Preventing Smoking campaign
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PREVENTING SMOKING
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Contents
Background................................................................................................................................2
Campaign overview...................................................................................................................2
Key Facts about Tobacco Use among Children and Teenagers.................................................2
Prevalence of Tobacco Use among Children and Teenagers.................................................3
Diseases caused by smoking and prevention of smoking......................................................3
Preparation of quitting smoking.................................................................................................4
BEHAVIORAL CHANGES TO HELP YOU QUIT............................................................4
Persuasive campaign..................................................................................................................5
Audience................................................................................................................................5
Psychological, physiological and social theories.......................................................................5
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................7
Background................................................................................................................................2
Campaign overview...................................................................................................................2
Key Facts about Tobacco Use among Children and Teenagers.................................................2
Prevalence of Tobacco Use among Children and Teenagers.................................................3
Diseases caused by smoking and prevention of smoking......................................................3
Preparation of quitting smoking.................................................................................................4
BEHAVIORAL CHANGES TO HELP YOU QUIT............................................................4
Persuasive campaign..................................................................................................................5
Audience................................................................................................................................5
Psychological, physiological and social theories.......................................................................5
Conclusion..................................................................................................................................7
References..................................................................................................................................7
Background
Young individuals who smoke cigarettes as children and adolescents face a wide range of
health issues, including a rise in respiratory infections, a decreased level of physical fitness,
and possible impacts on the growth and function of the lung. Children under the age of 18
attempt to smoke their first cigarette about 2,500 times per day, and more than 400 of them
will become habitual, daily smokers in the process. People who begin smoking at a young
age are more prone than those who begin later in life to get addicted to nicotine. Most
adolescents who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime state that they would
like to quit, but are unable to do so. Small amounts of smoking, such as one cigarette daily,
can have a negative impact on your health. Even though quitting smoking is difficult, many
people have succeeded in doing so. For men and women of all ages, quitting smoking
provides immediate and considerable health advantages. The sooner you give up, the more
you will reap. Before the age of 50, smokers have a 50% lower risk of dying in the following
15 years than those who continue to smoke (lung, 2022).
Campaign overview
This campaign is focused on creating awareness about the danger of tobacco and smoking in
young people. The month long campaign will also try to create public awareness and anti-
smoking programs. This campaign will also include a statistical research on the young adults
about smoking tobacco and prevalence of it. The goal of the campaign is to create awareness
about the silent danger of the tobacco and safe the young minds of the country.
Key Facts about Tobacco Use among Children and
Teenagers
Children under the age of 18 attempt to smoke their first cigarette about 2,500 times per day,
and more than 400 of them will become habitual, daily smokers in the process. More than
half of them will succumb to their addiction and perish. People who begin smoking at a
young age are more prone than those who begin later in life to get addicted to nicotine. Most
adolescents who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime state that they would
like to quit, but are unable to do so. An estimated 5.6 million of today's youngsters under the
age of 18 will die prematurely from a smoking-related disease if current tobacco usage trends
prevail. With 100,000 individuals dying each year from smoking-related diseases, smoking is
still the leading preventable cause of sickness and death in the United Kingdom (Springer,
2022).
Young individuals who smoke cigarettes as children and adolescents face a wide range of
health issues, including a rise in respiratory infections, a decreased level of physical fitness,
and possible impacts on the growth and function of the lung. Children under the age of 18
attempt to smoke their first cigarette about 2,500 times per day, and more than 400 of them
will become habitual, daily smokers in the process. People who begin smoking at a young
age are more prone than those who begin later in life to get addicted to nicotine. Most
adolescents who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime state that they would
like to quit, but are unable to do so. Small amounts of smoking, such as one cigarette daily,
can have a negative impact on your health. Even though quitting smoking is difficult, many
people have succeeded in doing so. For men and women of all ages, quitting smoking
provides immediate and considerable health advantages. The sooner you give up, the more
you will reap. Before the age of 50, smokers have a 50% lower risk of dying in the following
15 years than those who continue to smoke (lung, 2022).
Campaign overview
This campaign is focused on creating awareness about the danger of tobacco and smoking in
young people. The month long campaign will also try to create public awareness and anti-
smoking programs. This campaign will also include a statistical research on the young adults
about smoking tobacco and prevalence of it. The goal of the campaign is to create awareness
about the silent danger of the tobacco and safe the young minds of the country.
Key Facts about Tobacco Use among Children and
Teenagers
Children under the age of 18 attempt to smoke their first cigarette about 2,500 times per day,
and more than 400 of them will become habitual, daily smokers in the process. More than
half of them will succumb to their addiction and perish. People who begin smoking at a
young age are more prone than those who begin later in life to get addicted to nicotine. Most
adolescents who have smoked at least 100 cigarettes in their lifetime state that they would
like to quit, but are unable to do so. An estimated 5.6 million of today's youngsters under the
age of 18 will die prematurely from a smoking-related disease if current tobacco usage trends
prevail. With 100,000 individuals dying each year from smoking-related diseases, smoking is
still the leading preventable cause of sickness and death in the United Kingdom (Springer,
2022).
Prevalence of Tobacco Use among Children and Teenagers
Tobacco use among high school students peaked in 1997, when 36.4 percent of students
reported smoking in the 30 days before to survey, when rates peaked after rising steadily for
much of the 1990s' first half. Smoking in the last 30 days was reported by 2.3% of middle
school pupils in 2015. Every day, the number of smokers in the United Kingdom is rising. In
the COVID-19 epidemic, public health awareness led to a decline in the number of persons
smoking. However, there has been a resurgence in the number of teens and young people
who smoke. When it comes to consuming two or more tobacco products in the last 30 days,
nearly half of middle and high school pupils reported doing so in 2015. An overall decline in
youth smoking rates has been seen in England, Scotland, and Wales, as well as in Northern
Ireland, from 11 to 16 years old. However, since 2014, the downward trend in youth smoking
rates has stalled for females in Wales and is now reversing in both countries, thanks in part to
anti-smoking campaigns and increased public awareness (RCPCH, 2022).
Diseases caused by smoking and prevention of smoking
Cardiovascular disease — Smoking increases a person's chance of having a heart attack by
doubling their risk of getting coronary heart disease. As a result, quitting smoking can have a
significant impact on this risk. Stopping smoking cuts one's risk of heart disease death in half
within the first year and continues to decrease over time.
Long-term lung illnesses such chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be caused by
smoking. Even while majority of the lung damage produced by smoking is irreversible,
stopping smoking can minimise additional lung damage and many smokers with a chronic
cough and sputum (phlegm coughed up from the lungs) find an improvement in these
symptoms in the first year after they stop.
Lung cancer is caused by tobacco use in nearly all cases (90 percent). Within five years of
quitting smoking, the risk of lung cancer is reduced, but former smokers still have a higher
risk of developing the disease than non-smokers, despite this. In addition to reducing the risk
of cancers of the head and neck, oesophagus, pancreas, and bladder, quitting smoking may
also reduce the risk of other cancers. Even if you have been diagnosed with one of these
diseases, quitting smoking can help you live longer and reduce your chances of developing a
second cancer.
Tobacco use among high school students peaked in 1997, when 36.4 percent of students
reported smoking in the 30 days before to survey, when rates peaked after rising steadily for
much of the 1990s' first half. Smoking in the last 30 days was reported by 2.3% of middle
school pupils in 2015. Every day, the number of smokers in the United Kingdom is rising. In
the COVID-19 epidemic, public health awareness led to a decline in the number of persons
smoking. However, there has been a resurgence in the number of teens and young people
who smoke. When it comes to consuming two or more tobacco products in the last 30 days,
nearly half of middle and high school pupils reported doing so in 2015. An overall decline in
youth smoking rates has been seen in England, Scotland, and Wales, as well as in Northern
Ireland, from 11 to 16 years old. However, since 2014, the downward trend in youth smoking
rates has stalled for females in Wales and is now reversing in both countries, thanks in part to
anti-smoking campaigns and increased public awareness (RCPCH, 2022).
Diseases caused by smoking and prevention of smoking
Cardiovascular disease — Smoking increases a person's chance of having a heart attack by
doubling their risk of getting coronary heart disease. As a result, quitting smoking can have a
significant impact on this risk. Stopping smoking cuts one's risk of heart disease death in half
within the first year and continues to decrease over time.
Long-term lung illnesses such chronic obstructive pulmonary disease can be caused by
smoking. Even while majority of the lung damage produced by smoking is irreversible,
stopping smoking can minimise additional lung damage and many smokers with a chronic
cough and sputum (phlegm coughed up from the lungs) find an improvement in these
symptoms in the first year after they stop.
Lung cancer is caused by tobacco use in nearly all cases (90 percent). Within five years of
quitting smoking, the risk of lung cancer is reduced, but former smokers still have a higher
risk of developing the disease than non-smokers, despite this. In addition to reducing the risk
of cancers of the head and neck, oesophagus, pancreas, and bladder, quitting smoking may
also reduce the risk of other cancers. Even if you have been diagnosed with one of these
diseases, quitting smoking can help you live longer and reduce your chances of developing a
second cancer.
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Smoking is also linked to a wide range of other health issues, including as type 2 diabetes,
sexual dysfunction (such as erectile dysfunction in men), oral health issues (such as gum
disease) and even certain infections. Quitting smoking can lower your risk of having any of
these health issues. For some (but not all) smokers, quitting might be difficult. People vary in
how they smoke, their quitting success, symptoms they experience, and relapse reasons.
Many people quit without drugs or other aids. Lower success rate (Marsh, 1994).
Preparation of quitting smoking
Set a quit date after you decide to quit smoking. You'll quit smoking today. This date should
be within two weeks, however some choose a special date (eg, a birthday, anniversary, or
holiday). On your quit date, many doctors advocate quitting immediately. Some folks choose
to gradually cut back before quitting. Discuss quitting smoking with our doctor. Changing
behaviour and taking medication are two ways to quit smoking. Using both enhances your
chances of quitting.
Nicotine withdrawal symptoms include cigarette cravings. Other withdrawal symptoms are
broader and often overlooked. Anxiety, trouble sleeping, impatience, concentration issues,
restlessness, frustration, and depression are examples. Stop-smoking medications decrease
and alleviate these effects. Over-the-counter nicotine patches, gum, or lozenges, or
prescription or bupropion. Exercise and a good diet can prevent weight gain. After stopping,
people may eat more. People gain two to five pounds in the first two weeks, then four to
seven pounds over four to five months. 8-10 pounds is the normal weight gain. While
irritating, remember that quitting smoking is considerably more beneficial than gaining
weight (Ershler, 1999).
BEHAVIORAL CHANGES TO HELP YOU QUIT
Identify events or behaviours that enhance your chance of smoking or relapse when quitting.
You may require new coping strategies after identifying these scenarios. This could include:
Start an exercise regimen or learn relaxation techniques to reduce stress and improve life
quality. Vigorous exercise can help smokers quit and avoid relapse and prevent weight gain.
Reduce time with smokers and in smoking areas. Residents can negotiate with smokers to
cease smoking at home or in the car. Relapse is often caused by cravings. Avoiding smoking,
sexual dysfunction (such as erectile dysfunction in men), oral health issues (such as gum
disease) and even certain infections. Quitting smoking can lower your risk of having any of
these health issues. For some (but not all) smokers, quitting might be difficult. People vary in
how they smoke, their quitting success, symptoms they experience, and relapse reasons.
Many people quit without drugs or other aids. Lower success rate (Marsh, 1994).
Preparation of quitting smoking
Set a quit date after you decide to quit smoking. You'll quit smoking today. This date should
be within two weeks, however some choose a special date (eg, a birthday, anniversary, or
holiday). On your quit date, many doctors advocate quitting immediately. Some folks choose
to gradually cut back before quitting. Discuss quitting smoking with our doctor. Changing
behaviour and taking medication are two ways to quit smoking. Using both enhances your
chances of quitting.
Nicotine withdrawal symptoms include cigarette cravings. Other withdrawal symptoms are
broader and often overlooked. Anxiety, trouble sleeping, impatience, concentration issues,
restlessness, frustration, and depression are examples. Stop-smoking medications decrease
and alleviate these effects. Over-the-counter nicotine patches, gum, or lozenges, or
prescription or bupropion. Exercise and a good diet can prevent weight gain. After stopping,
people may eat more. People gain two to five pounds in the first two weeks, then four to
seven pounds over four to five months. 8-10 pounds is the normal weight gain. While
irritating, remember that quitting smoking is considerably more beneficial than gaining
weight (Ershler, 1999).
BEHAVIORAL CHANGES TO HELP YOU QUIT
Identify events or behaviours that enhance your chance of smoking or relapse when quitting.
You may require new coping strategies after identifying these scenarios. This could include:
Start an exercise regimen or learn relaxation techniques to reduce stress and improve life
quality. Vigorous exercise can help smokers quit and avoid relapse and prevent weight gain.
Reduce time with smokers and in smoking areas. Residents can negotiate with smokers to
cease smoking at home or in the car. Relapse is often caused by cravings. Avoiding smoking,
stress, and alcohol can help reduce cravings. Lessening cravings. Keep sugarless gum,
carrots, sunflower seeds, etc. ready for cravings.
Persuasive campaign
Health message design needs variation. Besides the government's current health ads, which
emphasise fear and grief due to smoking consequences, other social influence theories can be
employed to generate engaging messaging. Health messages that challenge societal norms are
beneficial in changing behaviour and increasing confidence to quit smoking, according to
study. Cancer, anti-smoking, and HIV/AIDS programmes use “Fishbein and Ajzen's”
reasoned action theory (1975). This hypothesis believes a healthy person will practise
preventive health care. A person's purpose is affected by their attitude toward preventative
health care behaviours and how others interpret them. Targeting someone's views and social
standards can affect their behaviour, according to this approach. In this campaign we will use
various strategy to implement our anti-smoking strategies on our target audience the youth
generation. We will also hold parental awareness programme about smoking and its side
effects (Conversation, 2022).
Audience
Reescalation programmes target those who are "prone" to cigarette use, those who have
"experimented," and those who have advanced beyond first trials but smoke infrequently or at
low levels. Considering all tobacco and nicotine products, 35% of young adults may fall
under this bracket. Especially the college students and high school student are main target
audience for our campaign.
Psychological, physiological and social theories
Psychological theories
Long-term mental health patients had greater smoking rates and nicotine dependence than the
general population. Studies in the U.K. and U.S. reveal that people with significant mental
health problems are more likely to die young from smoking-related illnesses such as
cardiovascular disease and cancer. Individual differences can encourage teen smoking.
Smoking initiation is linked to low self-esteem. Predictors of adolescent smoking can be
divided into four domains: socio-demographic background (age, sex, academic performance,
ethnicity, two-parent household), social influences to smoke (friends' smoking, peer smoking
norms, adult smoking norms, siblings' smoking, mother's smoking, father's smoking), social
carrots, sunflower seeds, etc. ready for cravings.
Persuasive campaign
Health message design needs variation. Besides the government's current health ads, which
emphasise fear and grief due to smoking consequences, other social influence theories can be
employed to generate engaging messaging. Health messages that challenge societal norms are
beneficial in changing behaviour and increasing confidence to quit smoking, according to
study. Cancer, anti-smoking, and HIV/AIDS programmes use “Fishbein and Ajzen's”
reasoned action theory (1975). This hypothesis believes a healthy person will practise
preventive health care. A person's purpose is affected by their attitude toward preventative
health care behaviours and how others interpret them. Targeting someone's views and social
standards can affect their behaviour, according to this approach. In this campaign we will use
various strategy to implement our anti-smoking strategies on our target audience the youth
generation. We will also hold parental awareness programme about smoking and its side
effects (Conversation, 2022).
Audience
Reescalation programmes target those who are "prone" to cigarette use, those who have
"experimented," and those who have advanced beyond first trials but smoke infrequently or at
low levels. Considering all tobacco and nicotine products, 35% of young adults may fall
under this bracket. Especially the college students and high school student are main target
audience for our campaign.
Psychological, physiological and social theories
Psychological theories
Long-term mental health patients had greater smoking rates and nicotine dependence than the
general population. Studies in the U.K. and U.S. reveal that people with significant mental
health problems are more likely to die young from smoking-related illnesses such as
cardiovascular disease and cancer. Individual differences can encourage teen smoking.
Smoking initiation is linked to low self-esteem. Predictors of adolescent smoking can be
divided into four domains: socio-demographic background (age, sex, academic performance,
ethnicity, two-parent household), social influences to smoke (friends' smoking, peer smoking
norms, adult smoking norms, siblings' smoking, mother's smoking, father's smoking), social
and personal competence (decision-making skills, assertiveness, efficacy), and individual
differences (self-esteem, smoking attitudes, psychological well-being) (Baker, 2015).
Physiological theories
Nicotine helps many smokers control mood. Nicotine quickly produces desired psychotropic
effects. In physical dependency, withdrawal symptoms cause continued nicotine use.
Psychological and physiological dependence may differ among smokers, which affects
quitting motivation. 6000 randomly selected Austrians were interviewed using the
“Fagerström” Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Men smoked 42% and women 27%.
Three categories of smokers vary in dependence: 36.5% are nicotine addicts, 30.2% are
psychosocially dependent because they show no nicotine dependence, and the rest are hard to
classify (Brath, 2016).
Social theories
Social cognitive theory, an extension of social learning theory, says people learn from each
other through observation, instruction, or modelling. It expands on behaviourism by
describing behaviour as the result of cognitive, behavioural, and environmental interactions.
A social contextual approach on juvenile cigarette smoking assumes social settings influence
smoking. Such a perspective suggests that factors from one social context are better
understood by examining other settings. Teenagers are nested in families, friendships,
neighbourhoods, schools, communities, states, and countries. Youth's social surroundings
suggest redundant, amplifying, opposing, and distinctive social forces on youth smoking. The
proportion of smokers in a population at a given period depends on smoking initiation and
cessation rates, both of which are socially structured.
Conclusion
Understanding and avoiding or reversing cigarette smoking's escalation and entrenchment in
young adulthood is crucial to minimising smoking's long-term health toll. Considering the
complexities of young adult tobacco use, especially commencement after age 18, current
tobacco control measures may miss the goal. Young adulthood presents discontinuities or
turning points in personal trajectories, including smoking and other nicotine or tobacco
product use.
differences (self-esteem, smoking attitudes, psychological well-being) (Baker, 2015).
Physiological theories
Nicotine helps many smokers control mood. Nicotine quickly produces desired psychotropic
effects. In physical dependency, withdrawal symptoms cause continued nicotine use.
Psychological and physiological dependence may differ among smokers, which affects
quitting motivation. 6000 randomly selected Austrians were interviewed using the
“Fagerström” Test for Nicotine Dependence (FTND). Men smoked 42% and women 27%.
Three categories of smokers vary in dependence: 36.5% are nicotine addicts, 30.2% are
psychosocially dependent because they show no nicotine dependence, and the rest are hard to
classify (Brath, 2016).
Social theories
Social cognitive theory, an extension of social learning theory, says people learn from each
other through observation, instruction, or modelling. It expands on behaviourism by
describing behaviour as the result of cognitive, behavioural, and environmental interactions.
A social contextual approach on juvenile cigarette smoking assumes social settings influence
smoking. Such a perspective suggests that factors from one social context are better
understood by examining other settings. Teenagers are nested in families, friendships,
neighbourhoods, schools, communities, states, and countries. Youth's social surroundings
suggest redundant, amplifying, opposing, and distinctive social forces on youth smoking. The
proportion of smokers in a population at a given period depends on smoking initiation and
cessation rates, both of which are socially structured.
Conclusion
Understanding and avoiding or reversing cigarette smoking's escalation and entrenchment in
young adulthood is crucial to minimising smoking's long-term health toll. Considering the
complexities of young adult tobacco use, especially commencement after age 18, current
tobacco control measures may miss the goal. Young adulthood presents discontinuities or
turning points in personal trajectories, including smoking and other nicotine or tobacco
product use.
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References
Baker, 2015. Randomized controlled trial of a healthy lifestyle intervention among smokers
with psychotic.
Brath, 2016. Prevalence and Correlates of Smoking and Readiness to Quit Smoking in People
Living with HIV in Austria and Germany..
Conversation, T., 2022. The Conversation. [Online]
Available at: https://theconversation.com/how-to-make-anti-smoking-campaigns-more-
persuasive-116819
[Accessed 1 6 2022].
Ershler, J., 1999. The quitting experience from teenagers. s.l.:s.n.
lung, 2022. lung.com. [Online]
Available at: https://www.lung.org/quit-smoking/smoking-facts/tobacco-use-among-children
[Accessed 1 7 2022].
Marsh, A., 1994. Poor Smokers. s.l.:s.n.
RCPCH, 2022. RCPCH. [Online]
Available at: https://stateofchildhealth.rcpch.ac.uk/evidence/health-behaviours/smoking-
young-people/
[Accessed 1 7 2022].
Springer, 2022. Springer. [Online]
Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11121-018-0880-y
[Accessed 1 7 2022].
Baker, 2015. Randomized controlled trial of a healthy lifestyle intervention among smokers
with psychotic.
Brath, 2016. Prevalence and Correlates of Smoking and Readiness to Quit Smoking in People
Living with HIV in Austria and Germany..
Conversation, T., 2022. The Conversation. [Online]
Available at: https://theconversation.com/how-to-make-anti-smoking-campaigns-more-
persuasive-116819
[Accessed 1 6 2022].
Ershler, J., 1999. The quitting experience from teenagers. s.l.:s.n.
lung, 2022. lung.com. [Online]
Available at: https://www.lung.org/quit-smoking/smoking-facts/tobacco-use-among-children
[Accessed 1 7 2022].
Marsh, A., 1994. Poor Smokers. s.l.:s.n.
RCPCH, 2022. RCPCH. [Online]
Available at: https://stateofchildhealth.rcpch.ac.uk/evidence/health-behaviours/smoking-
young-people/
[Accessed 1 7 2022].
Springer, 2022. Springer. [Online]
Available at: https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11121-018-0880-y
[Accessed 1 7 2022].
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