Psychology For Health And Social Care Student
Added on 2020-10-05
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Psychology for Health andSocial care Student
Table of ContentsINTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1TASK 1............................................................................................................................................11.1 Comparison between different psychological theories of lifespan development.............11.2 Relation of psychological theories with specific stages of life........................................2TASK 2............................................................................................................................................52.1 Impact of social and biological factors on human behaviour...........................................52.2 Significance of social roles in context of health and social care......................................6TASK 3............................................................................................................................................73.1 Application of psychological theories to people experiencing elevated level of stress. . .73.2 Relation of psychological theories to behavioural disturbance........................................73.3 Role of psychological theory to understand about mental health disorders.....................83.4 Application of psychological principles to affect behavioural change............................83.5 Enhance understanding of relationships by psychological theories.................................9TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................10Self evaluation......................................................................................................................10CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................10REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................11
INTRODUCTIONPsychology refers to a multifaceted discipline and involves several areas includinghuman development, sports, health, clinical, social behaviour and cognitive procedures. Itbasically means a scientific study of human mind and it functions specially in context ofbehaviour. Moreover, psychology in health & social care includes to determine behaviour andactions of an individual to ensure their physical and psychological well being (Aveyard, 2014).There are various mental disorders which can be determined through abnormal psychologicalbehaviour of a person such as depression, anxiety, dementia, phobia, trauma, and many more.The present report will focus on different psychological theories of lifespan development andtheir link with specific life stages. It will also include social & biological factors and importanceof social roles in health & social care. The relation of behavioural disturbance with psychologicaltheories and understanding of mental disorders is given below. TASK 11.1 Comparison between different psychological theories of lifespan developmentPsychology can be described as human behaviour including mental procedures such aslearning, perception, memory, cognitive development and emotions. There are severalpsychological theories which are connected with development of a children from their birth toadulthood. However, every individual has different psychology of making perceptions andthoughts about particular aspect including their behaviour. There are various psychologicaltheories of lifespan development which are explained further – Behavioural Child Development Theory – This can be explained as learning of a childthrough their interactions with an environment. It involves two behavioural processes which arevery important in terms of influencing development such as classical and operant conditioning.However, classical conditioning involves to establish a connection between previously neutralstimulus and a stimulus that naturally & automatically produce specific response. Moreover,operant conditions refers to learning as a result of reinforcement and punishment. Additionally,it is supportive to analyse the learning of child from outside interactions (Manners, 2017).Cognitive Theory of Development – This theory involves the criteria of changing inthoughts of children over the course of childhood. On the basis of this model, it has beenevaluated that children can through of “little scientists” who actively construct their knowledge1
and understanding of the world. Initially, sensorimotor stage involves infants to 2 years babies inwhich they learn about new world by sensory perceptions and motor interactions. Secondly, preoperational stage includes child between 2 to 6 years that is time of rapid growth anddevelopment. Thirdly, Concrete operational stage which occur in children with age 7 to 11 yearsincluding emergence of logical thoughts. Finally, formal operational stage involves 12 yearschildren who are capable to reason about abstract concepts and make systematic plans (Romero,Riggs and Ruggero, 2015). Comparative discussion among theoriesBehavioural Child Development TheoryCognitive Theory of Development This includes the concept of learningwith help of environmental interactionswith new world. It has criteria to establish link betweenclassical and operant conditioning inorder to analyse behaviour & learningof kids.This theory is helpful to evaluate thedevelopment of childhood phase onlyfrom birth to adulthood by singleconcept. This theory is based on the conceptchanging thoughts of children overtheir course of childhood.It will focus on kind of developmentoccurs in different stages of life such assensorimotor, pre operational, concreteoperational and formal operational.This model provide support to analysedifferent level of development indifferentiated stages of life from birthto adulthood.1.2 Relation of psychological theories with specific stages of lifeThe psychological theories are related with different stages of life as they helps to analyseabout level of development or learning of an individual. It involves different types ofpsychological stages of lifespan including infancy, early childhood, adolescence, late adulthoodand final stage (Orthwein, 2017). However, different types of psychological theories are providesupport to analyse actual behaviour of an individual ensuring their standards of learning fromoutside interactions of the world. Moreover, one of appropriate psychological theory is going tobe explained with several stages of lifespan and development i.e. Erickson's 8 Stages ofPsychological Development. It is also considered as psychosocial theory of development whichhas been going to explain further – 2
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