Project Life Cycle in Property Development Business: A Case Study of Construction Company

Running head: PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
An Investigation into Project Life Cycle in Property Development Business: A Case Study of
Construction Company
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:

1PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Abstract
The project lifecycle has employed into the management of the construction projects in order to
reduce entire project cost, moment, and risk as well as get better services to the project owners.
Due to lack of efficient information sharing platform, project lifecycle into the construction
projects are used effectively for tracking the project plan and getting profitability into the
business operations. Effective implementation of project lifecycle into the construction projects
are relied on visual communication as well as collaboration on the information platform. Due to
increase in complexity of the project, great deal of information is required. The construction
project lifecycle is developed as business approach to manage products as well as services. As a
result, the phases of project lifecycle are initiating, planning, implementing and closure. In this
study, the data are collected through using mixed data analysis approach where quantitative data
is analyzed by statistical form and qualitative data is analyzed through interview data analysis.
The findings of this study are that project lifecycle is a required process into the construction
industry for project success.
Keywords: Project lifecycle, construction, collaboration, communication, collaboration.

2PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
Conducting this research has been one of the most enriching experiences of my life. The
contribution of this research to enhance my knowledge base and analytical skill has been
paramount. It gave me the opportunity to face challenges in the process and overcome them. This
would not have been possible without the valuable guidance of my professors, peers and all the
people who have contributed to this enriching experience. I would like to take this opportunity to
thank my supervisor ----------------------- for the constant guidance and support provided to me
during the process of this research. It would not be justified if I did not thank my academic
guides for their important and valuable assistance and encouragement throughout the research
process. I would also like to thank my friends who had provided me with help and
encouragement for collecting primary data and valuable resources. Finally, I would like to thank
the professionals from the construction industry who have participated in the research survey and
provided with valuable inputs into the subject. The support of all these people has been inspiring
and enlightening throughout the process of research in the subject.
Heartfelt thanks and warmest wishes,
Yours Sincerely,

3PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Table of Contents
Chapter 1: Introduction....................................................................................................................8
1.1 Background of the study........................................................................................................8
1.2 Aim of the study....................................................................................................................8
1.3 Objectives of the study..........................................................................................................8
1.4 Research questions.................................................................................................................9
1.5 Problem statement.................................................................................................................9
1.6 Rationale of the study............................................................................................................9
1.7 Chapter summary.................................................................................................................10
Chapter 2: Literature Review.........................................................................................................11
2.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................11
2.2 Phases of project lifecycle in property development...........................................................11
2.3 Research on construction management carried out contract in Middlesbrough and Teesside
University..................................................................................................................................13
2.4 Benefits of project lifecycle in property development........................................................16
2.5 Project lifecycle model........................................................................................................17
2.6 Summary..............................................................................................................................17
Chapter 3: Research methodology.................................................................................................19
3.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................19

4PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
3.2 Research philosophy............................................................................................................19
3.3 Research approach...............................................................................................................20
3.4 Research Design..................................................................................................................21
3.5 Data collection procedure....................................................................................................22
3.5.1 Data Sources: Primary and secondary..........................................................................22
3.5.2 Data techniques: Qualitative and quantitative..............................................................23
3.6 Population and sampling......................................................................................................23
3.6.1 Sampling technique......................................................................................................23
3.6.2 Sample size...................................................................................................................24
3.7 Ethical consideration...........................................................................................................24
3.8 Research Limitation.............................................................................................................24
3.9 Research timeline.................................................................................................................25
Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Findings.........................................................................................26
4.1 Introduction..........................................................................................................................26
4.2 Quantitative data analysis....................................................................................................26
4.3 Qualitative data analysis......................................................................................................42
4.4 Discussion............................................................................................................................45
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations..............................................................................47
5.1 Conclusion...........................................................................................................................47
5.2 Linking with the objectives.................................................................................................47

5PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
5.3 Recommendations................................................................................................................49
Chapter 6: Critical reflection on research process undertaken......................................................50
References......................................................................................................................................52

6PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Table of Figures
Figure 4.1: Gender.........................................................................................................................27
Figure 4.2: Age group of respondents...........................................................................................28
Figure 4.3: Role of the respondents...............................................................................................29
Figure 4.4: Experience of respondents..........................................................................................30
Figure 4.5: Project management practices.....................................................................................32
Figure 4.7: Monitor and control the project program and portfolio..............................................35
Figure 4.8: Documentation and controlling in property development..........................................36
Figure 4.9: Improve environmental situations in construction project..........................................38
Figure 4.10: Create roadmap to organize and manage construction project.................................39
Figure 4.11: Cost budgeting in project lifecycle...........................................................................41
Figure 4.12: Contract close out in project lifecycle.......................................................................42

7PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Table of Tables
Table 4.1: Gender..........................................................................................................................27
Table 4.2: Age group of respondents.............................................................................................28
Table 4.3: Role of the respondents................................................................................................29
Table 4.4: Experience of the respondents......................................................................................30
Table 4.5: Project management practices......................................................................................31
Table 4.6: Project management methods.......................................................................................33
Table 4.7: Monitor and control the project program and portfolio................................................34
Table 4.8: Documentation and controlling in property development............................................35
Table 4.9: Improve environmental situations in construction project...........................................37
Table 4.10: Create roadmap to organize and manage construction project...................................39
Table 4.11: Cost budgeting in project lifecycle.............................................................................40
Table 4.12: Contract close out in project lifecycle........................................................................41

8PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Chapter 1: Introduction
1.1 Background of the study
The paper is based on “An investigation into project life cycle in property development
business: A case study of any construction company”. The property development is considered
as profitable business in Middlesbrough. The project work is examined how the project lifecycle
is being implemented in the business with view on the property development company. Stark
(2015) stated that enhancement of the project lifecycle boosts the construction industry for
development over national as well as world economy. Onuoha, Aliagha and Rahman (2018)
argued that purchase of constructed facility is a capital investment. Commitment of the project
resources for construction investments is being stimulated by means of market demand plus real
needs.
1.2 Aim of the study
The aim of this research study is to investigate the project lifecycle for property
development in the construction industry. A case study analysis is performed with comparison
with the property developing companies.
1.3 Objectives of the study
Following are the objectives of research study such as:
 To investigate research on project lifecycles in property development
 To research on popular construction companies that have carried out recent contract
around Middlesbrough and within Teesside University

9PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
 To research on recent and current projects by price right properties
1.4 Research questions
Following are the research questions based on which entire research studies are to be
carried out such as:
1. How project lifecycle phases are used in property development business?
2. What are challenges of project lifecycle for development in the construction industry?
1.5 Problem statement
The project lifecycle phases are consequences in the property development business
when there is inadequate project scope. Then, it is critical to achieve of the construction project.
One of the biggest causes of inadequate scope is rushing of time estimation. The property
development encompasses activities which range from renovation as well as discharge of
existing buildings to procure of land along with trade of land to others. In this case, if the project
scope is not properly identified, then it leads to imperfect building and construction work. In the
construction project, design errors plus constructability issues are raised before the construction,
where the problems are occurred in process of construction.
1.6 Rationale of the study
This research topic is selected as it presents factors which affect management of
construction projects, features to manage complex project based on uncertainty at project
lifecycle stages. This paper is based on improving quality of construction projects by using
project lifecycle phases in property development. Relevance of the project lifecycle is beneficial
for buildings construction will increase for the construction industry.

10PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
1.7 Chapter summary
It is summarized that project lifecycle is employed in management of the construction
projects in order to reduce lifecycle cost, schedule and improve the service to project owners.
Owning to lack of effective information sharing platforms, the construction project is not
successfully used into the construction industry. The construction project management is
separated in planning, designing, construction and commissioning of work. Most of the design
work is required to modify because of design errors and unfeasibility.

11PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Chapter 2: Literature Review
2.1 Introduction
This chapter is based on an investigation into project life cycle in property development
business based on the case study of Construction Company. The project lifecycle is outlined the
construction and technical work and defined the project deliverables which are necessary to
finish the construction projects. The property development is most profitable businesses in
Middlesbrough. The project is examined how the project life cycle is being implemented into the
business with view on the property development company (Stark 2015). The paper is based on
phases of the project lifecycle into the property development with reviewing a research on the
construction companies which are carried out research around Middlesbrough and within
Teesside University. The research work is carried out on the recent as well as current project by
means of price right properties.
2.2 Phases of project lifecycle in property development
Harrison and Lock (2017) stated that the project lifecycle is included project phases
which are based on six phases of the project management lifecycle. The phases are organized
based on the construction project as well as ensured that it can flow efficiently from staring to
the project end. The phases are as follows:
Requirements and analysis: This phase described the problems which are required to
solve and project objectives. Kerzner and Kerzner (2017) discussed that the analysis of project
work is being conducted to explore relationships among components of products and systems to
meet with project requirements.

12PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Architecture: This phase is identified elements which are included into the products and
construction system. The architect can review the business requirements and based on this they
can identify the solutions. Wilkinson, Sayce and Christensen (2015) argued that the project
construction stakeholders can analyze options so that they can select effective solutions. The
architect can define structure and layout of project report.
Design: The design of the construction infrastructure is completed in two parts such as
higher level in addition to detailed. Burns (2016) stated that high level design can explain how
the components of products in addition to system will strictly work as well as interact with other
components. A detailed design of construction work is provided with more details for each of the
products.
Project mobilization: The property owner can choose the project contractor and bid
winner to complete the project tasks before commencement of the project work. Nechaev and
Antipina (2016) determined that the contractor should determine work site layouts details like
site security, structure placements, materials and construction equipments and then start the
building work.
Operation and construction: This phase is based on activity where the project team is
developed code and builds the construction components. The property owner has outlined
specifications in the project and they select outworkers throughout open bidding and choosing
from handful of the builders to meet with construction criteria. Ungureanu, Pop, and Ungureanu
(2016) stated that the contractors should review build specifications to determine job which is
profitable. This project lifecycle phase is involved in task tracking, allocation of resources as
well as control, recordkeeping plus communication. The contractor started the construction

13PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
project by secured the skilled labors, assigned the project tasks and ensured that materials are on-
site to start the building work.
Termination and closure: At the end of the building work, the contractor should finish
various construction tasks before bringing the project by alerting the property owner on the
completed structure. França et al. (2017) concluded that the contractor should complete the final
clean up, finished the work and inspections at the final project stage. At completion of the project
tasks, the constructor should prepare the final project documentation proved that the construction
company should complete in agreed work and then secured the construction licenses. The
contractor should provide owner with the blueprints to outline project changes from original
plan.
2.3 Research on construction management carried out contract in Middlesbrough
and Teesside University
Middlesbrough is larger post industrial town on south bank of River Tees, northeast
England which was founded in the year 1830. It is a part of larger built up area of Teesside that
had overall population of approximately 376,333. In Teesside University, the construction
company BAM won multi-million pound contract for building a brand new and class teaching
centre for the university. The £20m development is transformed centre of university campus
which is presenting unrivalled recent and supple teaching facilities for the students in an
innovative learning space plus technologies (Tees.ac.uk 2017). BAM Construction Company is
accountable for Middlesbrough’s BoHo Centre that will carry facilities with impressive better
rating plus stronger environmentally friendly features.

14PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
According to the Chief Operating Officer, this new development for Teesside University
represented key significant investments for the students and communities. BAM Company is
chosen for this construction project as the innovative approach of this construction company can
offer top class solutions to deliver the project vision plus stronger importance on value for the
money (Heizer, Render and Munson 2016). This construction project work is a real life example
of Business Information Modelling (BIM) for the study groups. BAM Company encourages the
local firms to involve throughout meeting the buyer’s events. The company is committed to
involve the students as part of this project work and ensured that it is work experiences and also
placement opportunities. The university looked familiar to work with the local companies plus
students to make sure that constructing projects can benefit economy of Middlesbrough’s plus
environment throughout construction and when it is completed.
In this construction company, the purchase of the constructed facility is a key significant
capital investment. The project owner is the individual and a private corporation as well as public
agency. Due to commitment of the project resources for larger investment is being stimulated by
the marketing demands plus real project requirements. Tukker and Tischner (2017) stated that
the project requirements are in the constraints of the project owner plus appropriate policies and
procedures. Antikainen and Valkokari (2016) argued that for this project management tasks, the
project owner as well as project sponsor are same and they have ultimate power for making key
important construction related decisions. The project owner has clear understanding of project
acquisition processes for sustaining into the business firm to control quality, timeliness plus cost
of the facility. Myers (2018) discussed that the construction project can meet with the market
demands plus requirements on daily basis. At the conceptual planning phase, the construction
possibilities are to be taken into considerations.

15PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Schumpeter (2017) examined that the financial strategies for proposed options along with
ideas are undergoing an examination where the programmed with respect to the completion time
of project as well as based on availability of the cash flow. Once the scope of this construction
project is defined, then throughout entire engineering design, it will make available blueprint for
the construction as well as cost estimation will offer a project baseline for controlling the project
cost. Joyce and Paquin (2016) discussed that planning and controlling in the procurement in
addition to construction stage, delivery of raw materials in addition to project erection at the
project site has required to be maintained. Once there is completion of the construction phase,
the period of start up of build facility is to be occupied.
At the end of the construction stage, the facility management is being turned over to the
project landlord for occupancy until the facility can live out the project lifecycle. Kerzner (2018)
verified that it is required to check durability of the building once the functionality is being
started. When the construction of building is not showing any defects, before the period is
particular, then it is chosen for destruction along with exchange. van Haaster et al. (2017)
discussed that there is poor coordination as well as communication among the specialists which
can result in wastage, excessive project costs as well as project delays. The project participants
can engage into the project work with regards to the happiness of the project owners, at end, then
the project owners those are offered the income in addition to made the project connected
decisions. Weidema et al. (2018) analyzed that the implementation of project owner’s viewpoints
help the project participants to be focused on completion of this project. It will reduce concept of
conveying decisions based on the past roles of the project specialists concerned into the project
work. Tikhomirov et al. (2016) discussed that enhancement of the project management will

16PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
boost the construction industry in order to turn the project facilities for development nationwide
as well as world wealth.
2.4 Benefits of project lifecycle in property development
The project lifecycle is consisted of distinct project phases which are mentioned in 2.2 in
this literature review chapter. Following are the benefits of project lifecycle which are described
as below:
Structured approach: Kühnen and Hahn (2017) stated that the project lifecycle is
provided with structured approach for delivering the project work. It allows each of the project
team members to identify how the project work is progressed. Clarke, O'Connor and Leavy
(2016) argued that it will defined the project activities as well as outputs for each of the
identified project phases.
Communication: Antikainen and Valkokari (2016) discussed that in the project lifecycle
it is required to defined the project roles with project organization and provides framework for
the project which is visible by the project team members. The roles plus responsibilities of the
project team members are being assigned as per the phases. Communication among the project
team members help to understand what it should do in each phases. It makes people understand
the business plan with level of the resource needs to prevent wastage of resources. Harrison and
Lock (2017) stated that implementation phase can require this particular phase.
Project phases: The project lifecycle allows the project manager to link with the project
progress directly with the phases and completion of each phase (Nechaev and Antipina 2016).
Definition stage can include construction of project management plan and risk management plan

17PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
where the implementation phase can cover construction of different components that can include
the end products.
2.5 Project lifecycle model
Weidema et al. (2018) discussed that the construction project consists of various project
phases that can form the lifecycle for each project phases. In early years for the development of
the project management practices, it is easier to reassess each of the project phases to plan, plan
and also handle the project work from starting to end of each project phases. The project
manager has to resolve the issues throughout construction phase which could solve throughout
design phase (França et al. 2017). The cost of operating the construction work increased as the
designers plus constructs should take short cut to lessen the cost in addition to raise the profits.
The shot cut can increase cost of operating as well as maintaining the construction work. The
purpose of project lifecycle models can design as well as document entire processes for the
construction project. It enables that the person can create, plan, execute the work for
understanding the project phases (Tukker and Tischner 2017). The lifecycle can enable efficient
project management application which can integrate with corporate information systems.
2.6 Summary
It is concluded that the project lifecycle for property development is well documented
which enables system thinking to create, plan, schedule as well as manage entire project
throughout the project phases. The lifecycle started at a moment at the product can start to use
and place in operations, therefore it can produce benefits which can justify the project at initial
phase. The construction industry makes improvements in the business environment plus
institutional constraints which can affect the project activities plus nature of the project
management. The project scope is achieved and identified when the project is closed out as well

18PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
as system operations phase is started. It is concluded that the project lifecycle is consisted series
of the project stags regulated by the management decisions that can confirm that the system is
matured to leave one stage as well as enter others project management stages.

19PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Chapter 3: Research methodology
3.1 Introduction
This chapter defines the most appropriate research methodology that is required to
conduct the chosen research topic-“an investigation into project life cycle in the property
development businesses”. It has been determined that the property development businesses in
Middlesbrough are gaining most amounts of commercial profit and competitive advantages from
the market. The successful accomplishment of the research will examine the way through which
property development companies can obtain commercial profit and competitive advantages as
well (Kumar 2019). The research methodology defines research philosophy, research
approaches, research design, data collection, ethical consideration, data sources, data technique,
population and sampling. The application of research methodology helps to appreciate the
process adopts to analyze the construction needs. The research design will carry out the recent
contract around Middlesbrough and within Teesside University. Overall it can be said that the
research would be able to get a better analysis result if each research methodology components
are successful conducted by the project researcher.
3.2 Research philosophy
Three different types of research philosophy are available in the field of research work
such as realism, positivism and interpretivism. Each one of the research philosophy offers
different success measures. However, based on the type and complexity of the research topic the
researcher is essential to select the most suitable research philosophy (Mackey and Gass 2015). It
helps to demonstrate the processes those have been assumed by the researcher during the

20PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
implementation of any research topic. The thinking process for a research topic may also vary
due to varied thinking process. Therefore, the researcher requires choosing the most suitable
research philosophy considering its alignment with the research topic.
After analyzing the research topic it has been determined that, among three of the
research philosophies the most suitable one is positivism. The logical components can be
revealed with successful selection of the research philosophy. All the hidden facts can be
scientifically and successfully evaluated with application of positivism research philosophy. On
the other hand, for any kind of complex research topic interpretivism philosophy is applicable.
The positivism philosophy sometimes tries to eliminate the metaphysics for much detail
observation and knowledge collection. The interpretivism philosophy is used while the
researchers, research actively under the interpretative study. In order to examine the role of
project lifecycle in construction industry for property development the positivism research
philosophy is required to be adopted and the interpretivism and realism should be avoided.
3.3 Research approach
There are two different types of research approaches such as inductive and deductive,
widely used by the project researcher based upon the research situation. In order to reveal the
required format the researcher is needed to choose the most suitable research approach among
these two. The inductive research approach is used whenever enough data are found not to be
available. On the other hand, whenever enough data are available the investigator can use the
deductive research approach to conduct the research work. In order to build any new theory for
any research topic the inductive approach is very helpful (Silverman 2016). On the other hand,
the deductive approach is used to demonstrate all practical application of the research theories.

21PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
The deductive theory is aimed to develop different theories with accurate specifications as well
as data analysis concept.
Among two of these research approaches the most suitable one is deductive. Concept
related to project management life cycle and its impact in property development and construction
industries can be easily demonstrated in terms of theoretical knowledge the deductive approach
is beneficial. It will facilitate the researcher to identify along with assess all research data in a
much precise and clear manner. Due to lack of emphasize in new research theories a concepts the
researchers must avoid the concept of inductive approach. For this specific research work the
deductive research approach is appropriate.
3.4 Research Design
Three different research design approaches are there such as explanatory, exploratory,
and descriptive. Based on the selected research topic the researcher needs to choose the most
suitable design. While gathering data from the identified resources the research design helps to
offer a much better description to their consumers. In order to acknowledge different thoughts
and ideas that are essential to conduct the research topic exploratory design is very helpful but
this design demonstrates the occurrences of incidents as well as events and also its respective
effects (Taylor, Bogdan, and DeVault 2015). However, the research work has become extremely
limited due to inaccurate explanation of the penetration details and cause and effect relationship.
The descriptive research is aimed to obtain details and state occurrence for events with a detail
research topic description.

22PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
In order to evaluate the role of project management life cycle in construction industry for
property development research the research is needed to choose descriptive research design as it
helps to define the detail involved process to it.
3.5 Data collection procedure
In order to successfully conducting any research topic the data are considered as useful
information set for a better analysis. For deriving exact results data collection is referred to as a
much essential approach because it helps to process and enable standard research work formats.
3.5.1 Data Sources: Primary and secondary
Primary and secondary are the two different data sources used by the researchers to carry
out any research work. In order to penetrate the research topic useful information extraction is
very important part. For deriving accurate results both the primary and secondary data sources
are helpful. In order to gather raw data those could be straightly catered based on the need of the
research work primary sources are essential (Alvesson and Skoldberg2017). However, the first
hand data always requires validity along with reliability.
Primary data generally collected through direct interactions. Interview, survey etc are the
approaches used to gather primary data from valid participants. On the other hand, the secondary
data sources are books, journals, article etc. It enables a better study approach to their
researchers. Approved literature sources are generally called as the secondary sources. The
secondary sources generally includes both online and offline sources. In order to evaluate the
function of project management life cycle in construction industry for property expansion
primary data sources are considered instead of secondary sources. Both interview and survey will
be used to conduct the research work.

23PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
3.5.2 Data techniques: Qualitative and quantitative
The qualitative data are very supportive to record narrative data to deliver a enhanced
explanation for the research topic. However, the qualitative data helps to combine hypothetical
concept in the realistic field to deliver a better accepting regarding the research topic. On the
other hand, the quantitative data use various statistical data to trace data even for the large
sample size also (Fletcher 2017). In order to reveal the hidden facts regarding usage of project
management life cycle methodology in the construction industry for property management both
the qualitative and quantitative data techniques are used. In other words, mixed data techniques
are used to conduct the research work.
3.6 Population and sampling
Population is referred to as the total number of people participated or impacted by the
research process content. People who will contribute in the research work include industry
project managers, project management lecturers of the Teesside University, property developers
and construction labors. In order to meet and analyze the impact of project management life
cycle methodology in construction industry mainly used for property development interview and
questionnaire should be used.
3.6.1 Sampling technique
The technique that is going to be applied to explore the research topic is simple random
probability technique. The survey that will be conducted was performed based on agree and
disagree parameters.

24PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
3.6.2 Sample size
The participants who will be involved to the primary data collection (survey and
interview) are industry project managers, project management lecturers of the Teesside
University, property developers and construction labors. The total sample size considered for the
research work is 50. Apart from the above mentioned participants the other participants who will
be interviewed are plumbers, electricians and decorators.
3.7 Ethical consideration
Besides data techniques as data collection the other thing that has to be considered by the
researcher are some ethical considerations and that are as follows:
Data application: Each data that would be collected should be used appropriately by
avoiding commercial data applications to keep the paper completely academic.
Involvement of the respondents: None of the participants should be externally
manipulated or pressurized during interview and survey.
3.8 Research Limitation
Time constraints: The researcher had time limitation which led to study of the work in a
short time due to the cross sectional nature of the study.
Budget constraints: The researcher will face control if proper budget is not being
estimated.

25PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
3.9 Research timeline
Main activities/ stages Week
1
Week
2
Week
3
Week
4
Week
5
Week
6
Week
7
Selection of the research topic
Identification of survey as well as
interview participants
Conducting survey
Interview session
Formulating research plan
Selection proper research methodology
Selection of primary data
Data analysis
Result and findings
Final study conclusion

26PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Chapter 4: Data Analysis and Findings
4.1 Introduction
This chapter is conducted to assess the project management practice and processes in the
construction projects. The focus of this assessment is based on the project management life cycle
phases in the selected industry. In order to analyze the project management practices, set of
questions based on project lifecycle were being employed in this research study. The researcher
is required to demonstrate data analysis on investigating the project lifecycle in property
development based on the construction industry. The researcher performed quantitative data
analysis from the employees of construction companies by means of survey method. Qualitative
data analysis is used in this study by interview method where there is performing interview with
the construction personnel plumbers, electricians and decorators.
4.2 Quantitative data analysis
The research study is focused on three main groups to implement the construction project
for investigating into project life cycle in property development business. The groups those are
involved in the survey are construction company staffs and various property owners. The
questionnaire was meant to get data pertaining on the research processes as well as practice of
the project management life cycle in the construction projects. The distribution of percentage
was used into analysis of the frequency distribution data. The questionnaires are being comprised
of two sections such as it was designed to collect information on demographics profile and
second section was designed to investigate project lifecycle in property development business in
the construction project.

27PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Section 1: Demographics profile
1. Gender
Options No of respondents Total respondents Percentage of responses
Male 27 50 54%
Female 23 50 46%
Table 4.1: Gender
Figure 4.1: Gender
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 54% of the respondents are male while 46% of
them are female. Most of the respondents are male those are interested in providing their
responses for the survey.

28PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
2. Age group
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
18-21 years 9 50 18%
22-25 years 20 50 40%
26-29 years 9 50 18%
Above 30 years 12 50 24%
Table 4.2: Age group of respondents
Figure 4.2: Age group of respondents
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 40% of the respondents are between age group of
22-25 years. It is analyzed that 18% are between 18-21 years and 26-29 years. It is also seen that
24% of the respondents are above 30 years. Therefore, mostly adult respondents are involved in
providing their responses and involved in the survey method.

29PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
3. Please mention you role
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Project
Management
Lecturer
14 50 28%
Property
developer
23 50 46%
Construction
Manager
10 50 20%
Laborers 3 50 6%
Table 4.3: Role of the respondents
Figu
re 4.3: Role of the respondents
Findings:

30PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
From the above chart, it is found that 46% of the respondents have role of property
developer those are involved in the survey. It is found that 28% of the respondents are project
management lecturers, 20% are construction manager and 6% are laborers.
4. Experience
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
1 year 10 50 20%
2 years 25 50 50%
3 years 5 50 10%
More than 3
years
10 50 20%
Table 4.4: Experience of the respondents
Figure 4.4: Experience of respondents
Findings:

31PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
From the above chart, it is found that 50% of the respondents are working into the
industry for 2 years. It is found that 20% have experience for 1 year and more than 3 years and
10% for 3 years. Therefore, most of the respondents are experienced to give their responses.

32PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
5. Which project management practices you are practicing throughout construction
processes?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Procurement 10 50 20%
Property
development
30 50 60%
Sustainable
construction
5 50 10%
Lean
construction
5 50 10%
Table 4.5: Project management practices

33PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Figure 4.5: Project management practices
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 60% of the respondents said that they are practicing
property development project management practices throughout the construction processes. It is
the business process which encompassed the project activities range from renovation plus release
of existing building to buy raw land in addition to sale of developed land. It is involved with
wide range of the project activities as well as processes from purchasing of land, building along
with developing higher rise buildings. It is found that 20% goes for procurement, 10% for
sustainable construction and 10% for lean construction.
Section 2: An investigation into project life cycle in property development business
6. How far do you agree that the top project manager should aware of project management
methods used to manage project?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 2 50 4%
Disagree 5 50 10%
Neutral 9 50 18%
Agree 31 50 62%
Strongly agree 3 50 6%
Table 4.6: Project management methods

34PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Figure 4.6: Project management methods
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 62% of the respondents agreed that the top project
manager should aware have project management methods used to manage project. PRINCE 2
techniques is used by most of the project manager to define the project outputs and business
justification for each project. Description of each project position is defined to avoid confusions
into the project process. The core project plan is being divided into smaller plans to do the
project work faster.

35PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
7. How far do you agree that the project life cycle phases help to monitor and control the
project program and portfolio?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 0 50 0%
Disagree 2 50 4%
Neutral 20 50 40%
Agree 26 50 52%
Strongly agree 2 50 4%
Table 4.7: Monitor and control the project program and portfolio

36PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Figure 4.7: Monitor and control the project program and portfolio
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 52% of the respondents agreed that the project life
cycle phases help to monitor and control the project program and portfolio. The project
management program standard plus portfolio management standard provides impacts on the
project profession. The project governance is being concerned with providing control over
investment of the organization and monitoring delivery of the project benefits as the program and
portfolio is progressed.
8. How far do you agree that the project management processes are well documented and
controlled in the property development construction project?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 0 50 0%
Disagree 6 50 12%
Neutral 17 50 34%
Agree 27 50 54%
Strongly agree 0 50 0%

37PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Table 4.8: Documentation and controlling in property development
Figure 4.8: Documentation and controlling in property development
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 54% of the respondents are agreed that the project
management processes are well documented and controlled in the property development
construction project. The functions of project management processes for construction plan is
included documentation of project specifications and plan including project scope, project
budget, and schedule and set the performance needs. In the property development, there is
controlling over maximization of resource throughout procurement of labor, and equipments
based on project schedule as well as plan.

38PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
9. How far do you agree that the project management methodology is adapted for
improving environmental conditions in construction project?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 1 50 2%
Disagree 3 50 6%
Neutral 18 50 36%
Agree 27 50 54%
Strongly agree 1 50 2%
Table 4.9: Improve environmental situations in construction project

39PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Figure 4.9: Improve environmental situations in construction project
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 54% of the respondents agreed that the project
management methodology is adapted for improving environmental conditions in construction
project. There are negative impacts of the construction activities which are included waste
production, contamination of waste as well as damage to the drainage system. The construction
industry has higher impact on the environment. Construction technology is used to overcome
with the environment plus help to return to its natural states. There is significant environmental
impact of the construction sector is emissions because of consumption of energy. One of the
approach towards sustainable building is to apply of project management methodology to
support and achieve sustainability.
10. How far do you agree that project lifecycle phases create roadmap to organize and
manage construction project?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 0 50 0%
Disagree 5 50 10%
Neutral 15 50 30%
Agree 29 50 58%
Strongly agree 1 50 2%

40PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Table 4.10: Create roadmap to organize and manage construction project
Figu
re
4.10:
Create roadmap to organize and manage construction project
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 58% of the respondents agreed that project lifecycle
phases create roadmap to organize and manage construction project. The project roadmap
provides detailed picture of the project deliverables of the construction project. It provides a
clear overview of what is happening at certain time throughout the project lifecycle. The project
management roadmap is such a tool which can allow the project stakeholders to keep track of
milestones of project and help to coordinate and communicate of various project elements. It is
an important aspect of the project management as it can act as guide for the project manager to
kick off the project work and help to share an understanding among the project stakeholders and
project team members.

41PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
11. How far do you agree that cost budgeting is the critical factor considered in the
planning process of project life cycle?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 0 50 0%
Disagree 2 50 4%
Neutral 22 50 44%
Agree 26 50 52%
Strongly agree 0 50 0%
Table 4.11: Cost budgeting in project lifecycle

42PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Figure 4.11: Cost budgeting in project lifecycle
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 52% of the respondents agreed that cost budgeting
is the critical factor considered in the planning process of project life cycle. The project manager
should identify when the cost is varied from budget as well as manage the project variations.
Creating a cost budget is crucial for the project management. It is a critical factor in the project
as it is the process to calculate total expenditure of the project plan. Proper estimation of project
cost is based on accuracy as well as details of the project scope that is the scope baseline.
12. How far do you agree that contract close out is required in the closing processes of
project life cycle?
Options Total responses Total respondents Percentage of responses
Strongly disagree 1 50 2%
Disagree 1 50 2%
Neutral 18 50 36%
Agree 26 50 52%
Strongly agree 4 50 8%
Table 4.12: Contract close out in project lifecycle

43PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Figu
re
4.12:
Contract close out in project lifecycle
Findings:
From the above chart, it is found that 52% of the respondents agreed that contract close
out is required in the closing processes of project life cycle. Contract closure is involved with
verification that the work is being completed correctly plus updated the contract records to
reflect on final project results. The close out of the contracts is associated with completed project
plan.
4.3 Qualitative data analysis
This data analysis section is comprised of qualitative description of the selected research
topic as it is performed by taking interview of plumbers, electricians and decorators. This
qualitative data analysis section is involved them as appropriate sample as detailed procedure of
project lifecycle in property development is described into the construction industry. This study

44PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
is permissible detailed analysis of each sub-topics helping in improved penetration of research
topic.
1. Key challenges in the company and tackle those challenges
As per the plumber, the company faces inadequate scope definition which makes a
trouble for the company while planning for the project. It provides effect on valuable resources
and causes problems in case of communication among the project team members. According to
the electrician, one of the main challenges that the company faces in each phase of project
lifecycle is unrealistic project deadlines and impractical expectations of project clients and
stakeholders. The decorator said that most of the timeline of construction project is slip because
of unrealistic initial project deadlines. The company is not using project management software,
therefore it results in lot of time to finish the work and effort is being wasted due to lack of
automation process.
In order to overcome with project scope issues, the project manager conducts face-to-face
meetings with the project team members when required to discuss the area where concerns are
raised. In order to cope up with the project timeline, the project managers are taking care of
project deadlines by proper planning and announcement of real time progress of the participants.
The construction phases are planned as per requirements, manage project schedule and stay track
of project dates for each individual activities. The company should start with using project
management software as it helps the company to better plan and keeps the project information
up-to-date.
2. Construction project lifecycle

45PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
The construction project has distinct phases where the project team members should carry
out range of project activities necessary to carry out the project work differ. There is different
start phase which are followed by systematizing the project phase. Carrying out is execution part
of the project and closure phase is temporary activities related to the project to be closed. By
means of project lifecycle standard, it achieves success in construction project. The project
lifecycle will run from project initiation through post implementation review of delivered end
products. Sometimes, it is understandable because of complicated nature plus diversity of the
project work. The construction project lifecycle creates procedures and tracks logs which will be
tool to use throughout rest of the project work. Each of the party involved into the contract has
planning phase.
3. Project lifecycle is critical for managers to deliver project to the client
The project manager is required to launch a project and formal set of plans to outline the
initial project goals. The project life cycle is a way to describe life of the project. Each of the
projects is started and ended, and failed when it is not able to complete on scheduled time. The
construction project techniques can acknowledge the hard work of the employees. On the other
hand, in some cases the project lifecycle is not enough for some employees to work harder. They
just complete their daily work duties and go home.
4. Construction organization requires new lifecycle for project management
The construction professional team requires something which is more tailored to them.
The organization typically operates on the cycle and human capital. New project lifecycle helps
to become more efficient plus profitable. It emphasizes reporting and analyzes past projects.
Construction project management is required in the project to keep with the management skills to

46PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
stay competitive in the market. It is used to manage resources over the project lifecycle for
controlling scope, time, cost and quality. For better management of the project plan and achieve
profitability in the business, it solves problems throughout the construction phase so that all the
phases are met. New project lifecycle provides standard construction phases such as initiation,
planning, implementation and closure phases of the project. A business case of out project is
developed and based on it; where all the project work is happened.
5. Negative impact of the lifecycle on the performances of the employees
As per the plumber, there are no such negative impacts of the project lifecycle on
performance of the employees. According to electrician, for few employees, they are
compromising with the quality of their work. As per the decorator, into the construction
organization, the employees are highly enthusiastic about their work.
4.4 Discussion
It is seen that the data are collected and analyzed using mixed data technique from the
credible sources in the construction field. It is believed that construction of new methods into the
project lifecycle help to realize lesser expenditure on different project tasks in the project,
therefore there is realize more profitable in long run. It is discussed that the project lifecycle into
the construction project management is based on coordinating as well as monitoring labor and
resources for project durations. The construction industry is undertaken complex initiatives into
the field of IT, where it uses project management software to manage the project resources. Into
the construction industry, the project manager is applied project management to build structures
for environmental sustainability and industrial manufacturing.

47PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
In order to keep the project work on track as well as on scheduled time, the project
manager can leverage communicational skills and expertise. It is discussed that success of a
project is based on the all the project lifecycle phases. In the planning phase, the team is focused
on most of their efforts. It is seen that purchase of the constructed facility is a main capital
investments. Most of the constructed facilities are made into the construction with the project
owners with exception in case of the residential units. The project manager explained as well as
defined the scope of the project plan properly as it can undergo examination with respect to
timing for completion of project plan and based on availability of the cash flows. The project
management methodologies in the construction project is developed the property into the
industry.
The project manager can work on the products which are clearly defined as well as fixed
requirements may choose the construction project management methods. The construction
project work is best suited for those methods which are not anticipating changes and requires
adapting new conditions throughout the entire construction process. The project management
methods are systematic processes which are predictable. Most of the construction projects are
based on documentation to deliver the product. The project manager uses system to stay
collaboration throughout ever changing environments. There is review of stakeholder needs in
addition to product backlog is updated based on the project needs.

48PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Chapter 5: Conclusion and Recommendations
5.1 Conclusion
It is concluded that in the construction industry, the project lifecycle phases are consisted
of construction phases which are required to complete the project work. The lifecycle phases are
required to show level of consistency into the project management and each of project stages are
being approved or it will go. As the project plan is going through construction phases, then it will
review to determine status of the project plan. The project phase’s reviews are being conducted
after each project phases help to identify where the project team is plus provided update on the
project to ensure that the project objectives are met. The purpose of this research study is to
report on case study results of construction industry on PM practices performed into the
construction sector organization. The project manager is responsible to solve issues through
entire construction phase so that the issues in design phases are mitigated.
5.2 Linking with the objectives
This section starts with linking about the findings of the research study with the research
objectives. The findings are being discussed against the research objectives identified at chapter
1. The main findings of this research study are that the project management literature will discuss
on importance of the techniques of project management to manage the project plan.
Objective 1: To investigate research on project lifecycles in property development
In the project lifecycle phases, the property owner decides a concept of feasibility and
chooses best method to finish and deliver the project structure. The project lifecycle phases are

49PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
consisted of requirement and analysis phase, architecture, design, project mobilization and
operation and construction, termination and closure. At the project phases, the constructor should
prepare a final documentation which is completed in agreed work.
Objective 2: To research on popular construction companies those have carried out recent
contract around Middlesbrough and within Teesside University
In Teesside University, the construction company BAM won multi-million pound
contract for building a brand new and class teaching centre for the university. The construction
work is done for Middlesbrough’s BoHo Centre which will deliver facilities with better rating
and stronger environmentally friendly features. The construction company is used Business
Information Modelling (BIM) technique which is digital demonstration of the physical as well as
functional individuality of the facility. BIM is shared knowledge resources for the information
about capability outlining a consistent basis for the choices throughout the project lifecycle.
Objective 3: To research on recent and current projects by price right properties
The current construction project of BIM is based on the price right properties. This
property rights is used in constructs into economics in order to decide how the resource and
economic good is being owned. The resources are owned by the persons and governments with
right to transfer items to others in addition to enforce the price property rights. Most of the
construction projects are used price right properties so that they can implement their project plan
effectively.

50PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
5.3 Recommendations
Following are the recommendations which are proposed as result of this research study.
The recommendations are based specific to the construction sector and general to the public
sector projects.
Establishment of dedicated project management office (PMO): In the construction
industry where the project is not able to meet with its deadlines, budgets as well as objectives,
there is required to establish PMO which can manage the property development work efficiently
across the construction organization. PMO model can produce standardized policies plus
procedures which can govern the project planning and execution.
Development of lessons learned report: The project plan should develop lessons learned
report on identification of the project successes plus project failures. The project facilitator
should review key project documents and then prepare list of questions related to the project.
Enhance leadership quality of the project manager: It is recommended to enhance
leadership quality of the project manager by means of education plus training among the project
team members. They are required to get training on the construction work so that they can handle
project management techniques used in the construction project.

51PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
Chapter 6: Critical reflection on research process undertaken
In this research study, empirical research evidence is required but it is some extent
theoretical on the project life cycle phases in property development work. I would have
understanding of practical situations in the construction industry. In order to understand practical
situations of the workplace, I would have great insight and possible directions for my research
report. In chapter 1, I provided a broad overview of the research which is reported in the thesis
paper. I discussed initial research questions and analyzed the research topic throughout process
of data collection and analysis. I described procedures used for collecting and analyzing the data.
I had fully gone through the selected research topic and found that there are some impacts of the
project management life cycle methodology in construction industry for property development.
In this study, I had used primary data collection method where I had conducted survey
using questionnaires based on selected research topic. I had used quantitative data analysis
method so that the raw data are analyzed in statistical form. The thesis paper is based on pre-
existing theoretical framework in form of literature review where phases of the project life cycle
are developed in property development. I had also performed a research on construction
management carried out contract in Middlesbrough and Teesside University. In order to collect
data, I had applied my knowledge to explore the research topic and used simple random
probability technique to select sample population for conducting the primary data collection. The
selected participants for performing the survey are project managers, project management
lecturers of the Teesside University, property developers and construction labors. My research
study is exploratory as well as quantitative in nature so that it investigated project management

52PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
practices into the construction sector. Collecting and analyzing the reason behind the project
failures help the project manager to determine the factors behind it.

53PROJECT LIFECYCLE IN PROPERTY DEVELOPMENT BUSINESS
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