Analysis of Organisational Culture and Motivation

The provided document is an assignment that explores the concept of organisational culture and its influence on employee motivation. It discusses various theories and models related to organisational culture, including Handy's Model, and highlights the importance of cultural change in organisations. The assignment also touches upon leadership and power dynamics, as well as the role of technology-enhanced innovation in shaping organisational culture. The document includes references from books and journals, as well as online sources, providing a comprehensive understanding of the topic.

WRITTEN REPORT
(Organisational Behaviour)

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
MAIN BODY ..................................................................................................................................3
Primary Research ...................................................................................................................3
Secondary research.................................................................................................................7
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Organizational behaviour is that area of human science that deals with the examination of
human behaviour at the workplace and it determines the effect of human behaviour on job
structure, performance, motivation, communication, leadership etc. Organizational behaviour can
be referred to as the study of both organizational and individual performances and activities
within in a company. The present report is about the organization culture of Amazon Inc., an
American multinational technological giant headquartered in Seattle, Washington. The report
will highlight the organizational culture of the company in relation to a theory, a primary
research will be conducted for assessing the working culture of the company. Further,secondary
research will be undertaken in which the different theories of communication, motivation,
culture. It will also be shown in the report that how the organization can apply the culture of the
company for further enhancing the success.
MAIN BODY
Primary Research
Research is based on one of the most renowned organisation which is famous for its
services and products through online dealing and also is engaged into one of the largest e
commerce industry named as Amazon company. As it was founded by Jeff Bozos on July 5,
1994. Amazon is considered to be one of the best technology service provided in the world and
also deal in various services which helps the customers to get all the things at one place. As it is
engaged with 6,47,500 employees working with this organisation. To deal with such large
number of employees they have to maintain certain culture and their values which motivated
employees to work harder and maintain trust and loyalty with the business activities. As the
organisation is based on trust and honesty and they are the major aspect which is expected from
every employees and their senior mangers engaged with them.
Thus, organisational culture means it is the set of values and standard that every
organisation had to follow to determine the behaviour of the employees and its also being helpful
while working as a team. It also involves the whole working structure of the organisation
reflecting the way they engage their activities or coordinate with other people and helps them to
achieve their goal in the organisation. To enhance the organisation culture it reflects the culture
and values which they assemble with their past employees. Clients, regarding delivering of

products and services and activities which they conducted for their employees to motivate them
to work harder. It helps them to make a strong reputation in the market if the get the positive
feedback regarding such reviews which they get from them.
The elements of the culture to improve organisation in a better way may results in
reflecting the views of the members and the employee worked with them so that there decision
are appreciated for the benefits of the organisation. In organisation social activities are involved
which motivated employees to communicate with each other and share their views and thoughts.
As if the organisation is engaged with many employees their reviews of the people are also
many, this results in brining consequence in the company matters. As it is the duty of the
organisation to verify the matter and survey the detail about the incidents before taking any
judgement. The major elements which reflect the effective organisation culture is to help the
employees to behave in ethical way in the organisation and also helps them to construct proper
attitudes to deal with any issue which they can face in the organisation. As Amazon company is
extended to large scale, so different culture of employees are engaged with them. They have to
make stress free and friendly environment to their employees, so that they can discuss their
matter or issue with their senior without any hesitation. To motivate employees in the
organisation the major role which is played in this is by the way of leaders and their style which
they use to trained the employees to achieve their targets within the allotted time. Language is
the also major issue which affect the culture of the organisation in the different way. As they
culture depends upon the values and communication which they used to motivate others and also
make employees feel comfortable in the work premises.
INTERVIEW
1) From your point, what are the expectation of the employees in the organisation
 Friendly behaviour
 Workaholic
 Stress
 Group-ism
2) According to you, what are your expectation from the employees
 Enhance communication

 Participate in social activities
 Follow the leaders instruction
 Behave ethical
3) According to you, how you define your employer personality In the organisation
 Formal
 Informal
 Caring
 Family member
4)From the below option, how the company make important decisions.
 Collective
 Individual
 Groups
5)After taking the important decision, is they are discussed with the employees.
6)Is the organisation following the proper holiday/ leave structure.
7) Are you provide proper training while committing the work in the office premises.
8) Is the organisation mission, vision and their values to achieve targets are clear.
9) Are your leaders motivated or not?
10) Is leadership style is helpful to achieve the goals and targets in the organisation.
According to the primary survey, organisational culture had an effective role in relation
to the employees working and achieving their targets in the organisation. As per the survey, it
came across regarding the Handy theory which is used by the Amazon company to enhance their
employees towards the work. In this model, company uses 4 types of culture – power, role, task
and person but majorly they focus on task and role. As the employees are clearly indicated their
roles and responsibility which they have to follow in ethical way. As at the time of recruitment
they have to make familiar with the rules which they have to follow from the day starting as it
not only indicate their behaviour but also the company structure are clearly defined.

As role culture depends upon the organisation tall structure which is the organisation
structure defining the role and responsibility of every person working in the organisation. As
company is engaged with lot of employees, so every employees had assigned some duty which
they have to follow according to the company norms. The role of senior managers are different
from the junior mangers but both of them to work ethically which did not affect the integrity of
the company. As in terms of task culture, Amazon company mainly uses this method to judge the
skills and capabilities of their employees to work as a team. As task and goal can be archived if
the objective of the company can be achieved as team efforts also the chances of risk reduces
because if all the team members work together they bring different ideas and concept which
helps company to accomplishing the task within the given time. As task culture is exemined after
allocating the team member to accomplished task. Through this theory they can evaluate the
employees behaviours and their way to commit such activity within the stipulated time. In this
theory, leaders play an effective role as due to their motivation and guidelines they know the
right path to accomplish such task. Leadership style varies from person to person. As all
employees are not same and their way to complete the task are also different, so it's the duty of
the leader of the company to treat the employees according to their knowledge and not in terms
of their caste, religion to assigned the work and helps them to complete.
Thus, organisational culture reflect the completed management strategy of the company
and their style to treat their employees and motivate them to achieve their goals in the
organisation. Amazon company carry their operation work from renowned countries and due to
their large establishment, they have the strong brand name in the market. This identifies their
employees hard working and the senior manager's strategy to achieve the mission and visions of
the company to establish their business at more large scale and to provide more employment in
the countries. They reduce the communication gap so that junior employees can easily
communicate with the senior managers and discuss the issue and problems which they faced
while completing the task. Through this process they make a strong relationship with their
employees and also they provide decision making authority to their employee and their decision
are implemented and executed at the time of taking decision.

Secondary research
In secondary research, the already published information is used for solving the problems
in the identified in the research. In here, theories of communication, motivation, and organization
culture will be analysed that can help Amazon in enhancing their success and growth.
Theory of organizational culture : Organization culture can be described as a system of
shared values, beliefs, assumptions, attitudes,etc.,that governs the behaviour of people in an
organization. The culture of a company sets a traditions and values that has a great influence on
the behaviour of the employees (Zhu, 2015).
Handy’s Model of Organizational culture:
Power culture : This is a culture where the power lies in the hand of a few number of
people in the organization. They make all the necessary decisions for the business entity.
Employees are rated as per what they have achieved rather than analyse how they have achieved
things in the company. In this culture, the decision making is very quick as power is with few
people only who takes decision for the organization.
Role culture : This type of culture exists in large corporations like Amazon in which
decisions are taken collectively by all within an organization. Roles of everyone in the company
are determined according to which employees acts. Such a culture in an organization leads to
efficient decision making. Power is derived from position of an employee and is characterized by
hierarchical bureaucracy (Handy's Model of Organisational Culture, 2018).
Task culture : In task culture, teams are created and accordingly work is allocated for
completing specific projects in the company. Members of the teams performs cohesively so that
business activities could be undertaken with more efficiency.
Person culture : In this culture, person or individual considers themselves superior to the
organization. In this, an organization exists only as a platform where people with same level of
expertise, training and background can work.
Culture of Amazon: Amazon follows a mixture of role and task culture where people
are given specific roles according to which they undertake their activities in the company. Also,
company has developed teams so that work can be divided in teams for accomplishing the

objectives and goals of the company. Employees are given authority to give their input in the
decision making which supports the role culture.
Communication theory: Communication refers to the flow of information in an organization.
Different types of communication are :
Formal communication : In this type of organization, the flow of information takes place
through the well defined structure like chain of command. The flow of formation is controlled in
this type of communication. The benefit of this type of that information does not get distort and
reaches to the intended person in a proper way.
Informal communication : In this, the information passes through informal channels like
through social groups. There is a high possibility of information getting distort in informal
communication and sometimes it creates rumours that could hinders the efficiency of the
organization.
Organizational structure affects the communication in the Amazon as the culture of the
company tells how employees should communicate with co-workers and seniors. As the
company allows its workers to communicate openly at all levels, it encourages employees in
putting up their issues towards the management (Mohelska and Sokolova, 2015). Such a culture
where any person can talk to anyone leads to quick flow of information. In this way, decision can
be taken very quickly that eventually enhances the efficiency of the communication system of
the Amazon. Also, when such a friendly environment exits in a company, it assists it in
increasing the efficiency of the employees at work.
Theory of motivation : There are different theories of motivation out of which one is Maslow
hierarchy of needs. The theory comprises of five needs in chronological order that motivates a
person at work. These are:
 Psychological needs : These are basic needs of a person such as air, water, clothing, etc.
 Safety needs : when physiological needs are satisfied, then safety needs of an employee has
to satisfied. These include job financial security, health security etc (Motivation Theories:
Top 8 Theories of Motivation – Explained, 2018).
 Social needs : These needs involves love, care, affection, friendship at workplace.

 Esteem needs : recognition, power, social status, admiration, self esteem etc ate included in
this one.
 Self actualization : This need involves an urge of a person of becoming something which it
is capable of.
Amazon follows the culture of motivating its employees by the way of satisfying their
needs. Like it provides best adequate remuneration o its employees through which they can
afford the basic amenities of life. The company motivates its employees by providing them the
job security and health security through health insurance etc. Employees in the company can
boosted with motivation by creating friendly environment where employees feels wanted in the
organization. The technological giant provides rewards and recognition to its employees who
outperforms the tasks allotted to them which satisfies their self esteem needs. Lastly, job
enrichment is the tool which is used by company in fulling elf actualization needs of its
employees. People like additional responsibility at work as they want to grow and develop in the
organization and this urge motivates them to work with more passion at work.
When the employees are motivated, it helps in increasing the efficiency of the company
which ultimately reflects in the financial . of the organization. Thus, it can be said that Amazon
follows a culture where it focuses on motivating its employees so that greater efficiency can be
achieved for the organization as well as for the employees.
CONCLUSION
From the above research it can be concluded that organisational behaviours helps the
organisation to sustain their liability in the emerging market for the longer term if they follow
various rules and norms which enhance their stability of employees to achieve goals. It is also
examined that the way of communication and the language are used are also had the direct
impact of the working structure. As the communication gap which is between the employees and
the employer results in lack of retention of employees as they feel in secured regarding their job.
Their decision are not taken into consideration which affects their decision making power and
their importance is less in the company. Organisation culture should be free in terms of

communication, so that employees can discuss any ideas and thoughts which they came across to
changes the company strategy for better purpose.
Various theories and models are also defined which reflect the organisational culture in a
better way. As in case of Amazon company various theories are implemented to motivate their
employees towards wok. Through their employees hard work and creative ideas they take the
company brand name to a new scale and also enhance their reputation for longer term. Through
the organisation culture, it also motivates the team member to chive their targets as a team. Thus,
organisational cultures is a unique concept which is successfully adopted by few companies as it
is hard to bring changes in their working structure but if it implemented successfully than it
enhance their goodwill in the market.

REFERENCES
Books and journals
Appannah, A. and Biggs, S., 2015. Age-friendly organisations: The role of organisational culture
and the participation of older workers. Journal of Social Work Practice. 29(1). pp.37-51.
Appelbaum, N. P. and et.al., 2016. The effects of power, leadership and psychological safety on
resident event reporting. Medical education. 50(3). pp.343-350.
Corfield, A. and Paton, R., 2016. Investigating knowledge management: can KM really change
organisational culture?. Journal of Knowledge Management. 20(1). pp.88-103.
Elsmore, P., 2017. Organisational Culture: Organisational Change?: Organisational Change?.
Routledge.
Gao, Y., 2017. Business leaders’ personal values, organisational culture and market
orientation. Journal of Strategic Marketing. 25(1). pp.49-64.
Maitland, A., Hills, L. A. and Rhind, D. J., 2015. Organisational culture in sport–A systematic
review. Sport Management Review. 18(4). pp.501-516.
Mohelska, H. and Sokolova, M., 2015. Organisational culture and leadership–joint
vessels?. Procedia-Social and behavioral sciences. 171. pp.1011-1016.
Muls, A. and et.al., 2015. Influencing organisational culture: a leadership challenge. British
Journal of Nursing. 24(12). pp.633-638.
Whelan, C., 2016. Organisational culture and cultural change: A network perspective. Australian
& New Zealand journal of criminology. 49(4). pp.583-599.
Zhu, C., 2015. Organisational culture and technology-enhanced innovation in higher
education. Technology, Pedagogy and Education. 24(1). pp.65-79.
Online
Handy's Model of Organisational Culture. 2018. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.tutor2u.net/business/reference/models-of-organisational-culture-handy>.
Motivation Theories: Top 8 Theories of Motivation – Explained. 2018. [Online]. Available
through<http://www.yourarticlelibrary.com/motivation/motivation-theories-top-8-theories-
of-motivation-explained/35377>