Workplace Behaviour Influences & Management

This assignment examines the various influences that shape individual behavior within the workplace. It delves into internal and external factors impacting employee actions, attitudes, and performance. Furthermore, it explores effective management strategies designed to cultivate a positive and productive work environment by understanding and addressing these behavioral influences.

Managing people in
organization

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
TASK...............................................................................................................................................1
1 Process of recruitment and selection followed by Harrods with purpose of job
advertisement, descriptions and person specifications................................................................1
2 Different motivational theory in context of Harrods................................................................6
3 Elements that affect behaviour of an individual and the factors that enable effective
cooperation..................................................................................................................................9
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................14
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................15

INTRODUCTION
Employees are the most important assets for every business organization because they
contribute a lot in its overall success at market place. In this, manager plays a vital role in
managing as well as controlling their activities which lead in attaining positive outcomes in an
appropriate manner. Along with this, their management is one of the important duties of manager
in order to enhance their productivity level by providing them better direction at workplace
(Alexander, 2013). Basically, manager is responsible for leading, encouraging and motivating
workers at workplace which may lead to determine their actual performance in the most effective
manner. Furthermore, management of people in organisation is one of the important activities
which include recruitment, selection and direction to workers. By this, they enhance their overall
performance level and attain positive outcomes in an appropriate time frame. For attaining
appropriate results, it is important for manager to hire right people for correct job at correct time.
Along with this, it is also necessary for manager to provide them better training and
development programs so that they will effectively perform their duties for attaining desirable
goals and target. In this context, HR manager plays a vital role in bringing better coordination in
all business activities which help in improving the overall performance of company. This will
help firm in attaining appropriate success in the most effective manner. Along with this, manager
also formulates various policies and strategies for managing all workers which lead to enhance
their productivity level that directly contributes in overall success of company in market place.
Current report is based on Harrods which is a luxury store in the UK. They want to improve their
performance level by increasing number of employees in their business. In this report, effective
process of recruitment and selection process will be highlighted followed by company to hire
capable candidates. Along with this, various factors will be discussed in this report that impact
on worker’s behaviour at the time of performing their duties.
TASK
1 Process of recruitment and selection followed by Harrods with purpose of job advertisement,
descriptions and person specifications
Recruitment process is one of the important activities for every business organization to include
capable as well as right candidates at workplace (Anheier, 2014). With the help of this, manager
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of the company easily invite number candidates towards the particular job. With the help of this,
manager easily fills vacant positions at workplace. In this context, selection is an effective
process in which manager of company takes final decision to select right candidates in which
they are responsible for performing their specific duties in the most effective manner. Along with
this, recruitment and selection; both are important methods for business organization which
directly contribute in the overall success of company. With the help of this, company can easily
perform their duties and activities in a favourable manner.
Furthermore, workers are important assets for company in which they perform their roles
and responsibilities in order to attaining set goals and objectives in appropriate way. Without
human resources, company cannot be able to deal as well as execute their project in an effective
way and so, it is consider as an important aspect by which company easily improve their
performance level (Armstrong and Taylor, 2014). So that recruitment and selection are important
process for firm to hire capable candidates. Along with this, it is necessary for the manager to
analyse all activities before conducting recruitment process which helps in attaining favourable
results in a particular period of time. In context of Harrods, they also use effective recruitment
process to recruit skilled candidates for filling the vacant positions within organisation. In this,
various types of tools and methods are used by company to hire capable candidates for filling
vacant positions which are as follows: Internal method of recruitment: It is an effective method of recruitment in which
manager assesses skills of employees who are already working in business organization.
If workers are able to take high job place than recruiter promote them for higher place.
Along with this, by using this methods recruiter examine skills and knowledge of workers
before taking decision towards the selecting best one. With the help of this, they motivate
as well as encourage workers to perform well. External method of recruitment: It is also an effective method which helps the manager
to recruit able as well as skilled workers to fill vacant positions. In this, recruiter uses job
advertisement for inviting interested candidates to apply for the specific job position.
After that, manager takes their interview for analysing their skills towards the job. By this
method, manager also provides them induction and training to select the best one. Main
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advantage of this method is to include innovation but at the same time, it is time
consuming and costly.
 Third party recruitment: In this, business organization provides the job as per their
needs. In this, they gather various information from agencies to hire skilled and capable
candidates to perform their job roles and responsibilities. With the help of this, manager
easily fills their vacant job positions which lead in attaining set results in an appropriate
time frame.
All these are important approaches which help company to hire the capable candidates
for specific job profile. By using this, Harrods easily fill vacant position within organization in
an effective manner. Along with this, it is important for the business organization to evaluate
major factors that put their impact on the process of recruitment which help in saving cost and
time of company. In addition of this, recruitment and selection consider various stages which
help business organization to select right people for right job. In this the first step define
effective aspect in which manager evaluate the skills and knowledge which are important to
execute job activities. This will helps in making entire selection process easy. After that manager
take interview through telephone in order to assess their skills. By this candidates get select for
group discussion. Along with this, by the last step of selection manager select skilled and capable
people for specific job position. Thus, all these are help in selecting the best one in most
effective manner.
Apart from this, there are some important factors of recruitment and selection process
such as Job description, person specification and job advertisement. All these are used by
Harrods to make recruitment process is more effective and enhance their overall performance
level. All are as follows:
Job description: It is one of the important document which used by company to
determine entire information about job responsibilities, and duties in written form. Basically its
is used for determining major as well as important feature of required job (Bolden, 2016). With
the help of this, company evaluate the important roles and responsibilities for particular position.
Along with this, it also help Harrods in recruiting right candidates for correct job position in
most effective manner. In this context, job description of marketing manager are as follows:
Marketing manager
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Job description: A people is required for attaining positive brand image of the company at
market place. In this individual required appropriate communication skills by which he/she
easily formulate an effective marketing strategies. Along with this, individual also have peoper
knowledge towards the communication channels and how it is used for promoting specific
products and services to influence the customers to consume it effectively.
Requirements:
 Degree in marketing field form registered university.
 Effective communication skills.
 Proper knowledge in promotional activities.
 Good in influencing customers at market place.
Skills required:
 Individuals capable in developing and implementing effective promotional activities for
promoting specific products and services in effective manner.
 Having at least 2 years experience in another company as a marketing manager.
 Should have appropriate knowledge of marketing tools and techniques to influence
customers.
Job advertisement: It is an effective document, consider as a electronic form which
include entire information of required skills and knowledge for a particular job position. By
using this, Harrods inform people towards the vacant job position. With the help of this firm
easily attract large number of candidates towards the company and its job position (Bolman and
Deal, 2017). It leads in improving the process of recruitment is more effective. In this context,
job advertisement for a marketing manager within Harrods are as follows:
JOB ADVERTISMENT FOR MARKETING MANAGER
Division: Marketing
Type of job: Full time
Area:
Harrods required for a capable marketing manager who have creative in idea formulation and
also able to formulating effective marketing strategies. Individual should able to managing
brand image at market place and also conduct marketing research for evaluating the customers
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taste and preferences. Along with this, it is also important that candidate able to managing as
well as conducting marketing event in effective manner. Furthermore, it is also important for
people to effectively manage whole marketing budget and at the same time also having positive
mind set for influencing customers towards the company products and services.
HR director
Person specification: It is also an effective document which define major information of
individual. In this, the main advantage of this is that it consider skills, knowledge, abilities,
qualification of the person who are able to perform job duties in effective manner (Bush and
Middlewood, 2013). With the help of this, manager easily determine major skill of the person
which required by the company. In this context, person specification of marketing manager of
company are as follows:
PERSON SPECIFICATION
EXPERIENCE NECESSITATE DEMANDING
Having experience as a
marketing manager
3-6 years At-least 3 years
Cognition Essential Demanding
Having better knowledge in
sales and marketing field.
Diploma in marketing section A Grade
Qualification required Necessary Demanding
Masters in marketing field
Graduation in marketing.
Experience in marketing field. A Grade
Personal attributes Necessary Demanding
Effective personality, effective
communication skills, Having
knowledge towards the
marketing tools.
Having ability to developing
better marketing strategies.
English and German.
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2 Different motivational theory in context of Harrods
Motivation is being given to employees in order to enhance their efficiency at workplace.
This can be given in many ways to them. By monitory or emotionally are two ways that mainly
used by employers to motivate workers to attain better goals an objectives (Daley, 2012). Along
with this, it also helps in enhancing employees skills and knowledge towards the job and its
activities. It help in supporting workers to attain their target in appropriate time frame. In
context of Harrods, they operate their business in various areas in which they serve fashionable
products and services their customers in order to attain their higher satisfaction level. Along with
this, they also use new and innovative ways to improve their positive brand image at market
place. It also helps in accepting challenges in effective manner, by which firm attain competitive
advantages. On the other hand, manager also conduct effective training and development
programs t their workers in order to enhance their performance level at workplace.
Apart from this, manager also provide better rewards and other motivation factors to their
workers to improve their performance level at workplace (People management, 2018). In context
of this, Harrods provide extra benefits to its workers which may leads in encouraging as well as
retaining them for long time period. This will aid in improving their productivity level at
workplace and also boost up their talent in which they easily take challenges in appropriate
manner. Along with this, various changes as well as modifications define in environment which
leads in coordinating among all the business function in effective way. In this manager of the
company also provide better direction to its workers in order to motivate them and also enhance
their morale towards their responsibilities. In this context, Harrods use various theories to
enhance workers performance level at workplace are as follows:
In this, Abraham Maslow define hierarchical theory which evaluate the person needs at
various level. This theory consider as a motivation factors which helps in providing better
motivation to workers in order to enhance their productivity level in most effective manner. With
the help of this workers easily attain effective results by attaining the needs (Dalkir, 2013).
Basically, it define various stages which may helps in determining all needs level for achieving
desirable goals and objectives. All these are as follows: Physiological needs: This is one of the important needs which consider as a basic needs
needs of person. Without this no body can survive, so that it is important needs of
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motivation. By fulfilling this, individual get motivated and perform their task effectively
(Daniels, Tapscott and Caston, 2011). Basically, it is an important needs which helps in
motivating people towards the work and their activities. In context of Harrods, it is
important duty of manager to provide basic needs to their workers so that they easily
attain their set goals and objectives in appropriate manner. Safety needs: This level if also important for every person to fulfil their needs by this
they get better motivation in effective manner. In this, it includes job security, stability in
their professional life and son on. With the help of this, individual effectively perform
their duties without any stress. In context of Harrods also provide better security to their
workers towards their job and professional life which helps in improving their
motivational level at workplace, by this they effectively perform their duties and attain
positive outcomes (Goleman, 2017). This level of motivational theory will aid in
increasing satisfaction level of the workers which aid in providing better motivation
towards the job and its activities. Social belonging: This step includes feeling, relation, love and many more which is
important for every person to satisfy their social needs. By this they get feel motivated in
order to enhance their motivation level. This will aid in attaining better motivation for
performing their best. Esteem needs: This type of needs define status, reputation, respect, recognisance and
many more. This will helps in motivating people at workplace. Along with this, at
corporate world employees get motivated through their appraisals which helps them in
performing well ate workplace. By fulfilling this type of needs workers easily enhance
their productivity level at workplace. For example, Harrods provide rewards by providing
other benefits such as cars, flats to its workers which helps in improving their
performance level in most effective manner. Self actualisation needs: It is considered as a final step, if all the needs are fulfilled then
people get motivated and improve their personal desires (Drucker, 2012). With the help
of this, individual can easily improve their morale by fulfilling their needs.
All these are helps in attaining better results which contribute in enhancing productivity
level at workplace by which employees easily attain set goals and objectives in appropriate time
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frame (Griffin and Moorhead, 2011). In this context there are some advantages and
disadvantages are as follows:
Advantages:
 It is an effective logical theory which helps in fulfilling workers needs in effective
manner.
 By this, leader easily enhance workers skills and knowledge in effective manner.
 By this Harrods easily provide better motivation to its workers by fulfilling their needs at
workplace.
 This helps in enhancing performance level of the workers at workplace.
Disadvantages:
 It is not mush effective and accurate theory in real life of the workers. It is not be same for all the workers, some time it provide demotivation to the workers at
workplace.
McGregor Participation theory:
It is also an important theory which develop in 1957 by Douglas McGregor. By this, he
motivate individual for performing well at workplace (Influences on Individual Behaviour in the
Workplace, 2018). This divide in two aspect such as theory X and theory Y. Both terms are used
by business organization which may leads in improving the overall performance level at
workplace. Therefore, manager of Harrods use theory X in which they can evaluate the workers
assumption at workplace are as follows:
 Work avoidance takes place when it is being disliked at workplace.
 By this workers avoid all the higher responsibilities and adopt laziness at workplace
which reduce their performance level.
 Overall work is not relate with the organizational goals.
Apart from this, all the factors are consider by the company which may leads in
improving overall performance level by reducing the chances of arising any issues and obstacles
ate workplace.
Theory Y:
 By this, employees evaluate their performance which helps in performing their business
activities without any reasons (Keller, Parameswaran and Jacob, 2011).
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 Under this all the responsibilities are considered as an effective manner which my leads
in attaining better results.
 Workers are treated effectively and also provide them appropriation which may leads in
attaining better results.
Along with this, both theory are helps in defining appropriate balance in strategic management
which may leads in attaining better outcomes. In context of Harrods, they provide better
direction to workers by providing them better services in order to enhance their working abilities
in most effective manner.
Advantages:
 The main advantage of this theory is to provide better motivation which help workers to
attaining better results.
 Motivation helps in enhancing productivity level of the workers at workplace.
Disadvantages: Theory X is related with uneasy atmosphere which may reduce motivation level of the
workers.
Recommendation: Motivation is considered as a important factor which helps in
enhancing employees morale at workplace. With the help of this, firm improve their performance
level by proving them better direction at the time of performing their job duties. In context of
Harrods, they determine all the advantages and disadvantages which may leads in attaining
positive outcomes in most effective manner. With the help of this, company easily motivate their
workers to perform activities by providing them rewards to their workers. Along with this, it also
may leads in maximizing satisfaction of the customers in most effective manner. This will aid in
attaining higher profitability level at market place. It directly contribute in overall success of the
company at market place.
3 Elements that affect behaviour of an individual and the factors that enable effective
cooperation
Various employees are work in business organisation with their different roles and
responsibilities (Lengnick-Hall, Beck and Lengnick-Hall, 2011). In this each and every people
are having their own perception and behaviour towards the job activities. Along with this all are
behave as well as work their own way which is totally differ form each others. In this context,
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number of factors are there which directly impact on their their behaviour and action. By which
their performance also get affected so that it is important for manager to effectively manage
entire factors in effective manner (Morgan, Pritchard and Pride, 2011). Along with this, structure
of business organisation and its environment also affect workers behaviour at workplace.
Furthermore, it is important for business organization to assess workers performance and their
job roles in most effective manner. By this they easily evaluate the areas in which they improve
their performance level in order to attain better results. With the help of this, manager easily
determine the changes on workplace. In this context, number of factors are there which directly
impact on workers behaviour and company performance also. For improving overall
productivity, it is important for manager to manage as well as determine all the factors
effectively which leads in reducing the negative impact on business and its activities. In this
macro and micro factors are consist their impact on organizational culture in various way. By
this firm improve their productivity level at market place.
Harrods wants some modification in its present structure as existing structure has some
complications due hierarchy that it exhibits numerous layers in it, that is the main reason for its
delays and increasing cost of business operations. To resolve rising cost and inefficiency, now it
is considering a matrix structure because that will be convenient in terms of cost and carry out all
operations that will beneficial for the client side also and make allure them. Hence, whatever the
price will be paid while designing a new structure will be paid off by facilitating others. The
main objective to adopt matrix structure, is that it will reduce layer and reach out to the targeted
goal within time, it will encourage engagement of employees in decision making process.
Further, company can determine impact on behaviour of individuals and cooperative working
structure, and all of these factors can be understand better in following terms:
Social- cultural factors: As it can be understood by the term itself, that it includes
relationships that one have with other people in the society such as their family, friends, peers,
that forms a social group, and thus, this aspect under taking consideration on elements that
develops among society and behaviour and attitude of individual that express them in distinct
manner (Osland and Turner, 2011). In every business firm, there are some certain culture, values
and beliefs exists which are enjoy by its taskforce, and it directly impact on their actions and
behaviours, which is helpful to shape an organizations structure that reflects in others actions.
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These all have a major affect on business growth, though it influences to execute operational
activities, and Harrods should consider this for just ones while taking its decision that can alter
its future plan, for better improvements. This cooperation will surely assist to attain future goals
and targets with several business functions.
Legal environment:In legal environment all rules, regulations, and laws are covered, that
sets standard behaviours for a person in society, that should not violet the limits with respect to
other persons (Pfeffer, 2014). In organization context, every enterprise establishes its own
policies, which derive reach on peak, which is supported by versatile policies to develop and
maintain a friendly environment, so that it can bring a transparency in business functions.
Psychological factors: While working in an organization, psychological factor matters a
lot, due to behaviour on workplace. As mental state of an individual has an important role to
show etiquettes and handling a situation according to time, this aid to amend performance of
entire staff. When it comes to modification of behaviour in such person it involves values,
attributes personality and perception, which are also require for change in business atmosphere
and conditions to create and maintain a cooperative business environment.
Political factors: Political factors covers all the political conditions within in a country,
that impacts on employment rate, amount on investment, return on investment and some other
aspects also. These all elements have an essential impact on recruitment and selection policy of
an individual and to over come this Harrod's manager should consider about formulation of
business plan and tasks. Political factor should be take in to account under considerations
because its decision can impact on large scale on business and also on empowering employment
services.
Environmental factors: Various external factors have a great influence on behaviours of
a person, including environmental aspect, individuals has a crucial impression from their
surroundings, everyone is looking out to grab the new opportunities and thus, availability of
employment and new chances to explore will give them a new direction to move towards
ambition and that will give them a groom in personality and satisfaction, and moreover, it will
give high turnover to the firm (Renz and Herman, 2016). Opportunities can also pull through
technology as it gives knowledge about every specific area so no one need to stick at one place.
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Harrods should give new possibilities to its workers to move ahead so that they have belief to
stay with it on a long way.
Organisational factors: Organisational resources have different types and systems that
acts on behaviour, and thus, physical environment, arrangement of resources and people has an
affect of behaviour of a person. For an example, some elements are responsible for change in
behave like noise light, heat, has a drastic impact on performance of aspirants, due to these and
other actors an individual take actions and decisions (Sarkis, Zhu and Lai, 2011). Structure and
design is another factor that affects on behaviours, taking it on right way giving rewards, which
attracts in behaviour of an employee. Organizational must look after all those factor which has a
major aspect to modify its workers nature, one should find out all the primary ways that can
resolve their problems. So that staff can enjoy working within an organisation.
Leadership: Leader is one who stand like a role model, to inspire a team and followers
have to follow their example. A leader motivate and encourage a group of people and give
directions to reach towards the aim and remove obstacles which comes on a the way. They
adopt approaches to give shape of certain actions and behaviour to boost behaviours so that they
can perform well, as workers who are working in an enterprise can are major affected by their
leaders, so it becomes necessary that show right behaviours and actions that helps to motivate the
workforce. It will also help to increase organizational profit. Harrods needs to conduct activities
in which each employee of the firm get busy, this will introduce a change in style of leadership
and it will turn to transformational leadership and also aid to develop a new vision from top
management to the bottom level. Hence, it will make please to every one and also enhance
productivity and its profit turnover too.
It will be beneficial for Harrods manager to consider these aspects which affects
behaviour and actions in a firm to develop cooperation among distinct business functions.
In this context, Harrods needs to include as well as formulate effective business plan to
determine workers responsibilities at workplace. With the help of this firm easily attain their set
goals and objectives in appropriate manner. It also leads in effectively utilising all the resources
in appropriate manner which directly contribute in overall success of the company at market
place. Along with this, Weber's classic organisational theory also used by firm to effectively
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understand the whole work environment to maintain better workplace. By this firm attain
positive outcomes in appropriate manner and enhance their performance level.
Weber's classic organisational theory:
It is one of the important and effective theory which define by Maz Weber to evaluate the
effective communication process among all the workers and business functions. This theory
used by company in which manager are responsible for define all the roles and responsibilities to
workers in clear manner which may leads in reducing the chances of arising any kind of issues
and obstacles at workplace (Von Krogh, 2012). This will also helps in conveying right and clear
message to one person to another. Along with this, company easily maintain better coordination
among all the activities and operation in order to attain set goals and objectives in appropriate
time frame. Furthermore, by using proper and effective communication individual easily develop
positive and healthy work environment at workplace which contribute in motivating as well as
influencing employees to perform well and attain set goals and objectives. This will contribute in
overall success of the company at market place.
Recommendation: It is one of the important activity for manager to determine entire
factors which impact on individual behaviour at workplace. By this manager of the company
reduce the adverse impact on working style of workers (Yates and Paquette, 2011). As per
current scenario, workers play important role in developing as well as enhancing performance
level of the company at market place by performing their job activities in effective manner. With
the help of this, firm attain their desirable goals and objectives in appropriate time frame. Thus, it
is important to determine the individual behaviour which help business organization to attain
higher success at market place. In this, Harrods required to develop and effective channel of
communication which helps in delivering clear information. By this, manager manage workers
behaviour at workplace and also attain favourable results. This will contribute in maximizing
profitability level of the company in most effective manner.
Furthermore, Harrods also conduct an effective research for determining all the major
factors which impact on individual behaviour at workplace. It helps in improving their
performance level by providing them better direction to them (Wiig, 2012). Therefore, by
evaluating all the factors, manager of the company easily control all the factors and their adverse
impact on workers behaviour at workplace. All these helps in attaining set goals and objectives
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and also contribute in overall success of the company in appropriate manner. Apart form this, it
is also important for business organization to use effective leadership approach in order to
motivate as well as encourage their workers to performing their best by effectively utilize all the
resources in most effective manner. This will contribute in overall success of the company at
marketplace and also capture larger market share form its rivals.
CONCLUSION
From the above mentioned, report, it can be concluded that it is more important for
business organization to manager their workers effectively. With the help of this company easily
attain competitive advantage at market place. Basically, workers are considered as a valuable
assets which they contribute a lot in overall success of the company at market place. Along with
this, various tools and techniques used by business organization to attain competitive advantages.
For attaining the same it is important for manager to use effective recruitment approach to hire
right people for right job which may leads in retain them for long period of time. In this context,
manager use external recruitment method which include innovation at workplace. On the other
side, internal method of recruitment also helps in enhancing workers morale towards the job
activities. With the help of this firm save cost and time as well. Apart from this, motivation also
consider as a major factors which helps in attaining better results in appropriate time frame. For
attaining this, manager use various leadership approaches to enhance workers performance
which mat leads in attaining favourable results. On the other side, it is also vital for manager to
assess entire factors because it directly impact on workers behaviour at workplace. With the help
of this manager easily provide better direction to attain positive outcomes in appropriate period
of time.
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Online
Influences on Individual Behaviour in the Workplace. 2018.[Online]. Available
through:<https://study.com/academy/lesson/influences-on-individual-behavior-in-the-
workplace.html>.
People management. 2018. [Online]. Available through:<https://www.imd.org/mp/leadership-
reflections/people-management/>.
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