributes of the staff members power is used by firm supervisors so that positive working
environment is created. The distinguish power that are available in BBC are discussed below:
Reward power: It is directly associated to power where co-workers are rewarded on
their work performance. In BBC CEO uses reward power to reward their hard working
employees who contributed their all potential to meet the desire outcome in the set deadline. It
build positive attributes in employees and boost them to perform much more better s compare to
earlier performance.
Coercive power: With the support of threat and fear group members are pushed to
perform their assigned work. The fear of getting terminated from the company if work does not
get complete in time push them to accomplish the assigned task. Coercive power is exercised by
senior most member or by manager of the BBC. This power influences employees in positive
way to complete their task. Some people work effectively when are warned. By this their
performance can be raised.
Legitimate power: On behalf of the position this particular power is used. BBC top level
supervisor uses their power to monitor the day to day activities conducted by co-workers in the
premises. This power directly impact team behaviour and performance in positive way. When
employees work is monitored on daily basis they try to perform their work effectively. By this
chances of error can be reduced and they can be motivated to enhance their overall productivity.
Expert Power: The manager of BBC exercises this power, where they use their skills
and knowledge in particular field. In extreme condition, expert power is used so to come up with
relevant solution for any kind of problem. It improve their performance because with the support
of expert power solution is provided to problem.
M1) Critically examine the affect of power, culture and politics on team and individual
behaviour and performance
Basis Positive Impact Negative impact
Culture If there is positive
organizational culture in the
premises and timely work are
assigned by the manger then
If unhealthy organisation
culture is build at workplace
then BBC is unable to compete
with rivalry prevailing in the
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overall productivity of the
BBC can be raised. Due to
which set objectives can be
attained.
open market place.
Politics Positive politics motive
employees to work effectively
and efficiently. By which
assigned work can be
completed in the set time
frame.
Un-necessry politics reduces
productivity to a large extent.
This is because employees get
distracted from their work
because of the raising politics.
Power Power used in positive way
guide employees to
accomplish their work
properly in better way. By this
workers can be retained for
longer time duration.
If power is used negatively
upon staff then mental stress is
increased among employees .
Which creates conflict among
the team members ( Jacobs and
Manzi, 2019).
LO 2
P2) Contents and process theories used to attain firm's goals.
Skilled, potential and capable employees can be retained back in the BBC by motivating
them timely by this their overall performance can be enhanced in better way. Motivation is the
best way to push workers from within so that they can work effectively and efficiently. To retain
their potential sub-ordinates in the premises top level management adopts various motivational
theories which are showcased as under:
Content theory: This theory is explained as according to the dynamic environment
demand of the customers fluctuate accordingly and tend to full-fill those preferences. Manager of
the BBC can follow content theories as under:
a) Maslow's Hierarchy of Need: Abraham Maslow founded this theory. In this theory explains
that every individual has set hierarchy of demand and they work accordingly from lower to upper
level of hierarchy so as to satisfy them completely (Karatepe and Kim, 2019).
5

Psychological need: BBC provide basic salary to their staff so that they can full-fill their
psychological need like, food water, shelter and clothes. The salary of the workers are designed
by keeping in mind the employment legislation of the nation regarding the remuneration. To full-
fill this basic needs employees work effectively and efficiently in an organization.
Illustration 2: Maslow's Hierarchy of Need, 2020
Source: Maslow's Hierarchy of Need, 2020
Safety needs: Benefits such as safety equipments is given to employees at workplace so
that security and safety needs can be fulfilled. By this BBC is able to retain potential employees
in the company for longer time duration.
6

Social needs: Here, friendly relation is built with other staff members in the BBC
premises so that they can feel connected with the firm. By this their morale value is boosted by
other existing team members.
Esteem needs: In this case, staff desire for appreciation and recognition for the work
performed by them. BBC provide monetary and non-monatry reward as well as apprise them to
their employees for their best performance (Larijani and Saravi-Moghadam, 2018).
Self- actualization needs: To flourish in the both personal and professional career these
are the needs of workers. It is very essential to satisfy these needs so as to give complete
satisfaction to the individual.
BBC is able to attain the set goals and objectives in the set time duration because they are
able to satisfy their employee in every aspect . By which staff work effectively and efficiently to
meet the the set standards. Additionally, management is able to retain employees for longer time
duration.
b) McGregor's X and Y theory: This theory states that there are two ways by which
employees can be motivated by manager. Theory X explains that staff members reject to perform
those work which are of less interest for them. So BBC adopts strict action and forces along with
completely supporting them in each and every phase of the work. By this assigned work gets
accomplished in the set deadline. Whereas, theory Y showcase that candidates are motivated
when they are given appreciation and recognition for their work. By this more productive results
are attained as well as more innovation in work is done.
This theory helps BBC in accomplishing set goals and objectives because employees are
made satisfied by giving them rewards for their best performance. This boost their them to come
up with more innovative idea which assist firm to create tough benchmark for rivalry prevailing
in the open market place.
7

Illustration 3: McGregor's X and Y theory, 2020
Source: McGregor's X and Y theory, 2020
Process theory: This theory clears that employees can be motivated by satisfying their
psychological and behavioural processes. Below are illustrated process theory which are adopted
by BBC in order to motivate their workers to perform better:
a) The expectancy theory: Vroom says that motivation is the result of choice made by
candidate (Lugosi, 2019). If employee think they can attain huge success after completion of the
task it will motivate them to full-fill the assigned work in the set deadline. Desire incentives and
threat encourages the workers to enhance their overall workforce performance. It involves
elements such as Expectancy, Instrumentality and Valence which are explained as under:
Expectancy: It refers to as idea which is raising the amount of effort will enhance
performance. On the other hand it is affected by some elements like, having sufficient raw
materiel and time available, having the right skills to so and many more.
Instrumentality: In this case, it the idea which is stating that they employee perform
better the result will be positive. This gets affected by certain aspects such as, clear
understanding of the relationship between performance and outcomes, transparency of the
process which decides who gets which outcomes etc.
Valence: This is the perceived value which workers puts on the results. Here, the depth
desire of employees for extrinsic(money, promotion, time-off etc.) or intrinsic (satisfaction) are
studied. So that management can frame tactics to full fill their desire want accordingly.
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This theory helps in meeting set goals because it realized that staff members performance
is based on knowledge, abilities, personality and experience. By working on this aspects and
motivating workers to perform better helps them to meet their set standards in the specified time
frame.
b) The equity Theory: This theory states that company must balance between their
employee's input and output to encourage them to work better. This theory helps in achievement
of set goals and objectives because they create equal balance among staff members input and
output. Due to which set targets are attained in the specified time frame.
From the above mentioned theories BBC adopt equity theory so that employees can be
motivated to raise their overall workforce efficiency. Which leads in accomplishment of set
standards in the set deadline.
M2) Critically evaluate the influence of motivation on behaviour of others.
The expectancy theory can be used by senior supervisor so as to motivate workers and to
make them goal-oriented. By this employees can be encouraged to work effectively so that set
standards can be achieved. However, motivational factor and preferences are to be examined so
as to provide them effective motivation. By this act more trustworthy and loyal worker's can be
build for the firm as well as they will be motivated timely to perform their tasks in appropriate
way (Soto and Rojas, 2019).
D1) Critically examine relationship among culture, power, politics and motivation which enables
teams and firm to succeed.
Culture, politics, motivation and power are all related with each other in an organization.
Positive culture helps in reducing unnecessary politics in the premises. Positive politics helps in
using the power wisely. Due to which skilled and potential workers can be retained for longer
time duration. If all this are properly managed in the BBC then set goals can be attained
smoothly. Positive culture, politics and power helps the business to succeed in the global market.
Recommendations in context of BBC are:
 Adopt more positive politics and power in the premises as it assists in raising employees
performance.
 To retain staff members for longer time duration in the company Reward power should
be exercised continuously (Muchiri and Ayoko, 2019).
9

LO 3
P3) Demonstrate about understanding that makes an effective team conflicting to ineffective
team
Team and group are regarded as the assemblage of different individuals who are engage
in company operations to achieve similar goals. The main motive to perform work in a team is to
accomplish organisational objectives within exact manner through delegating roles as per
abilities, skills and aptitudes of each team member. Further, effective and ineffective team are
two different categories which demonstrate results of team by monitoring team performance
constantly.
Effective team- Effective team leads to enhance employee motivation as well as business
productivity for achieving common goal that increases profits for organisation. BBC is
performing their work at multi-national level so by encouraging member to work them as
effective team leads individuals to adopt optimistic and positive behaviour which will be
developed in all division which enhances productivity for organisation (Mansouri and Khan,
2018).
Ineffective team- Individuals are the base for a team but due to low skills and
capabilities it is complex for organisation to perform all work in effective manner because
members are not able to execute their roles in proper manner. So due to mismanagement in work
it is complex to develop positive environment in organisational divisions. Along with this,
conservation gap also generates objections and misunderstanding for BBC due to which stress is
faced by employees in internal division that impact on productivity of firms. On the other side,
ineffective team members impact on overall performance of organisation due to which goals and
objectives of organisation are not accomplished in specified time period.
Particulars Effective team Ineffective team
Objectives and goals According to effective team
members, each individual are
aware about methods for
accomplishing organisational
goals and objectives that helps
to adopt alternations which take
Ineffective team members are
straight in contact with
performance of operations and
functions of organisation. This
result because of low skill
involvement in operations it is
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place in external environment
of organisation. So effective
team members also ensure long
term results for organisation.
complex for management to
achieve their goals in proper
manner.
Communication Within context of effective
team, transparent and clear
communication is empowered
by employees to increase the
level of their productivity and
profitability. Along with this
there are two contrary approach
of communication which is
open and correct expression
that impact on healthy relations
as manpower is major asset for
organisation.
The ineffective team members
face various challenges due to
improper communication it
results there are various
misconception will be
generated that impact on
opinion and thoughts due to
improper transfer meaning of
words that generates
difficulties to transfer right
meaning of words to
individuals.
Work performance Operations as well as functions
which are performed by
effective team members leads
BBC or other organisation to
execute their efforts towards the
direction of goals and
objectives. It also refers that
with right performance and
right results it is easy to get
sustainability in operations and
functions of organisation
(Omodan and Tsotetsi, 2019).
Ineffective teams and its
workforce directly reduces
organisational performance as
they are not able to perform
work according to decided
benchmark which impacts on
performance of all operations
which is performed by
management.
Tuckman team development theory
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It is one of the most well known team development theory that is based on organisational
performance as it also impacts on upcoming ideas and concepts of management. The major
advantage for BBC to implement Tuckman theory is that it tackles better ideas for completing
work from its initial stage and they stay on them until completion of project.
Forming- With the forming stage an organisation divide all roles and responsibilities to
individuals as per their skills and capabilities. In the context of BBC, potential and capable
individuals are able to perform all work effectively because job roles and responsibilities are
assigned according to their skills and expertise.
Storming- BBC perform several task according to international rules and regulations in
order to perform their work with ethical approach. This results all individuals are recruited
according to skills and objectives that are required for particular job. (Pangil and Nasurdin,
2019).
Norming- norming stage leads organisation to implement better communication among
all individuals and division due to which team members perform their work in collaborative
approach. This results it is easy for management to evolve and implement unique and new ideas
in organisation. The main motive of norming stage is to gain competitive advantage in market
by managing human resources.
Performing- According to performing stage all the task and operations of organisation
which is performed by team members must be evaluated by top authorities and superiors. This
determines work productivity will be improved as performance will be monitored on daily basis
by top authorities.
Adjourning- This is one of the final stage under which team performance as the superior
persons and work with motive of getting reward either on monetary basis and non-monetary
basis. This results long term profits will be gained by management as well as team individuals.
M3 Analyse of relevant team and group development theories to support development of
dynamic co-operation
With the relevant theories and its implementation all task which are performed by
management are focused towards achievement of organisation goals and objectives. From the
perspective of organisation which are performing their work at small level but now are focused
towards expansion of business at global level. Tuckman theory of development is a major
perspective for organisation that enhances and execute a project in proper manner because it
12

consider a task from initial stage and then complete it with proper rules and regulations (Paull
and Whitsed, 2018).
LO 4
P4) Concepts and philosophies of organisational behaviour
Path Goal Theory: This particular theory aid in identifying different types of leadership
style that can be adopted by an organization. This is dependent on the nature of the employees
and the environment in which they are operating their business.
Illustration 4: Path Goal Theory, 2020
Source: Path Goal Theory, 2020
Classification of path goal theory-
Employees characteristics: This directly helps workers in acquiring sufficient skills and
knowledge so that perform their roles and responsibilities in proper manner. Top management is
accountable to enhance their skills by providing them proper training and guiding them in their
work.
Task and environmental characteristics: Here, the issues are focused which occurred
at the time of assigning activities to the workers. BBC manger with the help of effective plan is
able to resolve the problems and take steps for the betterment (Sheedy and Jepsen, 2019).
13

Leadership styles: It aid top seniors of BBC to control and monitor staffs of the firm that desire
results can be meet. Some of the leadership styles are illustrated as under:
 Directive Leadership: They provide guidance and direction so that the set goals and
objectives can be attained in the set time duration. On the basis of performance they are
rewarded so they are motivated to perform much better. BBC can apply this theory in
their premises by directing the employees in their work timely so that necessary
rectification can be done in the initial stage and assigned work can be completed in the
set deadline.
 Participative Leadership: In this leader encourage their team members to participate in
the firm's activities that aid them in decision making process of BBC. Company can
adopt this style in order to utilize the ability of workers by taking feedback on them. By
this this can be assured that they are valuable asset of the firm.
 Supportive leadership: BBC adopts this style in the working premises so that stress and
frustration level in employees can be reduced. By this positive working environment can
be build so that employees can be hold back in the premises for longer time duration.
This style is beneficial when work tasks are dangerous then supportive leadership is
needed in the premises.
 Oriented leadership: In this type of leadership leader concentrate on overall success and
growth of the business by accomplishing the work in the set time frame. BBC by
adopting this style can bring more creativity in their task. By which emerging needs of
the customers can be fulfilled easily. However, it is beneficial for those team members
who lack behind in managing their time well. Additionally, it ensures that set deadlines
are achieved and tasks are achieved properly.
M4) Evaluation of all concepts & philosophies related with the organisation behaviour
Company need to follow participative leadership in an organisation. By this positive
working environment is built in the premises because in this style employees are motivated to
participate in the decision making process. This style impact organization behaviour in positive
way because by this employees are assured that they are valuable assets of the firm (Vaughan,
2019). On the other hand it impact negatively because it is difficult to consider views of all the
14

employees in the decision making process. Due to which feeling of biasses emerges in the mind
of the customers.
D2) Evaluation of the relevance for different team development theories
Tuckman team development theory influence behaviour in the workplace because it
define that team can grow by stating all the stages, task-focused teams, formulation of groups of
individuals and so on. By this set objectives can be attained in the set deadline. The major
advantage for BBC to implement Tuckman theory is that it tackles better ideas for completing
work from its initial stage and they stay on them until completion of project.
CONCLUSION
From the above discussion it can be summarized that organizational behaviour plays a
vital role in the business. It is important to understand the attributes of the employees working in
the firm so that they can be mould and motivated accordingly to perform better. The influence of
power, culture and politics on organization are studied so that necessary improvements can be
done so as to attain productive outcomes. Distinguish ways are examined to motivate team so
that set standards can be attained in the specified time duration. By this competitive advantages
against rivalry can be attained which is a positive mark for the business in the intense
competitive world. Additionally, understanding regarding what makes effective team as opposed
to ineffective team is deeply evaluated so that changes can be done in the loop hole areas. By this
productive results can be attained in the global market. Several theories are determined to
understand the how they impact behaviour of employees.
15

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