Organizational Theory and Practice

This document discusses the management style, leadership style, and effects of power, influence, and dispute in the context of Sainsbury's. It also explores the different types of motivation used at the company.

Organizational theory
and practice

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION ..........................................................................................................................3
A. Explain the management style and state the principle and functions of management used by
the CEO of retail organisation. .......................................................................................................3
B. Examine and analysis the steps which are taken by CEO in order to organisation structure
achieving high performance due to changes in working culture by CEO. .....................................5
C. Describe and discuss the leadership style of the CEO of that firm.............................................5
D. Examine the effects of power, influence and dispute in context of Sainsbury's.........................6
E Various types of motivation used at selected company. ..............................................................8
F. Examine the corporate examples and literature in order to justify your stand. ..........................9
G. Suggestion/recommendation for increasing operational efficiency based on discussion or
debate...............................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION .............................................................................................................................10
REFERENCE.................................................................................................................................11

INTRODUCTION
Management style tends to a unique style of leadership in order to manage & handle the
employees or other resources of company. In relevance to this there are number of different
styles that are opt by leaders of company with the aim of managing their workers. Senior
executives of company decide the future course of action based on prevailing conditions along
with culture within company. In which the present report is based on assessing the management
style of CEO of Sainsbury, who is Simon John Robert,he is a British businessman & chief
executive officer of Sainsbury since 1 June 2020 (Sainsbury's, 2021). It is a second largest chain
of supermarket sector. Moreover, there is assessment of management style & function along with
principles of management that is used by CEO of retail company is carried out. Discussion about
steps adhere by CEO in context of organisational structure for achieving high performance is
included. As well as its impact on workers is analysed based on adoption of leadership style.
A. Explain the management style and state the principle and functions of
management used by the CEO of retail organisation.
Management style-: Simon John Roberts is famous personality in order to more focusing
towards the authoritarian management style in order to effectively managing the functions of
organisation due to achieving organisation goal and objectives. It considered as CEO of
Sainbury's since 1st June 2020 and it effectively applied autocratic style in order to follow proper
structure of organisation (Banks, 2018). It involves organisation structure smoothly flow of
information in order to employees are reporting to senior and senior solve the problems and
concerns their senior. In context of Sainsbury's , it includes organisation focusing towards the
product and services as well as fulfilling the needs of customers. Sainsbury's is one of the leading
organisation in order to larger retail supermarket chain in UK. It includes they are serves the best
services and products for customers in order to satisfy the need and wants.
Principle of management-: It involves Simon John Roberts focusing towards the
principle of management in order to sustain and survive in the market for longer period of time.
In relevance of organisation, it includes they are focusing on innovative ideas as well as
developing innovative products and services. There are ample numbers of competitors are
available in the market in order to organisation formulating strategies in order to achieving
companies achieving competitive advantages (Bowen, 2016). There are ample numbers of

principle of management which are followed by CEO of Sianbury's such as Henry Fayol gives
14 principle and effectively implementation in business model as well as with new concept and
perception. Simon John Robert is focusing principle of management such as unity of direction
which refers to 5th principle of Fayol from 14 principles of management. This principle refers to
developing spirit of team work in order to achieving organisation goal and objectives achieved
effectively and efficiently. Due to COVID-19 situation organisation follow this principle of
management which refers to whole direction in order to serves the best products as well as easily
pick up & delivery due to started online delivery.
Functions of management-: There are various functions of management in order to
utilised by CEO iof organisation. Simon John Roberts developing as own rules and principle in
order to managing activities and delivered the best services for customer so discussed below.
Planning-: This is the main function of management in order to CEO of company
developing plan in order to attained organisation goal and objectives. It includes collection of al
the resources in order to delegate the authority and responsibility to employees and they are
responsible for outcomes ans set time limit because specific work accomplished within period of
time (Burke, 2017). It is essential to focusing on work in order to sustain and survive
organisation for longer period of time.
Organisation-: This is the next function of management in order to plan the activities in
order to properly organizing in order to smoothly run the business operations. It includes follow
the proper structure which result as developing team spirit among the existing employees in
order to performing business function effectively anxd efficiently. It includes providing task and
activities within team members so accordingly performed as well as providing best outcomes.
Leading-: It includes managers and leaders work effectively and efficiently in order to
sustain for longer periods of time. It includes they are focusing ample numbers of challenges so
accordigly formulating various strategies in order to achieving organisation goal and objectives.
In context of Siansbury's, it utilisation various tools and techniques in order to implementing
effectively which result as providing proper direction to its team members.
Controlling-: This is the last function of principle of management in order to measures
the employees performance as well as organisation utilising various techniques in order to
achieving organisation goal and objectives. It considered as various factors are involves such as
employees performance, quality work as well as effectiveness and efficiency.

B. Examine and analysis the steps which are taken by CEO in order to
organisation structure achieving high performance due to changes in
working culture by CEO.
Division culture: When the company is expanding supply of their product and services
they have to offer various product to customers according to work they deal in organisation.
They have to divide the the organisation into department according to product, demand of
customer, market and their types (Collins, 2018). It is divided into three structure which are
product structure, geographical structure and market structure.
Product structure refers the organisation produced the goods have to group together
according to their categories of product. Market structure is based on the market and group
workers according to the specific market.
Geographical structure refers that employees are grouped in one division of department
when they are in one location. Sainsbury's uses market structure but earlier they use geographical
structure. Because of this style the CEO Simon John Roberts is focusing on function that produce
high efficiency. The size of organisation they follow the structure in order to smoothly run the
business organisation. CEO of Sianbury's id developing effective structure of organisation in
order to sustain in the market for longer period of time. It includes organisation formulating
various strategies in order to beat competitor at marketplace as well as capturing market share.
Organisation utilisation various model in order to analysing the market situation and condition in
order to accordingly developing products and services which result as providing best product and
services for customers (Dalkir, 2017). Simon John Roberts is plan in order to developing various
strategies a well as taking effective decision making in order to successful growth in the market.
In COVID-19 situation organisation starting home delivery facility in order to attracting large
numbers of customers. It includes they are operating retail stores in many countries.
C. Describe and discuss the leadership style of the CEO of that firm.
CEO of the Sainsbury's Simon John Roberts effectively adapting transformation
leadership style in order to encouraging, motivating and inspiring subordinates in order to
developing new changes which result as achieving organisation goal and objectives. It is
essential to managing organisation effectively and efficiently in order to developing new
strategies in order to sustain and survive in the market for longer period of time. It is process

which refers to CEO of Simon John Roberts focused on various style of leadership in order to
used effectively management adapting which result as developing new idea because making
innovative product and services. Sainsbury's is one of the leading supermarket chain in order to
serves many customers because ample numbers of competitors are present in the market
(Dougherty, 2017). There are ample numbers of leadership style which are used by CEO of
company.
Transformational leadership-: It includes this leadership refers to various stages such as
teams, division, department and organisation. It considered as leaders has adapting risk in order
to successfully establishing organisation. It involves leaders managing activities and operation in
order to using charismatic approach which refers to sustain and growth of business at
marketplace. In context of organisation, it includes they are utilisation various transformation
leadership such as Sainsbury's in order to achieving organisation goal and objectives.
Intellect stimulation-: It is another approach which are used by the CEO of Sainsbury's
in order to developing new ideas and opinion as well as using creative and innovative approach.
It considered as manager and leaders motivated employees towards the work performance. It is
process which refers to subordinate developing creative thinking which result as enhancing
profitability and productivity of organisation.
Forward thinking-: It is essential to each and every businessmen in order to compete
with other brands as well as gaining competitive advantages (Hatch, 2018). The main purpose of
the CEO of Sainsbury's is developing effective working culture in organisation in order to
sustain and survive for longer period of time. It is necessary to making improvement in
employees performance and developing effective organisation culture.
D. Examine the effects of power, influence and dispute in context of
Sainsbury's.
Sainsbury's is one of the leading organisation in the British retail industry with more than
111,900 employees recruited across 70 international markets. The organisation has strong
consumer base in the UK and is aiming to expand their operations internationally. The
organisation has implemented new schemes to improve their output and net profits.
Effect of power: As the organisation has to maintain collaborations and complete their
tasks swiftly and efficiently in order to gain competitive edge in the market, the company is
aiming to use various approaches to improve procedures related to distribution and warehouse

management. The CEO of the firm is constructing future imagery and objectives for the
company and process to match the business statement of the company with objectives and core
values of the firm. The organisation needs to attain higher levels of efficiency for survival for a
longer time period.
Conflicts: Every business faces various conflicts in their daily operations and in the case
of a huge multinational corporation, effective conflict management is essential for smooth
functioning of the company (Hayes, 2018). The organisation faces various disputes related to
recruitment, promotions, management, reward policies and many other and it is necessary for the
high authorities at the company to identify the root cause of such conflicts and eliminate timely
completion of various activities. Management of disputes related to work culture and employee
relations is essential for creating healthy image of the company and retention of talented
employees for perpetual success of the company.
Conflict management theory: This theory revolves around impartial determination and
management of various disputes in the workplace. The CEO of Sainsbury's Roberts utilises
various management styles during elimination of disputes (Manning, 2017). Several of such
styles and approaches are provided below:
Co-ordinating with supervisors: This approach involves constructing objectives by co-
ordinating with managers and finding solutions for various disputes in which each member gains
something and the conflict is avoided.
Conflict resolution framework: This framework is utilised by the respective company
and is mentioned below:
Phase 1 – Recognition: This phase includes recognition of various deviation for plans
during global pandemic and is associated with situations when a member aims to influence other
members.
Phase 2- Self-formulation: This phase involves exchange of the needed results between
concerned members and understanding their positions in relation to collection of resources
needed for elimination of dispute.
Phase 3- Dispute elimination: This phase is concerned with eliminating negativity in
emotions between the members by accepting and stooping disruption and negativity.
Phase 4- Discussion: In this phase, the opinions and ideas of the concerned members is
taken into account for collecting data about their feelings on this matter and the proposed ideas.

The above discussion highlights that management of dispute in the respective organisation is
completed through collaborative effort between various members.
E Various types of motivation used at selected company.
Motivation tends to a process that initiates, guide, instruct, and maintained the behaviour
of an individual towards goal. It provides strength for performing better in order to attain pre
defined goal. In relevance to this there are number of ways used by entities of company in order
to motivate their employees for increasing their efficiency of working Netshitangani, 2018).
Some of the ways that are used by companies are as follows:
With the help of motivational theories- There are number of motivational styles opt by
companies and the most effective used by companies are Maslow motivational theory. It states
that there are five basic need of an individual that needs to be fulfilled for motivating itself. The
five stages model is divided in deficiency needs & growth need. In which the top level is related
with the growth & the reaming four tends to deficiency need. All of the stages are mentioned
below:
Physiological need:- It refers to a biological needs that required for the survival. In which
it includes clothing, shelter, good, etc. All these needs to be satisfied in order to increase the
satisfaction level of individual.
Safety needs- Once the biological needs get satisfied then individual strive to satisfied
their safety needs which is related with the safety security. In context of sainsbury ceo, this
stages of motivation theory ensure that emotional & security needs of an individual are fulfilled
or not in order to increase the motivation level.
Belongingness needs – When both safety & biological need get accomplish, individual
jumps to this belongingness and that includes interpersonal relationship among friends, family
member, peers, subordinates etc. so that can motivates the individual behaviour.
Esteem need- This is the last stage of deficiency need and the part of chosen company
ECO. It is used for ensuring that employees are able to create suffice self esteem, reputation,
wants and respected from their surrounded once (Yaari, Blit-Cohen and Savaya, 2020). It mainly
arise from formal position that is experienced by workers in terms of status & prestige.
Self actualisation need- It tends to the last & highest need of Maslow hierarchy that is
related with the realising the capabilities & self satisfaction by an individual in term of personal
growth. This tends to desire for the accomplishment of everything that is exist in an individual.

In context of Sainsbury, this need concentrate to make sure that workers of organisation are able
to perform with their full efficiency or not.
Motivation types opt by top management of Sainsbury-
With relevance to Sainsbury CEO, he mainly concentrate to use extrinsic reward methods
related with the motivation of employees by providing by providing them various benefits such
as Health care benefits, financial, etc. so that entities will able to buy stock at lower &
discounted price and workers will able to get additional income based on their performance
within company. In situation of COVID-19, they are using motivational theory in order to
motivate employees with the aim of increasing their working efficiency as well as contribution
level.
F. Examine the corporate examples and literature in order to justify your
stand.
Defining and communication of vision-: It includes each and every leaders using various
leadership forms and style in order to enhancing organisation profitability. It includes utilisation
various tool and techniques which result as clear vision and mission (Meltzer, 2018).
Aspirational leadership is effective strategies which are more convenient for this kind of
business model. The main objective of company in order to providing standard of living as well
as save money so they live in better way. It is statement and justification given by Simon John
Roberts in order to CEO of Sainsbury's as well as developing various strategies in order to
attracting large numbers of customers as well as increasing effectiveness of organisation.
G. Suggestion/recommendation for increasing operational efficiency based on
discussion or debate.
From above discussion, it has been analysed that the CEO of Sainsbury needs to improve
their management styles in order to increase the performance of employees in relevance to this
few of recommendation are as follows;
The vision statement of company need to communicate effectively so that it will get
embedded in minds of workers of company. Changes in vision of organisation leads to changes
in strategies and that could adhere Sainsbury with the aim of changes that take place in flexible
competitive environment as well as the overall situation of retail industry. For which omni

channel business strategy would be the viable for serving users so that they can stay connect with
them in upcoming period or future. After the Covid-19 crises.
In relevance to leadership style, delegation & empowering is one of the best strategy that
need to be opt by the CEO of Sainsbury for ensure the position of responsibility, it tends to
development of self worth sense of team competences, in different department of Sainsbury
company. This is also tends to driving the e-commerce strategy of business in order to build
fulfilment centre with number of year plan of chosen company so that they could able to deal
with high volatility.
In context of motivation, CEO of company needs to provide performance appraisal & do
encourage their workers in order to motivate them for increasing their efficiency. With the
assistance of such types of techniques they will able to accomplish their goal of motivation.
CONCLUSION
From the above report it is determined that, leadership methods help the leaders
effectively manage their organisation. Development of future imagery for the company is an
approach to effective leadership. Apart from this encouraging employees to reach their
maximum potential by usage of motivational method is essential approach for swift
accomplishment of tasks and aim of the company.

REFERENCE
Books & Journal
Banks, C., 2018. Criminal justice ethics: Theory and practice. Sage Publications.
Bowen, D.E., 2016. The changing role of employees in service theory and practice: An
interdisciplinary view. Human Resource Management Review, 26(1), pp.4-13.
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Burke, W.W., 2017. Organization change: Theory and practice. Sage publications.
Collins, H., 2018. Creative research: the theory and practice of research for the creative
industries. Bloomsbury Publishing.
Dalkir, K., 2017. Knowledge management in theory and practice. MIT press.
Dougherty, D., 2017. Grounded theory research methods. The Blackwell companion to
organizations, pp.849-866.
Hatch, M.J., 2018. Organization theory: Modern, symbolic, and postmodern perspectives.
Oxford university press.
Hayes, J., 2018. The theory and practice of change management. Palgrave.
Manning, K., 2017. Organizational theory in higher education. Routledge.
Meltzer, L. ed., 2018. Executive function in education: From theory to practice. Guilford
Publications.
Netshitangani, T., 2018. Management style and school violence: South African
perspectives. International Journal of Educational Management.
Yaari, M., Blit-Cohen, E. and Savaya, R., 2020. Management in social enterprises—Management
style, challenges, and strategies. Journal of General Management. 46(1). pp.36-46.
Online
Sainsbury's, 2021 [Online], available through<https://www.about.sainsburys.co.uk/about-us/our-
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