Social Determinants of Health

This assignment delves into the concept of social determinants of health, examining how factors beyond medical care influence well-being. Students will analyze various sources, including books, journals, and online materials, to understand the role of social services, public health, and healthcare spending in shaping health disparities. The assignment also encourages critical thinking about ethical issues within healthcare, considering principles like need and social justice.

Principles

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................1
Q1) Application of principles of support in health and social care........................................1
Q2) Benefits of using a person centred approach...................................................................2
Q3) Impact of social processes on users of health and social care services...........................2
M3 Significance of follow a person centred approach...........................................................3
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................3
Q4) Procedures for protecting patients and clients from harm...............................................3
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................4
Q5) Ethical dilemmas that rise when providing care to service users....................................4
Q6) Effectiveness of interpersonal working in health and social care...................................4
D1 Ethical dilemmas and conflicts that rise during providing care to service users.............5
D3 Woking in partnership in safeguarding service users.......................................................5
TASK 4............................................................................................................................................5
Q6 Implementation of policies, regulations and legislations.................................................5
Q7) Development of local policies and process with requirement of national policy...........6
Q8) Theories of health and social care practice.....................................................................6
M1 Approach to study and research that is significant in health and social care workplace. 7
M2 Various psychological theories to govern health and social care practitioners working in
health care...............................................................................................................................7
TASK 5............................................................................................................................................7
Q9) Roles, responsibilities and accountabilities working within and outside health and social
care workplace........................................................................................................................7
Q10) Recommendations to develop contributions.................................................................8
D2 Implementation of health and social care organisational policy......................................9
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................9
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................10

INTRODUCTION
In recent years, health and social care sector has emerged as a largest sector of world.
Number of improvements has introduced in this sector which support health care homes in
contribute more in healthy living of individuals (Cotlear and et. al., 2015). It is very essential for
health and social care homes to first carry out research in order to better understand about the
requirements of patients, in this way they can contribute more in their well being. Various
principles related with health and social care sector is all detailed in this report. Further, process
of protect clients, patients and colleagues in social care homes is also given in this.
TASK 1
Q1) Application of principles of support in health and social care
Various health and social care homes promote the basic human rights of individuals.
Today, demand of health care services has increased which make it very important for health
care homes to consider various factors while offer services to patients. Principles of support play
a important role in social care homes as this enhance effectiveness of services provided by care
homes to its patients. Basically, principles are known as simple rules. Following are some
principles of health and social care homes that should be kept in mind by care homes when
offering services to its customers: Encourage health: Look after the health of patients is known as one of the prime
purpose of service providers and health care homes (Simeon, 2015). Proactive approach
can be use by care home to serve Denis. It is also very important for health and social
care homes to take every initiative to promote health of individuals. Motivate to take risk: To contribute more in healthy living of patients services providers
should encourage them to take part in activities involve some kind of risk (Green and
Thorogood, 2018). Respect for individuality and privacy: Principles of support in health and social care
homes highlights that service provider remain liable to ensure privacy of an individual
should be respected every time. Adopt person approach: It is very significant for health and social care homes to consider
every factor that impact on health of an individual. This help health care homes in offer
better services to its clients.
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 Encourage control and choice: This is very necessary for social care homes to create
and maintain a relationship between service providers and services users. Patients should
be encouraged to participate in manage their own health as this contribute more in
healthy living of patient.
 Providing care: This is one of major principles which indicate that all patients should
offer great care, affection and love.
Q2) Benefits of using a person centred approach
Person centred approach was given by Carl Rogers and the main aim of this approach is
to defend basic and personal right of people and decide all actions in a way that help health and
social care home to better satisfy the needs of its customers. One of the major benefit of adopt a
person centred approach is that it support care homes in fulfil the requirements of its patients and
at the same time enhance effectiveness of various social care practices. Implementation of person
centred approach to serve Denis allow care homes put his requirements, need and preferences at
the top. Further, this provide and opportunity to health and social care home to serve individual
with respect at the same time it help firm in get positive outcomes. Overall a person centred
approach provide an opportunity to health and social care homes to serve their customers in an
effective manner or contribute ore in their well being. In addition to this, person centred
approach provide various benefits to health and social care homes which can be better
understood by the following points:
 Use of a person centred approach, help in create and maintain a positive environment at
workplace mainly for old aged individuals as for Denis. Further, it make all the things
easy to control and manageable for management. This support individuals in change their
life towards a positive direction.
 Person centred approach help in keep the individuals happy and self motivated.
 This provide an opportunity to care homes to create and maintain better relations with
customers due to this patients feels a sense of association.
Q3) Impact of social processes on users of health and social care services
An individual is a social animal and he interact with different groups and individual to
maintain their living standard and quality of life. Various social and health care homes conduct
different social programmes so patients can interact with each other and can share their activities
and idea (Bradley and et. al., 2016). Process implement by social care homes contribute in fast
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recovery of patients suffering from various diseases such as depression and many more. All
social processes impact on life styles, mental state, habits and hygiene of an individual. All
activities related with health largely affect the health of an individual (Sallnow and et. al., 2016).
One of the major reason behind this is that human being like social activities as these help in
refresh one's mind. Further, these processes affect the services professionals in positive and
negative way this is given under following points:
 When individual in health and social care homes start spending more time with each
other then all this help them in create and share a strong bond.
 Patients in health and social care homes identify those people whom they find compatible
and spend maximum time with them to cherish their friendship.
 Various individuals work under health and social care homes perform their own specific
oles and responsibilities dependency of individual on each other encourage ground of
conflicts.
M3 Significance of follow a person centred approach
Person centred approach is the one in which health care homes keep the requirement and
needs of patients in centre. One of the main benefit of this is that it provide an opportunity to
health care homes to fulfil the requirements of its patients in an effective manner.
TASK 2
Q4) Procedures for protecting patients and clients from harm
Service provider or professionals of health and social care services remain responsible for
ensure health and safety of residents of social care homes. Process which should be follow by
health and social care providers to prevent individuals form any undesirable condition can be
understood by the following points: Support requirements and needs of health care: Support the basic requirement of
patients is come under the responsibility of service professionals. Patients of old age
suffering from various health related issues such as such as diabetes. So service
professionals remain liable to check that al residents are taking medicines at right time or
not. Further, ensure that patients are taking a balanced diet is also come under their
responsibility (Liebler and McConnell, 2016).
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 Support personal appearance and care: Every individual in social care homes require
personal grooming and care for stay healthy especially individual of old age. Maintain
hygiene and cleanliness at workplace is also important in health care homes.
 Supporting emotional well being of patients: Residents in health and social care homes
suffered from various health issues as mental stress, depression and many more
(Almgren, 2017) . One of the main reason behind this is that they faced negligence form
their children and relatives.
This process must be follow by care homes in order to save the patients and prevent them
from any undesirable situation. Being a manager of health and social care home, it is
responsibility of manager to give a warning to Mr Arthur that same should not take place again.
Further, it is responsibility of Mr Arthur to ensure that all patients are getting treatment as per the
set standards and process follow by health care homes.
TASK 3
Q5) Ethical dilemmas that rise when providing care to service users
Mainly, ethical dilemmas is a condition in which a person has to make a decision
between two or more solutions. In health and social care industry, service providers face number
of ethical dilemmas while offering services to patients. Main aim of service professionals
remain to take care of various problems and issues faced by residents and during this they face
number of ethical challenges and dilemmas. For example, in case Mrs Helen who suffered from
a critical condition as she just following a single vehicle care accident. Situations demand to
transfer blood in her body for surgery. But she refused to accept the blood and at the same time
rejected the surgery due to her religious belief as being a Jehovah Witness. All this is very
challenging for health and social care homes because, treat all individuals in best possible
manner is stated by the principles of health care and at the same time treat all individual with
respect and dignity is another principle of health and social care homes. In these kind of
situation, health and social care homes should go with and follow the guidelines given by NHS
for various health and social care homes (Knott and Scragg, 2016). Guidelines ensure continuous
improvements and support health care homes in offer better services to its clients.
Q6) Effectiveness of interpersonal working in health and social care
When group of individual who belongs to different skills, discipline and knowledge work
in same working condition is known as inter personal working. In this situation, every individual
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communicate with each other, share their knowledge (Keleher and MacDougall, 2015). This is
known as one of the best strategy and support health care homes in achieve positive outcomes.
Individual belongs from different difficulties work in health care homes. Due to this, it is
advisable to care homes of offer effective and better services to all patients as per their unique
needs and requirements. This help in offer satisfaction satisfaction to all residents of care home
which help in create and maintain positive image of care home in market. When group of service
providers discuss the actual situations of patients then it support health and social care homes in
set goals and formulate policies to contribute more in healthy living of service users. All this
increase satisfaction of services users and contribute more in their recovery. In addition to this, it
help in define the roles and responsibilities, of midwife, nurses and other health care providers
and all this ensure delivery of effective services to patients. Further, this provide support to firm
during implementation of various policies related with health and social care homes. By consider
all these factors health and social care homes can offer better services to its patients.
D1 Ethical dilemmas and conflicts that rise during providing care to service users
Service providers and professional in health and social care homes face various ethical
dilemmas and challenge while offer services to patients (Dittmer, 2017). This kind of situation
arise because in one side principle of health care said that proper and best care should be given to
all patients and at the same time every individual should be serve be respect and dignity.
D3 Woking in partnership in safeguarding service users
Working in partnership in health and social care service increase effectiveness of services
offer by care homes to its patients. All this help care homes in better satisfy the needs of its
customers.
TASK 4
Q6 Implementation of policies, regulations and legislations
NHS is the one which formulate and issue various policies, code of practices and
legislations that followed by health and social care homes to offer services to its customers.
Further, NHS also examine all these policies and practices on continuous basis to ensure that
these are as per the changing climate and are suitable as per the background of individuals.
Health and social care act 2012 is known as one of the most significant legislation. Main feature
of this act is that its provide guidelines for managers and service providers working in health and
social care homes (Sallnow and Paul, 2015). This act consists various standards that define the
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basic rights of an individual in health and social care homes and at the same time encourage use
of person centred approach. All these play a significant role in health and social care homes as
this increase the effectiveness of care homes and at the same time help in fulfil the requirements
of its patients. Other major policies that are significant for health care homes are Quality
protects, Every child matter, Rights to action and The care standards act, 2000.
Q7) Development of local policies and process with requirement of national policy
Different policies, regulations and codes of practices are there which affect the
organisational policy follow by health and social care homes. All this happen because all this
bring an improvement in health care home and at the same time protect both service users and
providers. Further, this provide direction to all service professionals. One of the main objective
of add regulation, policies, regulation is to make sure that all the standards and process use by
care homes to serve its patients are up to date, effective and at the same time are ethical and safe
to the users of care homes. Further impact of regulation and legislations on organisational
policies can be understood by the points given below:
 This support health care homes ton maintain an optimum level of nutrition and health at
workplace.
 Help in maintain hygiene facilities.
 Various policies help in care homes that all adults are live a healthy life with same
dignity and respect.
Q8) Theories of health and social care practice
Different theories that support work of an individual in health and social care is given
under the following points:
 Maslow's hierarchy theory: Maslow given the statement that individual are motivated to
achieve specific needs. In this needs are divided into five categories. Once a level is
fulfilled the next level motivate the individual (Preda and Voigt, 2015). Needs of
Maslow is mentioned in the following point:
Biological needs: This aspect cover the most basic needs of an individual such as air,
food, shelter, drink and sleep.
Safety needs: Needs such as security, stability, freedom is all come under this.
Belongingness needs: This consists various needs of an individual such as trust,
friendship, acceptance, receiving and affection (Uplekar and et. al., 2015).
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Esteem needs: Desire of an individual for reputation from others is cover under this.
Self actualisation needs: Factors such as self fulfilment, realizing own potential and seek
opportunities for personal growth is all come under this.
M1 Approach to study and research that is significant in health and social care workplace
Various policies, regulations and codes of practices largely affect the activities and
decision of health and social homes. Various tools and methods are there which can be use by
manager to study the change in these policies to change methods and process use by firm.
M2 Various psychological theories to govern health and social care practitioners working in
health care
Number of are there related with psychological aspects such as Grand Mini, Emergent,
Developmental, Cognitive, Humanistic and many more.
TASK 5
Q9) Roles, responsibilities and accountabilities working within and outside health and social care
workplace
Name:
Job Title Manager
Health and social care sector
My roles and responsibilities
at work
My performance objectives
(strengths and weakness of my
contribution at work)
Areas of recommendation of
my work to ensure good
practice.
My roles and responsibilities
at work:
Being a manager at health and
social care it is my
responsibility to allocate
equipments and resources to
every individual so they can
perform their duties in an
effective manner and at the
same time can offer better
services to residents of home
For improve effectiveness of
various operations and
function perform at workplace
and being a manager I required
to formulate a written plan as
this will guide me in take
better decision and action at
workplace.
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My accountability at work:
My duties at work:
care.
At workplace, I am
accountable to monitor and
evaluate that all employees are
perform their duties or not and
if not then conduct training
and development programmes
for them is also my
responsibility.
Maintain healthy and
cleanliness at workplace is one
of my duty. It is my duty to
ensure that all patients ate
getting a balanced diet.
Q10) Recommendations to develop contributions
Recommendations can be made to develop own contribution and implementation of
organisational policies to make the facilities and operations of care home more effective.
 All functions and operations carry out by health care services require to be monitor on
timely basis as this help in avoid any accident at workplace.
 Different committees for examine the functioning of health care homes should be
establish.
 For maintain cleanliness and hygiene at workplace protocols required to be developed.
 Training and development programmes should be conduct by firm for improve skills
and knowledge of employees.
 Job rotation should take place on continuous basis so all staff members can perform
different roles at workplace (Juth, 2015).
 All efforts should be done by firm to create and maintain healthy environment at
workplace as this help in offer better and effective services to clients.
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D2 Implementation of health and social care organisational policy
Organisational policy adopt by health and social care enterprises play a big role in its
success. It is very important for manager for to consider various factors that affect the behaviour
and attitudes of individuals.
CONCLUSION
From the above information it can be concluded that all efforts should be doe by health
and social care homes to improve the quality of services offer to patients. This support them in
contribute more in well being or healthy living of individuals. Further, person centred approach
should be adopt by health and social care homes as this support them in fulfil the requirement of
its customers in an better way. This support in create and maintain a positive environment at
workplace and at the same time help in maintain positive image of health care homes. There is a
step by step process that should be followed by health and social care homes to protect clients
and patients.
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REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Almgren, G., 2017. Health care politics, policy, and services: a social justice analysis. Springer
publishing company.
Bradley, E.H. and et. al., 2016. Variation in health outcomes: the role of spending on social
services, public health, and health care, 2000–09. Health Affairs. 35(5). pp.760-768.
Cotlear, D. and et. al., 2015. Overcoming social segregation in health care in Latin America. The
Lancet. 385(9974). pp.1248-1259.
Dittmer, J., 2017. The good doctors: the medical committee for human rights and the struggle for
social justice in health care. Univ. Press of Mississippi.
Green, J. and Thorogood, N., 2018. Qualitative methods for health research. Sage.
Juth, N., 2015. Challenges for principles of need in health care. Health Care Analysis. 23(1).
pp.73-87.
Keleher, H. and MacDougall, C., 2015. Understanding health (No. Ed. 4). Oxford University
Press.
Knott, C. and Scragg, T. eds., 2016. Reflective practice in social work. Learning Matters.
Liebler, G. and McConnell, C.R., 2016. Management principles for health professionals. Jones &
Bartlett Publishers.
Nelson, R. and Staggers, N., 2016. Health Informatics-E-Book: An Interprofessional Approach.
Elsevier Health Sciences.
Preda, A. and Voigt, K., 2015. The social determinants of health: Why should we care?. The
American Journal of Bioethics. 15(3). pp.25-36.
Sallnow, L. and et. al., 2016. The impact of a new public health approach to end-of-life care: A
systematic review. Palliative medicine. 30(3). pp.200-211.
Sallnow, L. and Paul, S., 2015. Understanding community engagement in end-of-life care:
developing conceptual clarity. Critical Public Health. 25(2). pp.231-238.
Simeon, R., 2015. Policy Divergence and Social Citizenship. The State of the Nations 2003: The
Third Year of Devolution in the United Kingdom. 3.
Uplekar, M. and et. al., 2015. WHO's new End TB Strategy. The Lancet. 385(9979). pp.1799-
1801.
Online
Ethical Issues in Healthcare. 2018. [Online] Available
through<https://www.amnhealthcare.com/latest-healthcare-news/five-top-ethical-issues-
healthcare/>./
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