Reduction Of Petrol Consumption And Co2 Emission

ESSAY QUESTION Read the information below and write an argumentative essay in which you discuss relevant strategic and everyday choices that individuals make, and ways in which these choices may be shaped by external political intervention. GUIDING INFORMATION • Consider that you are in the position of a political strategists. Your are concerned with environmental behaviour with regard to one of the following topics: a) Reduction of petrol consumption and CO2 emissions of private car driving. b) Encourage Farmers to modify practices and apply soil conservation techniques. c) Reduction of battery waste of private households. d) Discouraging people to settle in flood zones. e) Convince allotment societies and individual gardeners to undertake action to increase biodiversity and to reduce chemical inputs in their gardens. • Discuss the actors’ environmental behaviour. What has to be done to promote behaviour change to reduce environmental impacts?

Running head: REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR
DRIVEN
Name of the Student:
Name of the University:
Author note:

1REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
The environmental issues has been one of the greatest global issues that has been
faced by every country. According to the international political response to climate change
that has been initiated in Rio de Janerio, Brazil in the Earth Summit 19921. The excessive
emission of the CO2 is a great issue that has been killing various animals and diseases in
humans. The increase in the emission of CO2 will lead to various issues in the environment. It
has turned out to be a global agenda that the government is unable to take steps unless the
people of the country are taking initiatives that will help the reduction of CO2 release in the
environment. From the research of Dari and Sihi, it is evident that with the increase in the
CO2 in the environment there has been a drastic change in the global climatic changes2. The
paper will help to identify the issues that has been faced by the governments and scientist in
reducing CO2 emission and the initiatives that has to be taken by the common people that will
help in the reducing carbon dioxide.
Air pollution is one of the greatest issues that has been making various countries take
initiatives to reduce the excess release of carbon dioxide and carbon monoxide3. Air pollution
has been depleting the condition of the environment with the excess release if greenhouse
gases. The excessive number of harmful particles in the air is leading to various health
conditions that are incurable. It has been observed that there has an increase in the
1 Adamczak, M., Kovacic-Lukman, R., Toboła, A., Tórz, M. and Cyplik, P., 2019. Role Emission of IoT and
Solutions Road Safety in Reducing in Car Rental CO2 and Car Sharing Market. Integration of Information Flow
for Greening Supply Chain Management, p.203.
2 Dari, B. and Sihi, D., 2018. Future Environment of Rice Crop Under Enriched CO2. Advances in Crop
Environment Interaction, p.425.
3 Hofmann, J., Guan, D., Chalvatzis, K. and Huo, H., 2016. Assessment of electrical vehicles
as a successful driver for reducing CO2 emissions in China. Applied energy, 184, pp.995-
1003.

2REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
temperature of the climate that has been melting the iceberg increasing the water level of the
oceans. The air pollution is one of the reasons that people must take initiates in using less cars
that will help in the improvement of the condition of the environment. In order to reduce air
pollution it is necessary that there must be reduced in the number of private cars that will
help in reducing the amount of air pollution. The increase in the population is one of the
factor that has been degrading the condition of the environment. Hence, initiatives must be
taken by the people to reduce pollution with the reduction of use of private cars that will help
in the development of the air condition as well as decrease the air pollution and emission of
greenhouse gases like CO2.
There has a been a large number of animals being dead due to the increase of the CO2
in the environment. It is high time that the environment must take initiatives that will help in
the improvement of the condition of the nature. Excess exposal to carbon can lead to the
consumption of asphyxiation that can be dangerous as it is one of the element that has been
killing several animals and insects. The reduction of the level of oxygen in the environment
leads to the downfall of the condition of healthy atmosphere. In the oceans, there has been a
great amount of CO2 released that has been killing various animals. It is becoming difficult
for the fishes and aquatic animals that has been deploying the condition of the water due to
release of CO2 products in the environment4. Scientists have noticed that there has been
depletion in the condition of the plants. The main reason of depletion of the condition of
plants is the excess amount of CO2 present in the environment. The essay will help to
understand the necessity of reducing cars that has been depleting the condition of the
environment. Hence, it is high time that the government along with individuals must take
4 Shahbaz, M. and Sinha, A., 2019. Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: a
literature survey. Journal of Economic Studies.

3REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
initiatives that will help in the development of the condition of the environment. In the essay
there will be some steps mentioned that will help in the reduction of the use of petroleum5.
Development of the international frameworks has initiated considerable support that
will help in the improvement of the sustainability of the environment. The counties have a
long-term commitment to create a stable framework in the industry that will help in the
promotion of innovation and clearly benefit the consumers that will help in reducing the
purchasing price of the market6. The framework will provide with structure that will help in
the implementation of the effective environmental and economic structure that will help in
the improvement of the working and the progress of the government. Initiatives has been
taken to reduce the GHG emission that will help in the development of the condition of the
environment.
In order to develop the sustainability of the environment it is necessary that the people
must be made aware of the condition that has been leading due to the excess emission of the
CO2 from cars7. The government must firstly aware people of the consequences that has been
5 Vleugel, J.A.A.P. and Bal, F., 2018. The impact of a CO2 reduction target on the private car
fleet in the Netherlands. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 215, pp.109-
112.
6 Ayyildiz, K., Cavallaro, F., Nocera, S. and Willenbrock, R., 2017. Reducing fuel
consumption and carbon emissions through eco-drive training. Transportation Research Part
F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 46, pp.96-110.
7 Nami, H., Mahmoudi, S.M.S. and Nemati, A., 2017. Exergy, economic and environmental
impact assessment and optimization of a novel cogeneration system including a gas turbine, a
supercritical CO2 and an organic Rankine cycle (GT-HRSG/SCO2). Applied Thermal
Engineering, 110, pp.1315-1330.

4REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
leading to the degradation of the environment. In order to make people aware of the condition
the government must start to promote or campaign that will help in making people aware of
the consequences of CO2 release in the environment8. The campaign must promote that the
use of vehicles or cars has been increasing with the increase in the number of people that has
been leading to excess release of CO2 in the environment. People must be motivated to take
initiatives and provide them with alternatives that will reduce the excess use of vehicles.
Use of carpools will reduce the amount of pollution in the environment, as there will
be decrease in the number of the cars that will be used. Use of vehicles that are not using
fossil fuel will help in the reduction of the emission of carbon dioxide9. For instance, use of
rickshaw of or walking for short distance will help in reducing the use of cars. In spite of
using cars, using public transport will help in reducing the CO2 emission. Hence, promotion
of the consequences and making people more aware will help to reduce the CO2 emission.
Innovation and technology will help in the development of the condition. There has
been development of innovation and using innovation will help in the development of the
condition of the environment bringing in changes in the development. The factories and mills
that has been emitting excess gas must take initiatives10. Use of technology to reduce or filter
8 Fernández, Y.F., López, M.F. and Blanco, B.O., 2018. Innovation for sustainability: the
impact of R&D spending on CO2 emissions. Journal of cleaner production, 172, pp.3459-
3467.
9 Igliński, H. and Babiak, M., 2017. Analysis of the potential of autonomous vehicles in
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases in road transport. Procedia engineering, 192,
pp.353-358.
10 Fontaras, G., Zacharof, N.G. and Ciuffo, B., 2017. Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
from passenger cars in Europe–Laboratory versus real-world emissions. Progress in Energy

5REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
the gases will help in reducing the emission. There has been measures and structures
developed by the government that will help in the emission of excess greenhouse gases. In
order to reduce the greenhouse gas emission one must take initiatives that will help in the
development of the condition of the environment.
Small steps taken by the common people will help in a large quantity of greenhouse
gas emission in the environment. The cars must be used when it is required useless use of
vehicles will lead to the excess gas emission. Moreover, people must take care that the cap of
the gas is not leaking or is tight that will help in saving the gas or petroleum 11. It has been
identified that there has been loss of 147 million gallon oil due to leakage or evaporation.
While driving ensure that the car is running and not moving. Idling is a condition where the
car is stationary standing and the engine is on that will lead to more consumption of petrol.
The accelerated or steady break will also help in the saving more amount of oil. Sudden
breaks or acceleration leads to more consumption of oil12. Avoid situations that will lead to
excess consumption of oil. Finding routes that are not heavily jammed will help in saving a
large amount of oil. It will also reduce the number of brakes as well as acceleration. Maintain
the speed limit will also help in reducing the consumption of oil that will help in saving
petroleum. Cruise control will also help in reducing the wastage of excess petroleum13. Cruise
and Combustion Science, 60, pp.97-131.
11 Ottelin, J., Heinonen, J. and Junnila, S., 2017. Rebound effect for reduced car ownership
and driving. Nordic Experiences of Sustainable Planning: Policy and Practice, 263.
12 Didenko, N.I., Skripnuk, D.F. and Mirolyubova, O.V., 2017. Industry and environment:
modeling the global production impact on CO2. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 35, p.
01054). EDP Sciences.

6REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
control is measuring the constant velocity of the car will help in saving a large amount of
petroleum.
Making the car aerodynamic will help in the development of the condition of the
environment by saving a large amount of oil or fuel. For instance, removing the roof rack will
help in decreasing the weight of the car helping in fact moving or making the aerodynamic.
Closing the window of the car will help in making the car aerodynamic14. It will not be
creating a pressure on the car that will help in the reduction of the fuel that is being used.
Using less air conditioner when in the car will also reduce the fuel consumption reducing the
greenhouse gas. Keep a check on the air filters; removing the air filters will reduce the
consumption of fuels. As with the increase in the dirt in the air, filters will lead to more
consumption of petrol15. Tier inflammation is also an important factor that will help in the
reduction of emission of CO2 in the atmosphere16. With the low air in the tiers will make it
difficult for the cars to move whereas with a fully inflamed tier the car will be easy moving
13 Wadud, Z., MacKenzie, D. and Leiby, P., 2016. Help or hindrance? The travel, energy and
carbon impacts of highly automated vehicles. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and
Practice, 86, pp.1-18.
14 Zoundi, Z., 2017. CO2 emissions, renewable energy and the Environmental Kuznets Curve,
a panel cointegration approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 72, pp.1067-
1075.
15 Needell, Z.A., McNerney, J., Chang, M.T. and Trancik, J.E., 2016. Potential for
widespread electrification of personal vehicle travel in the United States. Nature Energy,
1(9), p.16112.
16 Liu, X. and Bae, J., 2018. Urbanization and industrialization impact of CO2 emissions in
China. Journal of cleaner production, 172, pp.178-186.

7REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
that will reduce the consumption of fuel as well as less emission of gases. Take initiatives to
make the car less weight that will help in reducing the oil consumption as the less weight the
car will be the more faster it will be moving moreover, there will be a less use of petrol 17.
Keeping a check on the spark plug, air filters, oxygen sensor, tires and fuel injection system
will reduce the consumption of fuel that will help in reducing the CO2 release in the
environment.
Hence, it can be concluded that the reduction of the petrol use will help in the
reduction of the emission of carbon dioxide. It will bring in changes in environment helping
to improve the quality of the air. There has been death of several microscopic organism that
are hardly counted. The excesses emission of greenhouse gases has been depleting the
condition of the environment bringing in changes in the climatic condition. It has not only
harming the environment but also human lifestyle. It is high time that initiatives must be
taken that will help in the development of the condition of the environment. With the increase
in the pollution in the air, there are acid rain taking place that has been depleting the
condition of the water bodies. CO2 emission is not only depleting the condition of the
environment but also the aquatic animals. Every individual must take measures that will help
in reducing the CO2 emission in the environment. Small steps will help in the development of
the condition of the environment and will help in less consumption of petrol that will
decrease the CO2. There has been various use of technologies that help in the decrease or
reduction of the use of petroleum. Technology has been also helpful in the decrease of the
pollution that will help in the improvement of the condition of the environment.
17 Dari, B. and Sihi, D., 2018. Future Environment of Rice Crop Under Enriched CO2.
Advances in Crop Environment Interaction, p.425.

8REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
Reference List
Adamczak, M., Kovacic-Lukman, R., Toboła, A., Tórz, M. and Cyplik, P., 2019. Role
Emission of IoT and Solutions Road Safety in Reducing in Car Rental CO2 and Car Sharing
Market. Integration of Information Flow for Greening Supply Chain Management, p.203.
Ayyildiz, K., Cavallaro, F., Nocera, S. and Willenbrock, R., 2017. Reducing fuel
consumption and carbon emissions through eco-drive training. Transportation Research Part
F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 46, pp.96-110.
Dari, B. and Sihi, D., 2018. Future Environment of Rice Crop Under Enriched CO2.
Advances in Crop Environment Interaction, p.425.
Didenko, N.I., Skripnuk, D.F. and Mirolyubova, O.V., 2017. Industry and environment:
modeling the global production impact on CO2. In SHS Web of Conferences (Vol. 35, p.
01054). EDP Sciences.
Fernández, Y.F., López, M.F. and Blanco, B.O., 2018. Innovation for sustainability: the
impact of R&D spending on CO2 emissions. Journal of cleaner production, 172, pp.3459-
3467.
Fontaras, G., Zacharof, N.G. and Ciuffo, B., 2017. Fuel consumption and CO2 emissions
from passenger cars in Europe–Laboratory versus real-world emissions. Progress in Energy
and Combustion Science, 60, pp.97-131.
Hofmann, J., Guan, D., Chalvatzis, K. and Huo, H., 2016. Assessment of electrical vehicles
as a successful driver for reducing CO2 emissions in China. Applied energy, 184, pp.995-
1003.
Igliński, H. and Babiak, M., 2017. Analysis of the potential of autonomous vehicles in
reducing the emissions of greenhouse gases in road transport. Procedia engineering, 192,
pp.353-358.

9REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
Liu, X. and Bae, J., 2018. Urbanization and industrialization impact of CO2 emissions in
China. Journal of cleaner production, 172, pp.178-186.
Nami, H., Mahmoudi, S.M.S. and Nemati, A., 2017. Exergy, economic and environmental
impact assessment and optimization of a novel cogeneration system including a gas turbine, a
supercritical CO2 and an organic Rankine cycle (GT-HRSG/SCO2). Applied Thermal
Engineering, 110, pp.1315-1330.
Needell, Z.A., McNerney, J., Chang, M.T. and Trancik, J.E., 2016. Potential for widespread
electrification of personal vehicle travel in the United States. Nature Energy, 1(9), p.16112.
Ottelin, J., Heinonen, J. and Junnila, S., 2017. Rebound effect for reduced car ownership and
driving. Nordic Experiences of Sustainable Planning: Policy and Practice, 263.
Shahbaz, M. and Sinha, A., 2019. Environmental Kuznets curve for CO2 emissions: a
literature survey. Journal of Economic Studies.
Shiraki, H., Matsumoto, K.I., Shigetomi, Y., Ehara, T., Ochi, Y. and Ogawa, Y., 2020.
Factors affecting CO2 emissions from private automobiles in Japan: The impact of vehicle
occupancy. Applied Energy, 259, p.114196.
Sinha, A. and Shahbaz, M., 2018. Estimation of environmental Kuznets curve for CO2
emission: role of renewable energy generation in India. Renewable Energy, 119, pp.703-711.
Vleugel, J.A.A.P. and Bal, F., 2018. The impact of a CO2 reduction target on the private car
fleet in the Netherlands. WIT Transactions on Ecology and the Environment, 215, pp.109-
112.
Wadud, Z., MacKenzie, D. and Leiby, P., 2016. Help or hindrance? The travel, energy and
carbon impacts of highly automated vehicles. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and
Practice, 86, pp.1-18.

10REDUCTION OF PETROL CONSUMPTION AND CO2 EMISSIONS OF PRIVATE CAR DRIVEN
Zoundi, Z., 2017. CO2 emissions, renewable energy and the Environmental Kuznets Curve, a
panel cointegration approach. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews, 72, pp.1067-
1075.