Organizational Behaviour: Culture, Power, Politics, and Motivation

This report analyzes the impact of organizational culture, power, politics, and motivation on individual and team behavior in Ryanair. It evaluates different theories of motivation and provides recommendations for creating an effective team.

Organizational behaviour
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Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
PART 1............................................................................................................................................3
Critically analyse organizational culture, power and politics in Ryanair influenced individual
or team behaviour........................................................................................................................3
Evaluate different theories of motivation and motivational techniques......................................5
Critically evaluate relationship betwixt culture, power, politics as well as motivation which
team and organization to succeed with recommendations..........................................................7
PART 2............................................................................................................................................7
Analyse team development theories for develop effective team.................................................8
Apply concept as well as philosophies of inform organizational behaviour.............................11
Critically evaluate the team development theory and concepts to improve business
performance and produced team effective.................................................................................12
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................12
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................13
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INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour is the learning process for both group as well as individual
performance within the organization. This is the area is examine the human behaviour in a
working environment and determine its impact on structure of company and its work process,
communication, performance, leadership, motivation, etc. this plays a very important role within
the organization in order to get positive success at market place. Present report is based on
“Ryanair” which is the first Europeans airline to adopt a low fares and lower cost approaches.
The company recently faced staffing issues and poor customer satisfaction rating. As per that,
company want to re-structure their business with better employee performance. For that report
will analysis culture, power and politics influence and effect to individual as well as team
behaviour or performance. This will also evaluate content and process theory of motivation as
well as some of motivation techniques for motivating employees. This will explain effective
team as opposed to an ineffective team. At the end of report will applying the various concept
and philosophies of organizational behaviour into business situation those are generated into
organization.
PART 1
Critically analyse organizational culture, power and politics in Ryanair influenced individual or
team behaviour.
Organizational power, politics and culture is influenced individual employee and group
behaviour within the organization. This influences the individual and team behaviours into
Ryanair. For understanding in better manner how organizational power, politics and culture
impact to performance of team behaviour, here is applied Handy’s culture model:
Handy culture model:
Handy model of culture is lead complete authority which is related to organizational
culture which is defined with four different kinds of culture power, role, task and person culture.
 Power culture: power culture is supposed with individuals whose influences spread
throughout the organization. There are very few rules and regulations in a power culture.
For example: management of Ryanair have power to change rules and regulations within
the organization as per requirement. In that, employees are highly affected because that
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rules are followed by them (Handy culture model, 2017). On the other side, team
behaviour is also affected because of working environment is changed.
 Role culture: role culture is based on rules and regulations of company. For example: am
leader have role to allocate work to followers and guide for completing work by using
their role. This can affect to behaviour of individual of Ryanair because they are not able
to use their own working style. On the other side, whole team is affected with this
because they take time to understand working.
 Task culture: Task culture is form in the situation when team in an organization are
formed to address problems and progress. For example: senior assign work task to each
and every employee in Ryanair when re-structuring organization (Shanker and et.al.,
2017). That cam affect to individual and team because they are not mix well as per
restructure of work. As per that both are not feel comfortable with the working
environment.
 Person culture: Person culture refers with individual see them as unique to the
organization. for example: in the context of Ryanair, employees are not understand their
work as per restructure than it is affect to business because through that they are not able
to perform in well manner. This creates negative impact on company growth because that
is directly affected to productivity of company. For that, management need to organize
training program for understanding their working role within the organization.
Organizational culture is affect to individual and team behaviour of employees. As per
that power also affect to team behaviour and individual for that here is select French and Raven
power type’s model:
Think leader about the discipline or rewards people for getting thing into proper and
effective manner. This considers with five factors like legitimate, expert, reward, referent and
coercive.
 Legitimate power comes from the formal right of employees, organizational culture
providing the basic legitimate power. This can affect to team behaviour and performance
due to divide organizational structure (French and raven form of power, 2017). As per
that employee of Ryanair want direction of work than they not allowed to communicate
into other department. This can affect to performance.
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 Reward power is best but most of the time, manager of Ryanair not give fair and
performance based rewards to employees. Through that employees are de-motivated with
working and not give best performance (Petrou, Demerouti and Schaufeli, 2018). As per
that, performance and behaviour of employees both are affected.
 Expert power also affect to team behaviour and performance of Ryanair because most of
the time experts are not understand situation and pass judgment which is guided in wrong
manner. That is creating complexity for team work and performance is affected.
 Referent power is refers with liking information and conveying with others in negative
manner than it is affect to team behaviour and performance of Ryanair (Pearce, 2017).
 Coercive power is affect team behaviour and performance when manager of Ryanair
abuse to people and try to insult people. Through that employees are not happy and not
ready to give hard contribution.
Power is also affect to team behaviour and performance of organization. On the other side,
politics is also affected to employee behaviour and performance by using Chantal’s
characteristics is as follows:
The political behaviour is subset of human behaviours that is involves politics and power.
This behaviour is affected the team behaviour and performance in negative manner. Like: team
working in Ryanair have one employee who has the; political mind due to getting higher success
at working place (Newman and et.al., 2017). In that they try to create conflicts between
employees and convey various negative thoughts about manager. This think is called as political
behaviours which is affect negatively. On the other side, nature of mass brief is also often
political behaviour involve abilities or lack of proper knowledge about working. Most of the
time, leaders think that they have proper knowledge of working but reality is they have not
appropriate work structure and information, this crate negative working environment.
Evaluate different theories of motivation and motivational techniques.
Motivation is most important part of employee life which is provide proper way to them.
In the context of organization, leaders are providing proper motivation to employees by
analysing their needs and providing rewards to them in effective manner. In respect of Ryanair,
company need proper motivation for employees in order to providing better services to
customers and try to satisfy them. For that here is use some theories of motivation are as follow:
Content theory of motivation:
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Herzberg two factor theory:
This theory is included into content theory which is related with motivation and also
called hygiene theory of motivation. As per the Herzberg, job satisfiers’ deals with factors which
involves in doing job, whereas job dissatisfies deal with all those factors which defines into job
context. This includes two factors are as follows:
 Hygiene factors: this includes salary, environment, working condition, safety as well as
security on lower level at the workplace is de-motivated to employees. Those factors are
make individual unhappy and dissatisfied with job (Motivation theory, 2016). For
example: manager of Ryanair is not provide fair salary and not followed effective
working condition than employees are unhappy or not give hard contribution for
achieving gaols. In that management need to provide well working environment.
 Motivation factor: this enhances satisfaction of job and this is based on personal growth.
For example: manager of Ryanair not behaving fair with each employee than it is affect
to employee inn negative manner. In manager need to give extra responsibility and
motivate them for working in better manner.
Process theory of motivation:
Adams equity theory:
In this theory, employees are comparing contribution to work, with their action and
benefits will result to benefits of the references person. In the context of Ryanair workers put
inputs into jobs like efforts, experiences, education, energy and expert knowledge for getting
outcomes like the salary, rewards, promotion and challenge to work each in equal amounts
(Burrell and Morgan, 2017). For example; employee of Ryanair is give hard contribution for
achieving goals and objective of company which is called as an input. At against of that,
employer is not providing fair compensation than affect negatively or provide fair than
employees are highly motivated.
Those are the theories of motivation which are help to motivate employees by satisfying
needs and wants of employees in effective manner. There are including some motivation
techniques which are as follows:
 Financial rewards: those rewards include extra money, cash gifts, and bounces to
employees. Like employee of Ryanair is give better performance than employer give
bounce to them is help to motivate employees.
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 Non financial reward: this includes gifts, positive impression on mind. Like if employee
performs better than employers passes good comment in front of whole staff member
which is create long effect on employee mind (Becker and et.al., 2016). This gives higher
motivation on employees for working better.
Those are bet motivation techniques which are important and effective for motivating employees
for giving hard contribution toward effective working.
Critically evaluate relationship betwixt culture, power, politics as well as motivation which team
and organization to succeed with recommendations.
Organizational culture, politics, power and motivation is enables team and organization to
succeed in effective manner. Proper relations between in those aspects are help to create positive
working environment and conditions for employee. Through that employees are highly motivate
at working place and create hard working in order to achieve goals of company. For that here is
include some recommendations for Ryanair company and to its employees are as follows:
Company should organize training and development program for giving training and
detailed information about restructured working (Martinko, 2018). In addition to that manager
should create positive working culture and environment without playing any politics will help to
make best performance of employees. Another, management need to provide motivation to
employees by providing better rewards to them in effective manner. For motivating through
rewards company should use non financial reward because that will gives longer impression on
employee mind. Through that employees are able to give hard contribution for achieving goals
and objectives of organization in successive manner. This help to improve overall company
performance in better and in effective manner.
PART 2
Effective helpful team as opposed to an ineffective team
The success & growth of business is destructive to the people working with it. If they do
good work and finish the work given at the right time because of which the company can provide
the services at the right time to customers which in return retain buyers for long and increase
profitability rather than before. All success and benefit Ryanair gain just because of effective
team who are able to accomplish their day to day activities on timely manner and contribute in
competitive environment by working much better than members of ineffective team.
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It can be said that collaborative practices between effective team mates helps in making
them more capable to achieve greater success (Epstein, 2017). Unit is very aware of their own
functions, quickly it will stop to evaluate how better it is doing or what may be inquisitive with
their work. Effective group always conduct collaborative practices they are effectively learn new
things from each other. It analyzed that collaboration is key element of team productivity and
performance; it is a sigh of effective team as it harnesses best out of few or more individuals
together. Efficiency is an important part of unit and essential aspects of work area. Workplace
collaboration will keep this team and its members safe from extra work load as tasks gets
distributed evenly. But in context of ineffective team due to poor collaboration every member
feel high load of work that impact on their work activities as well as outcomes.
Within Ryanair productive team member are always encourage discussion on areas on
which they are not in favor and utilize healthy conflict to represent creativity and modify in ideas
before reaching a consensus. Open discussion act makes effective team as opposed to ineffective
one. Most of people are less interested in open discussion they always stay away from this act
and prefer to consider their own opinion more than other.
In effective team members make contributions and participate to team with discussion being
reasonable and appropriate and individual being prepared to listen to and understand from other
unit. On the other hand, people of ineffective team are less interested in participating in the
process (Ruiz and Hamlin, 2018). They do not like to work in collaboration, which has a direct
effect on success and growth of business negatively. Ineffective teams establish poor and
disagreed objectives and an environment full of stress & tension. These tensions are sometimes
detained in check, but on specific act flare into destructive situation and there are clashes of
personality with individual not really listening to what others are saying. Throughout voting
decision will be taken but with few attempts to win tasks will be done that is clear sign of
ineffective team. Successful team members listen and understand each other and every ideas is
given a hearing on the other hand ineffective team individual do not really listen to each other
and ignored ideas given by other person or team mate.
Analyse team development theories for develop effective team.
Developing effective team into organization is very important part of company. Effective
team is wonderful aspects of achieving higher growth with best performance. Here is use team
development theories are as follows:
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Belbin team role theory:
This theory is assign the roles of each and every team member and develop best team in
oppose to ineffective team (Ashraf, Gershman and Howitt, 2017). Ryanair need to execute theory
to create ineffective team into effective team.
 Resource investigator is best part of team who is bring the new ideas back to them into
Ryanair. That has provided better instruction to employees for working in better manner
for developing best team.
 Team worker is help to whole team for gel, through versatility for identifying work
required and complete on behalf of them. Through team of Ryanair is got help with team
worker for completing their work in effective manner.
 Co-ordinator is another who needs to make focus on objectives of team and draw out
team members who are delegate work appropriately (Belbin team role theory, 2017).
Through that team work complete with confidently and clarifies goals.
 Plant is tend to be creative at solving problems in unconventional ways. Through that
ineffective team turn into effective team because all the problems are solved easily and
effective without any other problems.
 Monitor evaluator is provide the logical eye and effective judgements required and
weights team options in dispassionate way. Through that if team work in wrong way than
they have right to provide proper guidance for working in better manner and turns
ineffective team into effective team.
 Specialist is bring in-depth knowledgeable of a key area to team. Through that each
member of team gets proper knowledge and information about working and done task in
proper manner (Allen, Porter and Angle, 2016).
 Shaper have thee important role for making effective team oppose to ineffective team.
They have role to provide necessary drive for ensuring which the team keep moving as
well as do not lose focus or momentum. This provides better challenging and dynamic
working ability to employees for building effective team oppose to ineffective team. This
factor is help to give proper shape to team.
 Implementer is another important part of team working into Ryanair Company. They
have to plan a workable strategy and carrying it out as the efficiently as possible (Young
and Ghoshal, 2016). Through that team working within the Ryanair have effective and
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better strategy to implement into working is help to get higher performance level into
workplace.
 Complete finisher is most effective and valuable aspects for team developing because
they used end of task to polish work for errors, subjecting to the highest standard of
quality control in respective manner (Brunsson and Olsen, 2018).
This is the Belbin team role theory which is describe role and responsibility of each and every
employee and team member for working in better manner. By following this theory into Ryanair
is help to develop effective team in oppose to ineffective team. This creates more effectiveness
for company to perform better into workplace.
Tuckman theory:
This theory has focus on those ways for team tackles a task from the initial level and
formation of team through to completion of project. This theory is considered with four stages
which are explains below:
 Forming is having high dependences on leaders for guidance and direction. At this stage,
leaders of Ryanair are providing proper guidance to employees and ready to solve all the
queries of employee. Through that they have proper working guidance.
 Storming is the power of taking decision which is not come easily into group. In that
team have need to make focus on goals to avoid distract by relationship as well as
emotional issues (Tuckman theory, 2016). At this stage, leaders of Ryanair take better
decision for working by considering strategy and goals.
 Norming is stage where roles and responsibilities are clearly accepted by employees and
team member for working in better manner. Through that whole team member are clear
with their working role into company is more effective for creating effective team.
 Performing is the stage where whole team members performs each task and projects to
working in better manner (Kurtessis and et.al., 2017). Here employees are considering all
the strategies and guidance of leaders.
 Adjourning is the final stage of tuckman theory. At this stage leaders of Ryanair is adjust
whole team.
Those models are help to develop effective team in oppose to ineffective team.
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Apply concept as well as philosophies of inform organizational behaviour.
The concept and philosophies related to organizational behaviour which is depends on the
two factors like nature of people and organization. through that, team members are able work in
positive performance and productivity. For that here is include path goal theory of leadership are
as follows:
Path goals theory:
This theory is complement for their employees. This provides effective way to leaders to
performing and encouraging their followers in effective manner.
 Directive leadership: in this leaders are known what is exactly done and direction of
working. As per this leadership style, leaders of Ryanair are given proper and effective
guidance for working in better manner (Bakotić, 2016).
 Supportive leadership, in these leaders are paying complete attention to needs of their
employees. In this leaders are always support to employees. Through that employees
perform well and through that company is able to improve and enhance productivity and
performance of team.
 Achievement oriented leaders, in these leaders of Ryanair sets challenges goals as well
as task for team and expect that team is follow those in effective manner (Leary, 2019).
This force is creating effective in team members in positive manner.
 Participative leadership, in this leaders are refers deems important to work within
employees and includes idea and opinions for creating effective manner. This process
helps to get better performance and productivity in team.
This helped to achieve goals and objective by properly communicate with employees in effective
manner.
 Communication is barrier which is employees and leaders of Ryanair face by
implementing re structure (Kim and et.al., 2017). In that management need to
communicate properly with employees.
 Leadership is also important for Ryanair in restructuring work. In that leaders need to use
techniques and motivation for employees.
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Critically evaluate the team development theory and concepts to improve business performance
and produced team effective.
Team development theories are positive help for building effective team oppose with
ineffective team. This gives positive impact on business performance and produced team
effective. For example: if management of Ryanair adopt team development theory is help to
perform task in better manner. However, if theories are not help to develop better team is help to
improve business performance and produced team effective.
On the other side, concept of organizational behaviour is influences to improve business
performance and produced team in effective manner. This creates more effectiveness for
business performance in negative and positive manner. for example: if leaders are provide proper
guidance to employees than it is create hard working environment with proper motivation is help
to make positive impact (Brown, 2017). On the other side, if employees are not got proper
direction than it is affect to employees in negative manner. For that management should provide
proper guidance and support to their employee for working in better manner.
CONCLUSION
That above study summarized the organizational behaviour has very important and effective
part of company in order to achieve goals and objectives of company in effective manner. The
report had understood organizational culture by using handy culture model, power by French and
Raven model and politics by Chantal characteristics. For motivating employee for working into
restructure business, report had covered Adams equity theory and Herzberg two factor theory as
well as motivational factors. Report had been covered with belbin team role theory and tuckman
theory for developing effective team in oppose to ineffective team. At the end of report
highlighted with path goal theory for given proper direction to employees in better manner.
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