What makes an effective team?

7 TASK 310 P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team10 TASK 413 P4 Concept and philosophies of organisational behaviour 13 CONCLUSION 15 REFRENCES16 INTRODUCTION Organisational behaviour is study ofhumanbehaviourwithin organisation as well it is academic study of the way people act within team. TASK 1 1 P1 Organisation culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and performance In an organisation culture, power and politics is the factor within workplace which directly

ORGANISATIONAL
BEHAVIOUR

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
P1 Organisation culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance............................................................................................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................7
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective
achievement of goals..............................................................................................................7
TASK 3..........................................................................................................................................10
P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team..................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................13
P4 Concept and philosophies of organisational behaviour ..................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................15
REFRENCES.................................................................................................................................16

INTRODUCTION
Organisational behaviour is study of human behaviour within organisation as well it is
academic study of the way people act within team. Principles of OB are implemented primarily
in attempts for making business operations more effectual (Shaw, 2017). Study of the same
involve improving job performance, increasing job satisfaction, encourage leadership, promoting
innovation and so on. This assignment is based on Radission Hotel which is hospitality industry
company founded in 1960 and its founder is SAS group. Topic will be included in this
assignment are influence of culture, power and politics on individual as well as team behaviour.
In addition to this, content and process theory of motivation will be discuss which help in
accomplishing goals and objectives within effective manner. Way of building effective team will
discuss along with, difference within effective and ineffective team. In the end, concept and
philosophies of organisational behaviour will be explained.
TASK 1
P1 Organisation culture, politics and power influence individual and team behaviour and
performance
In an organisation culture, power and politics is the factor within workplace which
directly impact on the performance of individual or team. For identifying impact of all these
factors on Radission Hotel use various theories and methods such as for culture Handy's four
classes theory will be utilise, for power French and raven theory etc..
Influence of culture – Culture is related to geographical, historical and other related
factors that directly impact on individual and team behaviour or overall performance of
organisation (Mitonga-Monga and Flotman, 2017). Organisational culture is set of values, ideas,
other meaningful gestures and so on which work together as well result in accomplishing goals
and objectives. There are four different kind of culture define in Handy Cultural Typology by
Charles handy. All these have wide impact on organisation, individual and team behaviour
explanation of these are as follows :-
 Power culture – In organisation power is in the hand of few people as well they have
authority to take decisions and they are the one who enjoying extra privilege within
company. Such people delegate responsibility to other staff members. Within power
culture, employees don't have option but they have to follow instructions given by

superiors. Respective culture give positive impact on the performance of Radission Hotel
as they can respond quickly to any type of event. But have negative impact on individual
and team as their performance judged on the basis of outcomes gained.
 Task culture – In company where team perform for accomplishing targets as well as
solve critical problem is following task culture (Maduenyi and et.al., 2015). In addition to
this, within task culture team is formed with people who have similar specialization and
common interest. In Radission there are generally 10 to 15 member and they adopt task
culture within their working so that every member will give their equal contribution in
achieving objectives within effectual manner. Along with this, respective culture gives
impact on team member behaviour as well as individual because role and responsibility
of every is clear which assist in performing task within effectual manner.
 Person culture – In this culture dimension each and every person focus on their own
instead of overall organisation because motive of individual is to earn money for
satisfying their need and wants as well they generally never get attached with company.
Radission Hotel use respective culture for meeting self actualisation needs, creating
values and so on. Although, person culture gives negative impact on the working of
organisation because when individual is focusing on their own instead of team or
organisational goals in create inequality (Siakas, Georgiadou and Siakas, 2016). Thus, it
gives negative impact as well reduce team working or effect relation of staff members
towards each other.
 Role culture – Within, role culture responsibilities are given to personnel within
organisation as per their specialization, interest area, qualification and so on. Radission
Hotel is using role culture within their working so that day to day task will be allotted to
employees as per their specialization or capabilities of doing it. So that, work will be
done in effective manner and result in accomplishing desired goals. Although, this culture
gives positive impact on individual and team by motivating them because work will be
allotted according to their capabilities of doing.
Thus, for Radission Hotel role culture will be beneficial so that task or other
responsibilities will be allotted to staff members according to the qualification, skills and
capabilities (Lee, Kesebir and Pillutla, 2016). Along with this, role culture will help in
accomplishing goals and objectives within effective manner.

Influence of power – It is related to individual capabilities which help them in
influencing other people. Simple, power is ability of particular person to get their work done by
others with the aim of achieving goals and objectives in better manner. There are several sources
as well as type of power explanation are as follows :-
 Referent power – This source or type of power is related to management based on the
ability to administrate someone a sense of personal acceptance or approval. With referent
power leader is an organisation seen as a role model (McDonald, Thompson and
O'Connor, 2016). In simple term, respective power is related to individual personality
which attract people. In Radission Hotel, manager follow referent power for attracting
staff members so they will follow him/her and perform task within effectual manner.
 Legitimate power – This power is related to the feeling found within particular person as
they feel responsible towards management. Respective power help manager of Radission
Hotel in providing responsibilities to each and every individual as per their job profile
within business firm. With the assistance of legitimate power every members as well as
team can take decisions according to their job profile within company.
 Reward power – In this power, task or work will be allotted to individual in exchange of
rewards. Reward power will be utilise by manager of Radission Hotel for encouraging
their staff members as well as their performance level will also get enhance through
providing several rewards (D'amato and Kim, 2016). Moreover, rewards in form of both
monetary and non-monetary such as holiday packages, incentives, bonus, promotion and
many more. Thus, it give positive impact on behaviour of individual as well as team
because employees get motivate by rewards and perform activities in more effective
manner.
 Coercive power – In this form of power staff members are forced by their superiors for
performing task. Coercive power use fear as as motivation tool for getting allotted work
done through others. Thus, respective power have negative effect on performance of
company because employees are doing their day to day activities by forcing their
superiors.
Influence of politics – It is related to informal or unofficial efforts of employees within
organisation for selling their thoughts or increase power (Stephenson and et.al., 2018).
Moreover, politics gives direct impact on the working of Radission Hotel by reducing

effectiveness of both staff members and organisation. Politics also have wide effect on individual
as well as team behaviour explanation of these are as follows :-
 Minimise the productivity – Politics give impact on individual and team by reducing
their productivity within organisation. Because within politics attention was not paid
towards assigned task which result in failure in achieving targets within required time
period.
 Maintain decorum – For an organisation it is important to maintain decorum within
proper manner. So that, individual as well as team member will conduct their daily basis
assigned activities within better way with the aim of accomplishing goals as well as
objectives.
Critically analyse how the culture, politics and power of an organisation can influence individual
and team behaviour and performance
For cultural, Hofstede Theory is explained which consists of six dimensions of culture
which are:
Power Distance Index- This is defined as degree where inequality exist that is accepted
among people with or without power. In case of Radission Hotel, individuals having power
provide orders to their subordinates without looking for other factors.
Individualism vs Collectivism- This is defined as degree where individual performing
on solving issues cannot achieve success if it is performed collectively and team then results are
achieved. There are many situations arise in Radission Hotel where individual cannot handle
every task as they have to work collectively.
Masculinity vs Femininity- This type of culture is faced by Radission Hotel in terms of
gender pay. Here, male employees are provided with high salary as compared to female. This
leads to staff turnover at business.
Uncertainty Avoidance Index- There are many situations which are in organisation that
are dynamic in nature. It is very important for Radission Hotel to make plans in order to cope up
with uncertainty environment.
Long term vs Short term Orientation- Radission Hotel has to make plans, policies and
regulation for achievement of long and short term goals and objectives. This helps in
achievement of sustainability and growth of business.

Indulgence vs Restraint- The organisation should focus on indulgence activities rather
than restraint. Indulged assist in achievement of goal and objectives of firm with optimistic
behaviour. This avoid issues and problems arise in business in an effective and efficient manner.
It is very important to improve culture, politics and power of organisation for
achievement of goal and objectives of business with help of individual, team behaviour and
improving performance.
TASK 2
P2 Content and process theories of motivation and motivational techniques enable effective
achievement of goals.
Various motivational theories are developed to explain the concept of Motivation. This is
forces that drives an individual to work with proper efficiency and achieve organisational goals
(Siakas, Georgiadou and Siakas, 2016). Motivation is a energy that pushes employees to work
hard and accomplish targets even if conditions are not in favour.
The two motivational theories are:
Content Theory: Content Theories tend to be the earliest theories of motivation. This
theory basically focuses on the aspects of why human needs change with time. Specific factor
that motivates behaviour of employees are covered under this theory. Radisson Blu can make
some of different content theories that will motivate helps to work with efficiency. Moreover
some of theories covered under content theory are:
Maslow's Theory: Maslow's hierarchy of need theory is pyramid in structure. Lowest level of
pyramid comprises of most basic needs, whereas the complex needs are at top of pyramid. There
are hierarchy of needs are set up of five level of basic needs that basically describes different
stages of human needs. Following are the five levels covered under Radisson Blu: Physiological Needs: These are the basic needs of the employees that a company need to
fulfil in order to satisfy them. Therefore, Radisson Blu should try fulfilling physiological
needs so that they work with free mind. Safety Needs: Radisson Blu should take various measure to provide elements of security,
law, stability and protection of employees at will encourage them to work for affectively.

 Social Needs: Employees under Radisson Blu should be provided with friendly
environment should that they feel motivative and perform their work with efficiency
(Caniëls and Veld, 2019). Top management should politely interact with workforce.
 Need for Esteem: Employees should be given respect and dignity which will enhance
their capabilities at work. Managers should show positive attitude towards employees.
Herzberg's Motivational Theory: This theory is dual factor based that was founded by
Frederick Herzberg in 1959.1. Motivational Factor: This motivational theory can provide satisfaction to the employees
working under Radisson Blue. Following factors motivates the workforce to work with
efficiency so the desired organisational goals are achieved.
 Recognition: Top management at Radisson Blue should try praising and appreciating
the workforce to enhance their overall productivity.
 Growth: Radisson Blu should adopt various growth strategies for their workforce.
These strategies highly motivate them to perform their best.
 Meaningful Work: Task that are provided to the employees should be meaningful and
challenging in nature. Moreover Radisson Blue should try providing interesting work
to their workforce which will make them motivated.
 Responsibility: A sense of responsibility is created on the employees that enable them
to know the work which they need to perform. Moreover under Radisson Blu
employees micromanaged.2. Hygiene Factor: Hygiene factor is enormously essential job factors that usually helps in
motivating employees to work with efficiency. This factor basically determines
environment of job. Following are Hygiene factors for Radisson Blu:
 Company Policy: Policies adopted by Radisson Blu should be fair. The company
should try providing recreational activities for employees.
 Physical Work: Employees working with Radisson Blue should be provided with safe
and clean working environment. Physical Evidence should properly managed.
 Salary: Radisson Blu should basically try adopting reasonable salary structure for
each of its employees. It should accurately same as adopted by competitors dealing
under same domain.

 Fringe Benefits: Radisson Blu can try providing its employees with healthcare and
other benefits so that they feel secure.
Content Theory is most widely used motivation theory that actually focuses on internal factors
which energize human behaviour (Aitken, 2019). Therefore, a company can make use of content
theory to motivate its employees and achieve overall organisational goals and targets. Moreover
these motivational theories help in sustaining employees.
Process Theories: The process theory basically focuses on how motivation occurs. It
address to explain variance in dependent variable that are usually based on one or more
independent variables. Following are the theories covered under process theory:1. Vroom's Expectancy Theory: Vroom's Expectancy is a cognitive process theory of
motivation. It distinguishes between efforts that are put in by people and their overall
performance. This motivational theory is dependent on three factors that are: Expectancy: This is usually about what are the expectation of employees in respect to the
work performed by them. Therefore, Radisson Blu should try finding out the factors
which motivates employees to deliver their best possible performance. Instrumentality: Instrumentality is basically about that employee's performance should be
good enough to achieve desired result. Radisson Blu can stimulate this by actually
making promises of providing additional rewards to employees like bonuses or
promotion.
 Valence: Final result that employees achieve under Vroom's Expectancy Theory is to
achieve value by each individual (Stachová, Stacho and Bartáková, 2015). Moreover this
value is based basic needs of the employees. Radisson Blu should trying finding out
individual employees value and his personal needs.
2. Adam's Equity Theory: This theory is covered under process theory which was
proposed by John Stacey Adam. This theory is usually based on following assumptions:
 Each employees contributes for which they usually expect rewards.
 To make validate employees compares his inputs and outputs with others to rectify
inequality.
There are three types of exchange relationship that is established under Adam Equity Theory.

 Overpaid Inequity: This is a situation when the outputs are higher as compared inputs
delivered by an employees. It when employees paid more as compared to the work
performed by them.
 Underpaid Inequity: It when employees inputs are more as compared to the outcome.
This is when salary rate of employees is less as compared to work performed by them.
 Equity: This when an individual employee perceives according to the relationship
between his outputs and inputs.
Thus, Adam's equity theory will help Radisson Blu to evaluate the exact equity between
the outcomes and inputs perceived by an individual.
Motivation plays an important role in sustaining the employees in an organisation
(Srivastava and Dhar, 2015). Therefore, process theory basically highlights individual motivation
that result in increasing overall productivity of employees. This theory simply concludes that an
individual should to be rewarded with what the employees perceives as important other than
what the manager's perceives.
The Maslow motivation theory which covered under content theory is best known and
most effective theory which motivates the employees. Moreover most importantly helps in
identify the needs of employees due which overall organisational goals are achieved.
TASK 3
P3 What makes an effective team as opposed to an ineffective team
In an organisation team play important role in accomplishing goals and objectives within
appropriate manner. Although, team is group of people who have different skills as well as
capabilities and they work together for achieving common goals. In addition to this, building
effective team is responsibility of Radission's manager but first step is to identify qualification,
specialisation, skills as well as ability of particular employees (Prouska, Psychogio sand
Rexhepi, 2016). Respective organisation have to implement Tuckman's theory within their
working so they can building effective team as well as for managing team Belbin theory will be
implemented. Explanation of these are as follows :-
Tuckman's theory of team development – This model was developed by Bruce Tuckman
in 1965 and it is famous for team development. Tuckman theory of team development focus on
the manner in that group handle particular task from its initial formation through completion. In

addition to this, there are five stages given by Bruce Tuckman all these stages not required to be
followed strictly one after other (Tuckman stages of group development, 2019). In first two
stages of team development is related to social-emotional task whereas, three and four are
focusing on task oriented. Explanation of these stages in relation of Radission Hotel are as
follows :-
 Forming – It is first stage of team development within that particular person have not yet
gelled together. In forming, group is assembled as well task are assigned and team
member tend to behave independently. Although, they don't know each other so they can
trust on other unconditionally.
 Storming – In second stage people started feeling like part of team and started trusting
on each other (Hermes And et.al., 2018). But they give their opinion related to several
topic which result in conflict within team. Manager of Radission hotel need several skills
at this stage for building effective team such as conflict management, relation building,
active listening and many more. Moreover, it is essential of manager to be confident,
positive as well as assertive within this stage in the situation when team member are
challenging leadership.
 Norming – In team when conflict become less intense as well as group member will
started understanding each other and accept them. At this situation, team gradually move
within Norming stage. Within this stage, team started to come together and focus on
project more effectively which result in its accomplishment. It is duty of Radission Hotel
manager to focus on everyone that they are moving in right direction.
 Performing – In this stage, team member get comfortable with each other and group
norms are accepted by them. Moreover, interpersonal and structural issues get settled
within performing stage as well as task performance will be supported. In performing
stage manager of Radission hotel have to focus more on leadership activities and less on
supervising.
 Adjourning – This is last stage of team building, in this group become more close as
well many team member will feel sense of loss. Respective stage is also named as
Mourning stage. Manager of Radission hotel enjoy celebration of building effective team.

Following all these step will help respective hotel in building effective team. As team
building is not enough there is requirement of managing it. In this Belbin theory of group
management will help explanation are as follows :-
Belbin theory – This theory was developed by Meredith Belbin in 1981 as well within
this theory team role are designed for defining and predict potential success of management
team. Implementation of Belbin theory within organisation result in managing team within
effective manner. Explanation of these are as follows :-
 Shaper - It include responsibilities given to team members with the motive of performing
activities within efficacious manner. With the help of shaper role, manager of team
analyse performance of staff member working within easy way.
 Implementer – They are the practical organiser in team as well as disciplined and task
oriented. Implementer play important role in execution of plans and idea within task
which is their contribution within team.
 Completer finisher – Role of complete finisher in team management is they monitor
quality and safety of work but sometimes they get overprotective which create difficulties
is delegating authority.
 Co-ordinator - It is important role in that manager of Radission Hotel provide
information to their employees and make them aware about objectives. Along with this,
provide guidance for achieving predetermined goals and objectives.
 Team worker - In this role, staff member are performing their task with the aim of
achieving goals by optimum utilisation of available resources. Thus, all these practices
will result in enhancing productivity of team members and performing work within
effective manner.
 Resource investigator – He/she is the person who have lots of contact inside or outside
the team. Resource investigator always look for bringing new ideas with the open
minded, adventurous as well as enthusiastic nature. They play important role in team
management with Radission Hotel by maintaining contacts.
 Plant – They are the creative thinker within team as well as innovative. Along with this,
help in solving issues within team and result in its management within effective manner.
 Monitor evaluator – Role of monitor within team of Radission Hotel is to keep eyes on
performance of each and every member with the motive of enhancing working level.

 Specialist - They play role in consulting team member and also in providing them
guidance related to particular topic (Cheema and Asrar-ul-Haq, 2017). Specialist are the
one who thrives less while working together as well as don't care about social activities.
Analyse relevant team and group development theories to support the development of dynamic
cooperation
Radisson Blu consists of more number of staffs who focus on better achievement of
results. The group development and team models helps to find issues for problem and solve it in
better manner. The dynamic people contain high skilled and knowledge for solving problems
arise in business. Therefore, organisation requires people from various background to form team
and work for betterment of organisation.
TASK 4
P4 Concept and philosophies of organisational behaviour
Path-goal theory of leadership state that leader have to change their leadership style
according to the situation. Although, respective theory belong to the group of leadership model
named as contingency. Leader motivate as well as encourage their subordinates in accomplishing
their goals and objectives by making path clear. Leader have to make that sure :-
 Clarify path to their subordinates so they will know which way have to go.
 Remove roadblocks which are stopping them to go there.
 Increasing rewards along the route.
By implementing path goal leadership style manager of Radission Hotel will be able to
encourage their team members in accomplishing goals and objectives within effective manner.
Along with this there are several leadership approaches which help leader of Radission Hotel in
supporting their staff members. Explanation of these are as follows :-
 Supportive leadership – This type of leader provide support to their subordinates as well
as create warm and friendly environment or show concern for them. Such leader provide
proper support to their team members and help them in effective conducting. It is most
effective in situations in which tasks and relationships are physically or psychologically
challenging.

 Directive leadership – This type of leaders five direction to their followers and tell what
is expected from them as well as what they have to do. It become more effective when
employees get ensure about the task they have to perform.
 Participative leadership – They are the leader who had collaborative style and involve
subordinates within decision making process by welcoming their thoughts or innovative
ideas. Information given by other employees also consider by leaders while making final
decision. Such practices result in motivating staff members and they perform their work
within effective manner as well result in accomplishing task within effectual way.
 Achievement oriented leadership – This leadership style use for encouraging continuous
high performance. Such leader establish high baseline for performing task as well as
continuous improvement is expected from that baseline (Zheng and et.al., 2018).
Achievement-oriented leaders generally display confidence within their subordinates for
accomplishing high standard goals set by them.
For Radission Hotel directive leadership style is more effectual because within this leader
give direction to their subordinates what they have to do as well as how. Thus, such practices
result in reducing level of risk while accomplishing goals and objective in effective manner.
Along with this, Maslo and Herzberg is the motivational tool which help manager as well as
leader of Radission hotel in motivating their employees. So that, productivity will get increase
and result in accomplishing goals as well as objectives within effective manner.
Explore and evaluate how concepts and philosophies of OB inform and influence behaviour in
both a positive and negative way
The concepts and philosophies of OB inform and influence behaviour in both a positive
and negative way for working force in an organisation. With use of such concept, issues and
problems can be solved in proper manner. There are different leadership styles which helps in
solving arise problems. In other hand, there are different problems and issues arise in business
which is not possible to solve through same theory or concept for better outcomes. If it is solved
through same way then it might not provide positive results to business. These are positive and
negative aspects of such theories.
CONCLUSION
After going through overall report it has been concluded that, it is important for an
organisation to have positive atmosphere because it will result in conducting daily basis activities

within effectual manner. Along with this, positive behaviour and proper interaction within staff
members result in result in accomplishing goals and objectives within appropriate manner. In
addition to this, every organisation have their own power, culture and politics which result in
positive as well as negative impact on individual and team performance. Although, motivation is
necessary for staff members so that work will done in effective manner as Radission is
implementing several content and process theory of motivation in relation to this.

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