Relationship Between Leadership Styles and Employee Satisfaction

This study examines the relationship between leadership styles and employee satisfaction in the retail sector. It explores the impact of different leadership styles on employee performance and satisfaction, using Cycle & Carriage Berhad as a case study. The research aims to understand the concept of leadership styles and employee satisfaction, identify challenges faced by the company, and recommend measures to improve leadership style for employee satisfaction.

RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN
LEADERSHIP STYLES
AND EMPLOYEE
SATISFACTION

ABSTRACT
Leaders know how to attain goals and inspire people along with way. In the same way,
most effective leaders have one element in common and that is they able to keep their team
engaged. Similarly, the current study is also shed a light on different leadership styles and their
relationship with employee satisfaction. In a reality, it is very difficult for the company to engage
employees and manage the work by analysing the level of satisfaction. The current dissertation
also help to determine the significant relationship between employee's satisfaction and leadership
style and for that qualitative study is conducted in which researcher chooses 30 employees of
C&C Berhad who help to identify the leadership style opt by leader. Further, in the study, both
primary and secondary research has been conducted such that for primary, survey instrument is
used and findings suggested that there is a direct relationship between leadership style and
employee satisfaction. Different leadership style creates various impact upon organizational
performance and respondents are also happy with the working culture of employees because
leaders provide proper guidance to the employees when they face any challenges.

ACKNOWLEDGEMENT
I would like to extend my sincere and heartfelt obligation towards all the personage who
have helps me in this endeavour. So, first of all, I would like to thank my teacher and principle
who gave me this opportunity to perform the study.
Further, I would like to thank my guide for their valuable time and support for
completion of this project. I also extend my acknowledge with a deep sense of reverence to my
parents and member of my family who supported me morally and economically.
Last but not the least, I would like to thank my friends who directly and indirectly help
me to complete the project report.
Thanking you.

TABLE OF CONTENTS
TABLE OF CONTENTS..............................................................................................................4
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION....................................................................................................5
1.1 Background...........................................................................................................................5
1.2 Problem statement.................................................................................................................6
1.3 Aim and objective.................................................................................................................7
1.4 Research questions................................................................................................................7
1.5 Significance of the study.......................................................................................................7
1.6 Scope of the study.................................................................................................................9
CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW.......................................................................................12
2.1 Previous studies...................................................................................................................12
2.1.1 Project success criteria.....................................................................................................12
2.1.2 Importance or organization factors for business project..................................................13
2.2 Methodological issue..........................................................................................................28
2.3 Conceptual Framework.......................................................................................................30
CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY...........................................................................31
3.1 Theoretical framework........................................................................................................31
2.2 Methodological issues.........................................................................................................35
3.3 Data analysis.......................................................................................................................37
CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS................................................................................................43
CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION....................................................................70
5.1 Summary of main findings..................................................................................................70
5.5 Direction for future Research..............................................................................................74
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................78
Appendix........................................................................................................................................82
Questionnaire............................................................................................................................82
Title

“To examine the relation between the leadership style and the satisfaction of employees and its
impact over performance of company. A study on retail sector.”
CHAPTER 1: INTRODUCTION
1.1 Background
Leadership is defined as the art of directing and guising other people so that they can
work in effective manner in the direction of attaining goals of business. For the success of the
business the most important thing for the company is to have effective use of leadership (Kour
and Ashraf, 2018). This is necessary because of the reason that the leadership only directs the
employees that how they have to work within the company. The major reason underlying this
fact is that the leaders are the person who provides a vision to the company and helps the
company in making the policies and practices which will help the company in attaining the
business goals and vision. The leaders are the most important part in the success of the company
and if the leader will not be good then the company will not be able to work in proper manner.
Hence, it is necessary for the company to manage the leadership style in proper and
effective manner. The leadership style is defined as the pattern of leadership which the leader of
the company follows in order to give direction to the employees within the company. Thus, the
leadership style has a lot of impact over the employees and their performance. This is majorly
pertaining to the fact that if the involvement of the leader is very much then it might be possible
that the employees do not like it. This is due to the reason that more interference of the leader
within the operations of the company will not be liked by the employees of the company. This is
so because the role of leader is to make the policies and guide the employees. But if the leader
interferes to a great extent then the employees will not work in proper manner. Thus, the
employees will not be satisfied with the more involvement of the leader within the operations of
the company (Al-Sada, Al-Esmael and Faisal, 2017).
The chosen company for this report is Cycle & Carriage which is embark on a journey on
1899 and its main purpose is to become one of the top company at global level. Currently the
company provide retail services to other business after the sales service if Mercedes- Benz
vehicles. Also, the quoted firm is resilience to adapt and grow through unwavering commitment
to attain the excellence product and services. The present research will discuss about the
leadership style followed by the company and what is the impact of these leadership styles over

the performance and satisfaction level of the employees working in the company. This is very
necessary to study the impact of the leadership style over the employees of company because if
the employees will not be satisfied then they will not work up to their maximum potential. Hence
this will decrease the profitability of the company to a great extent (Asghar and Oino, 2017). It is
because if the leader will be much strict and work conscious then the employees will not be
comfortable working in such environment.
Hence, it is the responsibility of the leaders of the company to create the environment of
the company in such a manner that the employees of the company are very happy and satisfied
working within the company. Also, the leaders of company must not exercise much of the power
over the employees as this will demotivate the employees and they will not work in effective
manner. Also, there is a wide variety of leadership style which can be used by the leaders of
Cycle and Carriage Berhad. Also, all these leadership style has different impact over the
productivity and performance of the employees. This is majorly because of the reason that if the
leader will use the strict and rigid leadership styles then the employees will not be happy and
satisfied while working in the company.
On the other side if the leaders are too flexible and gives all the authority to the
employees then it might be possible that the employees become less caring towards the company
and can use more casual approach towards the company. Thus, there need to be balance between
the use of leadership style and the power which is given to the employees. This is because f there
will not be balance then anything can happen and the company may face huge losses. Thus, this
research will help the company in analysing the fact that if they exercise more of leadership over
the employees then what is the impact over their performance. Also, the company will come to
know about the fact that if more freedom is given to the employees than how this will impact the
performance of the employees and in which manner it will be impacted whether positive or
negative.
1.2 Problem statement
The major problem area of the research was to understand the relation between the
leadership used by the company and the satisfaction level of the employees. This problem is very
common in the current business environment as if the leaders are too harsh and strict then the
employees do not work with good efficiency. In the same manner if the leader is to friendly then
also the employees will not work in proper and effective manner. Thus, this is the major problem

and this will be identified with help of this research that which style of leadership will be more
beneficial for the company and whether people will like it or not.
1.3 Aim and objective
Aim
“To investigate the relationship among the selection of leadership style over the satisfaction of
employees and their performance. A study on Cycle & Carriage Berhad.”
Objectives
 To understand the concept of leadership styles and satisfaction of employees.
 To articulate the impact of leadership style over the performance and satisfaction of the
employees with respect to Cycle & Carriage Berhad.
 To identify the different challenges being faced by Cycle & Carriage Berhad at time of
satisfying the employees by using effective style of leadership.
 To recommend some of the measures to Cycle & Carriage Berhad in order to make
effective use of the leadership style in satisfying the employees within the workplace.
1.4 Research questions
1. What is the concept of leadership style and satisfaction of employees?
2. What is the impact of use of different leadership styles over the performance and
satisfaction of employees within company?
3. What are the major challenges which are being faced by company in satisfying the
consumers with their effective use of leadership styles?
4. What are some of the recommendation for the company to improve the use of leadership
styles to make the employees within the company more satisfied?
1.5 Significance of the study
The current study is related to the topic of relation among the leadership style and the
employees and their satisfaction. Thus, this current study is of significance to every person
working in the retail sector as well as the other companies. This is majorly because of the reason
that leadership is used in each type of business and every aspect of the business. This is because
without leadership not a single activity of the business can be carried on. Hence, for the success
of business and earning good amount of profit the most important thing is the effective use of
leadership.

Thus, this present report is of significance to Cycle & Carriage Berhad as the research is
conducted over the leadership style used by company and its impact over employee satisfaction
and performance. This is significant for the company because with this research they will come
to know that whether their leadership style is capable of satisfying the employees within the
company or not. If not then what corrective actions can the company take in order to maintain
the satisfaction level of the consumers (Jones and et.al. 2018). Also, this research is significant
for the competitors of the company because they can also apply these strategies and the
leadership style similar to Cycle & Carriage Berhad.
This is because of the fact that the competitors are also having same operations like Cycle
& Carriage Berhad. Thus, these competitors can also apply the same strategies and leadership
style as adopted by the leaders of Cycle & Carriage Berhad. Also, this research is significant to
the researchers who are also carrying on the research on the same topic or similar topic (Bekiari
and Ntakou, 2018). This is of significance to those researchers as they can use this research as
their base and can start the research in accordance with this research.
Rationale of study
The major reason behind researching on the issue of relation among leadership style and
employees satisfaction is that this is very interesting topic. This is an interesting topic because of
the fact that the whole organization and its operations are dependent over the working of the
leaders. This is because the leader is the one who directs the employees that in which direction
they have to work and how they have to operate.
Thus, this research will help the researcher in knowing that how the use of leadership
style will impact over the working of the employees within the company. Also, another major
reason is that this is a current issue faced by many of the companies that due to strict leadership
styles the employees are not satisfied working in the companies. Hence, there need to be a
research on this topic as this will help the researcher in outlining the fact that which style of
leadership is more helpful in the accomplishment of the research. In addition to this the
researcher also wants to know that what is the link between the leadership style and how it
impacts the working efficiency of the employees within the workplace.
One more important reason for the selection of this research topic is that this involves the
personal interest of the researcher as well. It means that the researcher also wants to know the
fact that how leadership style and the working capabilities of the employees are interconnected.

In addition to this another major reason behind the research is the academic interest of the
researcher (Alonderiene and Majauskaite, 2016). It means that this research is also related to the
course of the researcher and to gain good position in their course the researcher wants to conduct
the research on the topic of leadership style and the satisfaction of the employees.
1.6 Scope of the study
The scope of the study is enhance the knowledge and create awareness among readers so
that they will understand the importance of leadership and its relationship between employee
satisfaction. Therefore, from the study, it is determine that leadership ability and approach is
actually used to leverage their number one asset and this in turn assist to meet the define aim.
Also, with the help of the current study, researcher is able to let other companies know
that there is a strong relationship between employee satisfaction and leadership. It is so because
there are many companies who do not easily entertain the employees and even do not understand
the importance of employees for a firm. That is why, it is essential for the company to make sure
that with the help of leadership styles, employees morale is increased and it will directly help to
increase the level of satisfaction as well. Thus, if the leaders will not be effective and will not
work in proper manner then the employees will also not work in the intended and required
manner. So, it can be stated that competencies help the leaders to lead as coaches and with the
help of strong vision and effective strength, companies are able to meet the goals which in turn
assist the firm to attain further level of success.
Structure of the dissertation
Chapter 1: Introduction, this section provides the overview of entire dissertation and it
provides the reason and rationale for choosing the topic. Also, this overview also contains the
background of the topic, also describes the scope of the topic that will help to determine an entire
scenario of the study. In brief this introduction chapter provides the whole overview of the
research that is what the research is all about and how this research will be continued in order to
reach to some good and positive conclusions.
Chapter 2: Literature review, this chapter helps to critically evaluate the author’s point of view
with regards to the chosen topic. Also, this sector uses all the books and journals related to the
topic and critically evaluate different author’s point of view. This section also reflects the
opinion of all the authors who actually provide their views with relation to the selection of
leadership style over the employee satisfaction. Under this, different themes are made by using

objectives that will help to meet the define aim and objectives. Thus, the views of different
authors with help of books and journals, articles and all other secondary source of information
are used and the data relating to the themes are written.
Chapter 3: Research Methodology, this section helps to determine, select and analyze the
information about a topic. That is why, this section is consider one of the most important chapter
throughout the dissertation because it helps to critically evaluate the overall validity as well as
reliability. This section comprises of different key element such that research philosophy,
research approach, strategy, data collection methods, data analysis method, sampling and ethical
considerations. All these methods need to be discussed as there are many different methods of
research. So it is necessary for the researcher to clear all the research methods which will be
helpful in completing the research. Thus, this section of the dissertation help the researcher in
listing out all the methods which will be used in the accomplishment of the whole research.
Research type: Scholar has selected quantitative research type to conduct dissertation. Reason
behind the same it will become much easier for scholar to present the data in numeric, as a result
scholar has decided to go with quantitative research type.
Research approach: deductive research approach has been selected by the scholar in the study,
reason behind the same is identified that it used to provide the crucial hand of support for the
qualitative research type.
Research Philosophy: Interpretivism philosophy has been selected by the company to carry out
the outcome of dissertation. Reason behind the same is identified that it will also help the
company in understanding the human interest which is involved in the process of dissertation.
Data Collection: Different data will be collected with the help of both primary as well as
secondary data collection tool. Primary data will be collected by conducting the survey in the
organization with the help of questionnaire. Secondary data will be collected with the help of
going through different journals and books related to the topic of the dissertation.
Sampling: For this dissertation scholar has selected 30 employee with the help of sample random
sampling, as scholar wants to give all respondent a fair chance to be selected in the sample size
which has been decided.
Data analysis: Different information will be analyzed with the help of thematic data analysis
tool. By taking help of this tool different data will be presented with the help of different graph
and table to make data more reliable.

Ethical consideration: Scholar has make sure that consent of different respondent has taken
before hand itself to collect different information from the market. Also scholar has make sure
that there is high level of confidentiality is maintain in process of carrying out dissertation.
Chapter 4: Data Analysis, under this section, proper inspecting, cleansing and modelling data
with a goal of discovering the useful information is done. Through this chapter, researcher
describe the opinion and selected sample’s point of view by answering the question. Through
this chapter, researcher present all the findings in the form of data, charts and themes so that it
will help to clearly determine the views of all the selected samples. Also, this chapter assist
researcher to determine whether the aim and objectives are meet or not and all the research
questions are answered in proper manner or not.
Chapter 5: Discussion and conclusion, Another chapter of dissertation whose main purpose is
to interpret as well as describe the significance of entire findings that helps to determine whether
the research problem is being investigated or not. Thus, this will help to explain new
understanding as well as insights that emerged as a result in the study problem. Also, through
this section, researcher will try to support the findings with the help of literature review findings
so that it will verifies whether the aim and objectives of the research are met or not.
Along with this, last chapter of dissertation which clearly provide the summary of the
dissertation. Such that this chapter divided into two parts, i.e. in conclusion section, researcher
will summarize entire results and provide last statement which clearly identify whether the
research objectives are met or not. Further, under second part i.e. recommendation in which
researcher suggest the ways through which the selected company may opt in order to improve
their performance and this is also pertaining to topic as well. Also, researcher recommends
future options which will also help to conduct the same study in better manner in near future.

CHAPTER 2: LITERATURE REVIEW
Introduction
Literature review is that scholarly source which is related to particular topic and questions.
Therefore, it is consider one of the most important part of the dissertation and thesis which is
directly related to secondary analysis. So it is also analysed that this is used in order to situate the
entire work in relation to the existing knowledge and under this section, researcher also uses
models and theories which in turn assist to meet the define aim and objectives. Such that
different articles and books are used related to topic which in turn assist to accomplish the define
aim and objectives. Also, the current section describe different leadership style such that
situational, contingency, transformational and transaction style, democratic and autocratic style
which in turn assist to meet the define aim and objectives. Further, this section also help to
determine the impact of using best leadership style and its impact upon the employee
performance as well (Luu, 2020). Along with this, section describe the challenges which are used
to determine how the leadership style dissatisfy the employee and their performance as well.
Also, the literature review section also allow the researcher to get clear idea related to
previous research with regards to leadership and its impact upon the business. Therefore, the
section also describe how the proposed research is actually related to prior research and also
shows originally the relevance of the research problem as well. Therefore, it further help to
justify the methodology which in turn leads to conduct the research in more precise manner.
2.1 Previous studies
2.1.1 Project success criteria
In accordance with the above selected articles, it is analysed that most of the articles are
based upon the leadership style and their impact upon the industry. So, it is realized that
leadership styles plays an important role in the success of the company such that there are many
adverse situation and it is clearly depended upon the leader to control the situation and prepare
the employees in order to meet the define aim without any error. Also, for each section, proper
schedule is define which assist to determine the exact results. Even the secondary sources which
are selected by the researcher are latest published and they all assist scholar to examine the best
leadership styles which are used by the leaders in order to meet the define aim and objectives.

In addition to this, researcher ensure that through the secondary sources, it is easy to
examine the best leadership style which is used by the leader and determine the challenges which
in turn assist to examine whether it leads to employee satisfaction or not. Also, to determine the
success criteria, quality of the data collection methods should be ensured because it will affect
the overall results in opposite manner. But under literature review section, it is analysed that with
the help of best articles, researcher is able to examine the relationship between the leadership
style and employee satisfaction.
Majority of the articles are related to secondary research and this leadership style also
affect the results in positive manner. Such that through the selected article, researcher is able to
meet the define aim and also analyse that with the help of leadership style, company is able to
encourage employees which in turn assist to meet the define aim and objectives with a define
time frame. The project success criteria is also measure by analysing that project is applicable to
the end customers and stakeholder. Such that the report main aim is to determine the relationship
between leadership style and its impact upon the performance of a company which is only
possible when the leader of a company are easily uses the best leadership style as per the define
situation. Hence, this is possible only when the researcher select the articles which clearly
determine the importance of using effective leadership style that assist to solve many complex
problem and attain the define aim in better manner.
2.1.2 Importance or organization factors for business project
Theme 1: Leadership style
Introduction
Leadership style are generally defines as the style which are generally adopted by different
leader and used to implement in the organization in a way that it used to help them in driving the
performance of different employee in a way that the personal or the employee interest objective
of the business is linked in a way that it used to help the company in achieving the organizational
goal of the business as well. Nguyen and et.al., (2017) used to highlights that leadership style is
one of the core power which is possess by different leader in the organization, with the use of the
same only different leader used to carry out different operation in an organization. There are
many different type of leadership style which is generally used by different leaders in the
organization. This generally used to help the company in getting best out of the employee of the

organization. Also it used to help the company in satisfy the satisfaction of different employee in
an organization.
Democratic Leadership style:
Li and et.al., (2016) in the published paper highlights that democratic leadership style is
the leadership style in the organization in which leader of the organization used to work with
different employee in the organization to understand what the issue which is faced by the
employee in the organization. On the basis of the same different decision are being taken place in
the organization. This eventually used to help the company in getting best out of all the
employee as all the employee always desire to have their point of view in different decision as
well and in leadership style view point of different employee are also being considered by the
organization.
This leadership style encourages the team members for participating in decisions that
needs to be made. It created a form, of the shared leadership within which each and every group
member is been invited for sharing the knowledge, opinion and an experience about the project
or the situation. On the basis of the feedback heard, leader would make necessary and suitable
decisions. Such leadership style allows for generating new ideas that needs to be shared openly
and freely with the premises without getting judged by anyone. Leaders make use of this style
for getting diverse set of the creative ideas that incorporate perspectives of others..
On the other hand, this particular style can cause problems of is not applied properly as in
this it is possible that some leaders might choose opinion of one person over rest of team on
constant basis often for the valid reasons. When this occurs, the other members of the team might
have seen as demotivated, and they feel that their opinion and the experiences does not matter

which stops them in sharing their views in the future. This causes disharmony and some people
feel as under valued and thus reduced the productivity of an enterprise.
Moreover, it helps in building better team based relationship for forming closer
relationships with those who are in charge. The staff feels harmony, belonging which helps them
in solving the complex problems in an effective and efficient manner. It also helps the firm in
achieving growing success in overall industry and market.
Autocratic leadership style
On the other hand in the published paper Popli and Rizvi, (2017) explain that autocratic
leadership style is another leadership style which is generally used by leaders in the organization.
This is the leadership style in which all the decision are being taken by the leader at the top and
used to divert the different decision to the employee in the organization. This eventually used to
help the different employee in understanding the different decision more adequately in the
organization this eventually used to help the organization in maximizing the level of employee
satisfaction in the organization. As generally all the decision in the organization are made by the
leader with the help of their expertise. This eventually used to help the leader in improving the
decision making in the organization. Also, this used to help the companies leader in getting good
hand of support from different employee of an organization. As this leadership style used to flow
good communication in the organization, this eventually used to help the company employee in
getting good clarity this eventually used to help them in getting better satisfaction in an
organization.
Situational Leadership
In the published paper Alonderiene and Majauskaite, (2016) explain that the most commonly and
more reliable leadership style is the situational leadership style in the organization. This
leadership style used to look at using many different type of leadership style in the organization
depending upon the different situation which is prevailing in the market. As it has been
highlighted that there is no leadership style which is universally correct and can be adopted in all
the cirmstance. So the best leader is the one who used to use variety of different type of
leadership style in the organization. These types of leadership style are always preferred by the
employee and help them in getting batter satisfaction in the organization. As with the help of the
same all the employee in the organization is able to get the treatment which they desire in the
organization. Also all the employee also feels more clarity in this type of leadership style.

Nguyen and et.al., (2017) highlights that there are many more different type leadership
style which are also used by different leaders in the organization. Contingency is one of such
type of leadership style which is also used by different leaders in the organization to influence
the work of different employee in better way in an organization.

Laissez-Faire leadership style
As per Bertsch and et.al (2017), under the Laissez-Faire leadership style, the leader
provides full freedom to its subordinates in respect to acting on own their own. The leader
explains and defines the goals and objectives to be achieved along with negative consequences of
the actions and then everything is left on the team members with respect to carrying out the
process for accomplishment of the goals. under this leadership style. The leader tends to form
relation with outsiders in order to bring the relevant data and information which will be useful
for the team members in for completely their task effectively. The team members are allotted
with power and authority for taking decisions which they seem fit in a particular situation. But
the leader has to take the responsibility of their action if it gets wrong. This form of leadership is
completely based on the trust. The main objective of this leadership style is to make a strong
team. This form of leadership is beneficial only in the case when the team members are highly
skilled, self-motivated and has the capability to carry out the task.
Besides the number of advantages, it has, there are some downsides as well. It is not ideal
in the situation where the team members are not highly qualified and experienced for dealing
with the complex business problems. By using this leadership style, may cause poor performance
level, lower effectiveness of the leader along with the less team satisfaction level. As stated by
Chang (2017), there can be situation when the team members may not be able to complete the
task in the given time frame or even manage the things on their own. These things can cause
project going off track and the main reason for the same is not providing proper guidance and
feedback to the team members. Another limitation is that it may lead to poor and unclear defined
job roles within the team as little or no guidance is provided from the leaders which makes team
members unsure about what is to be job and how it is supposed to be done.
All these limitations associated with the Laissez-Faire leadership style makes it look not
effective and good going until and unless the team leader and the team members are at the right
place and position.
Affiliative leadership style
As per the published paper Idris and et.al (2016), the affiliative leadership style is
described as “People come first”. In this the leader focusses on the establishing and building a
close relationship with the people. The leaders pay attention to the needs and the requirements of
the group members in terms of emotional needs. There is a strong communication skill that the

leader has. They define everything very clearly in respect to the task such s what is to be done.
They put emphasis on the positive feedback of the employees for creating success. An affiliative
leaders core characteristic is that they are very confident, maintains a positive environment and
attitude and also embraces creativity and innovation. Such leaders are also very committed
towards building an environment committed towards producing a consistent outcome that help in
improving the quality of working environment for all the team members. Feedback is the most
important factor in this leadership style. According to Ullah, Kiran and Liu (2019), they are very
quick in providing feedback to the team especially in the situation where the employee wants to
go above and beyond their given set of responsibilities. Such leaders tend to avoid conflicts.
They are proactive in understanding the relationships. Also, the leaders are effective in finding a
unique solution to the complex business problems which helps in maximizing the productivity of
the team members in every given situation.
On the other hand, as the team leader relies on the integrity and the self-discipline of each
team member for maximizing the productivity levels. In vase, if the team leader allows any of
the underperforming team member go unchecked and with proper feedback then there are
chances that other group members tend to do the same. While focusing on the welfare of the
employees there are chances that the leader might lose the vision and the mission of the entity
which is the main job responsibility of the leader.
Coaching leadership style
As per Yanovska, Baldzhy and Fayvishenko (2019), the coaching leadership style is the
new form of style which is associated with providing guidance. Unlike autocratic leadership
style, the coaching leaders works on finding out the one best out of his whole team. The leader is
not the coach but is required to have the coaching skills. Such type of leadership style gives rise
to the valuable insight which are further analyzed. This is mainly done by giving and receiving
proper and timely feedback and also by having a motivational conversation. The coaching
attitude of the leader helps in ensuring that the subordinates are working autonomously with full
dedication and hard work which is focused towards the common goals of the organization. The
team members used to work independently which makes them feel supported and involved in the
task. This style is mainly suitable for the independent team members.
The core requirement of this leadership style is the competency level of the leader along
the relevant skills. As emphasized by Knights (2018), the employees in the team can call the

leader in case of any problem that may arise, even employees can discuss their private issues
with leaders. The sensitive matters such as financial problems or the relationship problems, can
be handled intact and with professionalism which helps in creating a safe environment for the
employees. Thus, for this reason, it becomes very crucial for the leader under coaching
leadership style requires to have integrity. The only disadvantage of this style is that it will
become useless and pointless if the team members does not feel motivated towards work and
does not invest any effort in self-growth and development.
Theme 2: Impact of leadership style over performance and employee satisfaction
According to Eide, Saether and Aspelund (2020) if the company’s leader uses best
leadership style then it will creates positive impact upon the employee performance and this in
turn assist to greater positive effect on the employee performance and also take better decision in
the favour of the company. In the same way, if the company’s leader uses autocratic leadership
style, then it creates negative impact upon the company’s employees such that this style actually
affect their performance in opposite way. Also, workers also feel alone and helpless because they
are treat as a machine, that is why, to take proper care of the employees, it is necessary for the
leaders to change their leadership style so that it will help to create positive impact upon the
company’s performance.
On the other side, it is also analysed by Hamid and et.al., (2020) that leader opt
democratic leadership style then it is one of the most effective style which helps employees to
feel valued and also give a sense of ownership their position and this in turn assist too motivate
their high productivity as well. Thus, it is clearly reflected by author that there is a positive
relationship between leadership style and the performance of an employee so that it will assist to
lead a business towards positive manner. Also, Gracia, and et.al., (2020) Stated that using
effective leadership style will assist to attain the define aim and objectives and it leads to affect
the overall behaviour of the employees which in turn assist to creates positive impact upon the
overall performance of the company.
A research conducted by Jing, Avery and Bergsteiner (2020) shows that there a direct
relationship between leadership style and organizational as well as employee performance such
that study reveals that if employees are satisfied only when the leaders uses the best effective
strategy that will help to minimize the issue. On the other side, Lyubovnikova and et.al., (2017)

argued that if company uses transformation and transactional leadership style then it also create
positive impact upon the employee performance such that this theory main motive is to increase
the performance and motivation among employees. That is why, author also stated that one of
the key factor which affect the employee performance within a work is motivation. For this
reason, leaders and their leadership style plays a crucial role such that if they provide
motivational things to their employees and realize that they are also an important part for the
company then it will help to minimize the issue and increases their satisfaction level as well. On
the other side, it is also evaluated that transactional leader emphasise that leaders needs to
identify the needs of employees in order to attain the company’s overall aim and objectives.
In addition to this, it is also analysed that transactional leader have to focus on the
completion of organization tasks and also to motivate the subordinates, the leaders have to rely
heavily towards a reward system as well as punishment of their employees. It is so because
motivation is the only factor or a result of engagement in order to fulfil the needs. So, Mumford
and et.al., (2017) Stated that transformational leadership style do affect the employee
performance in both positive as well as negative manner. On contrary, it is analysed that through
the effective transactional leadership style, leaders are able to attract the subordinate to perform
and also attain the desired outcomes through promising rewards and benefits. In addition to this,
9it is also analysed by Nguyen and et.al., (2017) that the behaviour of thee leaders are also based
upon the leadership style of a leader and that is why, it is necessary for the company to make
sure that their leader uses the best leadership style that leads to creates positive impact upon
them.
In accordance to Flabbi and et.al., (2019), autocratic leadership style is that when
mangers retain the much power and decision making and this in turn affect the employees in
negative manner. Such that manager did not value to their employees and this in turn affect the
overall relationship of the employees upon opposite manner. By adopting this leadership style ,
leader of the top company did not consult with others with regards to decision making and this in
turn affect the overall performance and employees do not willingly put their 100% efforts to
attain the overall objectives. That is why, it is essential for the company to ensure the leadership
style that do not create negative impact upon the employee performance and make sure to satisfy
the needs of the subordinate as well. In the same way, it is also analysed by Dhar (2016) that
laissez- faire leadership style which also creates negative impact upon the overall performance

such that this style associated with the unproductiveness and dissatisfaction, while on the other
side other leadership style do not creates such negative impact upon the business performance.
That is why, most of the company did not use this method because it creates opposite impact
upon the business performance and this in turn affect the overall company’s and not meet the
define aim and objectives as well.
In addition to this, the leadership style help to increase the morale of employees so that
they will easily enhance their performance in order to meet company define aim and objectives.
For instance, leader of Cycle & Carriage Berhad also uses the best leadership style so that it
will nit creates any negative impact upon business such that democratic leadership style as well
as contingency leadership style so that the employees do not face any difficulties for their
success path. Hence, it is clear that by adopting best leadership style, the company will easily
create brand image of the company and also meet the define aim and objectives as well. That is
why, leadership plays an important role in the success of a business and develop some skills
among employees as well. Overall it also leads to satisfy the need of the employees which in
turn assist to increase the overall performance of the company as well.
Sehar & Alwi, (2019) sought to determine the fact that, imposing of the effective
leadership style within the organization is considered to be highly significant because it is highly
significant in improving the performance of an employee. It helps the employees to exert
extreme amount of effort in order to carry out all the tasks in a significant and relevant manner.
Leadership style within the company is highly beneficial because it tends to largely affect and
influence the morale of the employees. It is also very useful in increasing the productivity and
speeds up the decision making procedure. An effective leadership style within the company is
very significant because it is useful in analysing key problems, consider effective set of
alternatives, assessing the skills of the subordinates and also taking informed level of choices.
For example, the leader and manger of the Cycle & Carriage Berhad in turn is highly responsible
for effectively carrying out various set of motor operations which helps in the better attainment
of the aims and objectives of the organization. It tends to provide the best possible quality
customer service to the customers which eventually leads to better results and outcomes.
Pawirosumarto, Sarjana & Gunawan, (2017) argued that, leaders who in turn tends to adopt
Laissez faire leadership style within the within the organization is not considered to be effective.
It does not tend to provide appropriate feedback to the followers. The leader also do not use

rewards and various other tools which eventually affects the satisfaction level of the employees.
The employees of the organization are highly dissatisfied, inefficient and unproductive at the
work. When the leaders of the organization does not establish clear set of priorities and also
focuses on effectively establishing the different metrics. This in turn eventually leads to
dysfunctional activities within the organization. However, autocratic style of leadership is also
not considered to be significant because it eventually leads to low degree of employee morale.
Here, the leaders and management of the company does not take any set of input from the
subordinate which lowers their morale productivity within the organization. It also leads to high
degree of absenteeism among the employees and also leads to decreased level of employee
retention.
Alonderiene, & Majauskaite (2016) investigated that, integration of the effective
leadership style within the organization eventually helps in empowering and inspiring the greater
ability of the individual which largely influences the action of the team. An effective leadership
style within the organization is considered to be highly significant because it helps in satisfying
the needs of the employees within the organization in turn also leads to the development of the
trust and loyalty. Effective leadership style is considered to be highly significant because it leads
to improve in team performance and eventually leads to greater productivity. An effective
leadership style within the organization tends to result in high degree of increased morale,
improvement in the decision-making matrices, increases in the productivity, etc. Use of the
commanding leadership style within the organization is very useful because the leader help in
establishing clear set of distinction within the superior and subordinates.
Manning, (2016) sought to establish the fact that, use of democratic leadership style
within the organization is considered to be highly significant because it is very significant in
assessing the key inputs linked with the subordinates. This way it results in better decision
making. Democratic leadership style is very useful because it helps in encouraging feedback and
taking suggestions from the subordinates in order to encourage better decision making.
Employees within the organization tends to feel highly empowered and tends to take better set of
decision within the organization which leads to higher operational growth and sustainability. On
the contrary, within the laissez fair leadership style, the superior tends to delegate all the
responsibility to the subordinates. The member of the organization must effectively take decision
quickly which leads to the improvement within the decision making process. It is considered to

be very significant because it helps in effectively carrying out the various functions within the
organization. An effective leadership style tends to highly focus on setting clear set of direction
which h helps in ensuring that, subordinates largely focuses on aligning their key objectives to
the strategic plan. For example, in order to ensure high degree of customer satisfaction within
the company, a successful leader within the organization tends to largely focus on effectively
eliminating any set of activity which in turn does not result in increasing the benefit to the
customers. Effective leadership style integration within the organization in turn eventually leads
to gathering comprehensive set of requirement and it also helps in effectively optimizing the
process in order to make high degree of money.
Al-Harthy & Yusof, (2016) examined the fact that, coaching style of leadership is useful
because it will help in safeguarding and encouraging subordinates within the organization. It
eventually helps the company for the long period of time and results in greater employee
retention, higher job satisfaction and increased morale of the employees. Participative leadership
style is considered to be highly significant in order to improve the performance of the employees.
This type of leadership is considered to be very useful because it helps in figuring out the best
possible way to accomplish the strategic goals and objectives of the organization. This results in
decreased errors, increased degree of customer satisfaction and minimizing waste. Participative
leaders in turn tends to highly focus on effectively promoting diversity and cultural awareness.
This way it helps in significantly improving the productivity which helps in creating value for
the employees within the organization.
Theme 3: Different challenges face by company with regards to satisfy the employee by
using leadership style
lack of communication
In accordance with. Muterera and et.al., (2018) there are some of the most common
challenge which top company face and there is a need to overcome the issue because it will
cause negative impact upon the business performance as well. Such that lack of communication
is the biggest challenge that creates negative impact upon the employee. Like, if the leader do not
have any ability to communicate with people around them then it affect the entire business in
opposite manner. Even it is not easy for the leaders to be transparent with regards to the aim and
objectives of the company as well as the plan. Therefore, if there is no two- way communication

then it definitely creates negative impact upon the business which in turn affect the performance
and leads to unsatisfied to the employees as well.
On the other side, Sturm, Vera and Crossan (2017) argued that change management is the
biggest challenge that affect the overall business of the company. As change management and
leadership management are consider two interrelated challenge which most of the organization
actually faces. Under this, the biggest challenge is to accept thee change by leaders and also
understand the same to their employees and this situations affect entire strategies in opposite
manner. As every top company is accept to change only if the company is have top leaders and
their abilities will help to develop the best strategy as well. In addition to this this, Luu (2020)
stated that it the duty of a leader to manage the conflicts and develop growth opportunities for
the employees so that it will not cause any negative impact upon the business. But now, it is also
become a challenge for the leaders in order to keep satisfy the employees with limited
opportunity. Moreover, through this, it is analysed that the challenge under this is to understand
every employee’s talent and abilities in order to show them a proper direction for growth
professionally. But it is not possible for the leaders and that is why, it become a key issue for
them.
It is clearly stated by Eide, Saether and Aspelund (2020) that if the leader do not have any
skills that will assist to manage the thee change then it is not possible that leadership style help to
keep satisfy the employees and leads them towards positive direction. For that company develop
effective training session which in turn assist to manage the work and lead their employees
towards positive manner. Further, it is analysed that if the leaders do not possesses strong skills
then it creates negative impact upon employees and not even possible to remain satisfied to their
employees as well. That is why, it is essential for the company to have strong communication
skill so that it will not cause any negative impact upon the business and help to let understand
their employees in better manner. So, by proper balancing between the use of leadership style
and the power which is given to employees is consider a good strategy for overcoming the issue
On the other hand, Hamid and et.al., (2020) also argued that if the company’s leader
adopt autocratic leadership style then it will definitely create a challenge within a firm such that
leaders do not involve employees and this in turn decision are taken by managers only. Overall
at that time, it is not easy for the company to handle the employee retention and most of the
employees leaves their job. In order to overcome such situation, there is a need to manage the

working environment in positive manner so that it will leads to satisfy the employees needs and
maintain the relationship a between employee and company. Gracia and et.al., (2020) present
their own views such that if opting wrong leadership style will also lead to conflicts and internal
politics. Also, in order to manage the issue there is a need to developing the resolution skill and
this also require to creates positive impact as well upon the employee performance. Therefore, at
that time, they may use situational leadership style so that it will not cause any negative impact
upon the business and this in turn affect the overall performance and leads to satisfy their
employees as well.
So, it is reflected that most of employees leave their job because of not getting proper
working environment and support from their leaders. At that time, leadership style plays a crucial
role because only leaders provide comfort zone to their employees in order to manage the overall
working performance, there is a need to change the leadership style so that it will not cause any
negative impact upon the business overall performance. Also, there are many situation when
leadership style may affect the business for example, if Cycle & Carriage Berhad wants to launch
new product at that time, it is the duty of the leader to let employee aware about the new things
and motivate them to enhance their productivity level so that it will not cause any negative
impact upon the success path. To support the same, Jing, Avery and Bergsteiner (2020) also
stated that there is a need to manage the work and opt the best leadership style i.e. situational
leadership style which in turn affect the overall performance and assist to manage the work as
well. Also, it is reflected that there is a positive relationship between the performance and
leadership style such that if the employees are performing good which reflect that they are
getting positive working environment and this turn affect the overall performance of company in
positive manner as well.
Alonderiene, & Majauskaite, (2016) sought to determine the fact that, misunderstanding
and conflicts within the team members is considered to be one of the biggest challenge within the
organization. Delegating work responsibility to the subordinates is considered to be as one of the
biggest challenge. It is very challenging for the management to understand the key skills and
capabilities of the employees of the organization in order to delegate task as per their skill and
knowledge. Emergency situations cannot be effectively predicted because the business
environment has been changing continuously. This in turn largely affects the operations of the
business. Sehar & Alwi, (2019) argued that, one of the key significant challenge while

integrating leadership style within the organization are to listen to every individual's opinion and
come to a mutually beneficial solution to the problem. It is very crucial to be impartial within the
workers and listen to each other's opinion in order to reach a mutually conclusive point. It is very
crucial to win trust of the employees. Hence, it is considered to be as one of the biggest challenge
to work together as a team. Integration of ineffective leadership style within the organization in
turn leads to increase in the employee turnover, wastage in time, high employee absenteeism,
decreased level of productivity, poor safety conditions, departmental conflicts, low morale of the
employees, rotten attitude, poor relationship between senior and subordinates, decreased level of
productivity, etc. are considered to be as the key effective measure which tends to result in
unsatisfied employees within the organization.
Pawirosumarto, Sarjana & Gunawan, (2017) investigated that, scarcity of funds and lack
of project is one of the key biggest challenge which has been faced by the leader. Financial
crunch and non- availability of the projects is very challenging because it tends to result in low
degree of productivity and profitability while carrying out the business operations. Leader not
able to maintain effective relation with the client which results in non-availability of the projects.
Handling key conflicts among the employees is also very challenging while implicating
leadership style within the organization. Favouritism, discrimination and prejudice within the
organization is also the key significant issue which in turn eventually leads to unsatisfied
employees within the company. Financial crunch leads to employees not getting their salary
which is one of the key prominent factor which in turn tends to largely affect the employee
morale and leads to low degree of productivity within the organization. Managing people within
the organization with diverse culture and capabilities is considered to be as one of the key
challenging issues which has been faced by integrating the best leadership practice.
Chandra, (2016) sought to establish the fact that, lack of support from the subordinates is
another biggest challenge which has been faced by the company. The employees of the
organization not providing required level of support at the time of need is highly challenging
completing the project and meeting the deadlines. The leaders within the organization is not able
to command to effectively carry out the work in a significant and reliable manner. It is very
crucial for the team members in effectively attaining the various results and outcomes by giving
instructions to the subordinates in an effective and reliable manner. Disrespectful behaviour of

the employees towards the boss or superior is considered to be highly challenging which in turn
largely affects the implication of the effective leadership style within the organization.
Pawirosumarto, Sarjana & Gunawan, (2017) examined the fact that, inspiring other
individuals within the organization is considered to be highly challenging which in turn largely
affects the business operations. Lack of responsibility of the employees and no initiative by the
employees is considered to be highly challenging within the organization. Problem managing the
diverse peers is also one of the key challenging task among the employees of the organization
while integrating the best style of leadership. This also results in high degree of mistakes within
the organisation which in turn lowers the employee morale. Implication of laissez-faire
leadership style within the organization is considered to be highly challenging because it tends to
downplay the role of the leader. It also reduces the cohesiveness of the group and also changes
how the accountability has been managed within the organization. The employees of the
organization can abuse and it also allows leaders to not comply with the leadership skills within
the organization. However, it is considered to be not appropriate leadership style for the better
functioning of the organization.
From the previous research it is analysed that with the help of effective leadership style,
company is able to examine the results in the terms of performance and this in turn assist to
sustain the brand image of the firm in better manner. Also, the study further observe that
leadership style not create direct impact upon the company performance but it also assist to
increase employee performance as well. So, it is stated that with the help of effective leadership
style, C&C Berhad should also determine the loopholes of the company and then take action in
order to minimize the challenges. The company also faces many issue in order to satisfy the need
of employees but during this time, leadership style also plays an important role in the success of
the company so that it will help to raise the brand image of the firm in positive manner. Also, it
is stated that C&C Berhad uses different theories and model which in turn assist to encourage
the employees so that they will help the leader and managers to meet the define aim within a
specified time frame.
Research gap:
In accordance with the above table, it is analysed in the first theme that the article
selected by the researcher assist to determine different leadership styles used by the company's
leader, However, this article tends to be highly focused on real life example which assist the

researcher to clearly understand the situation of leaders and their role in the success of a firm.
As article clearly determine the key concept of many leadership styles and this in turn assist to
meet the define aim and objectives in better manner. But the article lack critical evaluation
because it assist the reader to understand the actual cons which company bear in future while
adopting this leadership style.
Further in next theme, researcher select the article which assist to determine the impact of
leadership style upon the employee performance. Most of the articles only provide positive
impact upon the company's performance, so the key significant gap associated with the study is
to determine the correlation between the leadership style and employee satisfaction which is
possible only when study provide provide both positive and negative impact. Hence, it is realized
that if the selected articles provide exact results by conducting a study on specific companies,
then it will easily determine the outcomes and relationship between these factors in better
manner.
2.2 Methodological issue
It is refer to the methodological issue which actually arises specifically with trying to
understand researcher uses different technologies in order to meet the define aim. In the same
way, while conducting the literature review, it is analysed that assessing effectiveness is consider
the biggest issue such that there are many journals which do not provide exact conclusion and
this in turn affect the results. That is why, it become difficult for the researcher to conclude exact
results and also, there are many research which do not creates proper research agendas and
determine many gaps which affect the results in opposite manner as well. On the other side, the
selected articles are also not imply with the technologies which means researcher do not use
advance technologies which also affect the results in positive manner. Further, this is also
consider an issue that affect the overall performance of the research in opposite manner. As,
researcher also determine the issue which is directly affect the literature review section in
negative manner. Even there are many gaps which indirectly affect the conclusion.
In addition to this, it is further analysed that there are different theories used by the
researcher in which it is examine that leadership plays an important role in the success of the
company. But, unfortunately, it is clearly determine that with the help of different theories and
models, leaders understand the situation and apply the same in order to determine the loophole of
a company and encourage the employees for further development. On the other side, it is realized

that the effective of the selected articles is good but there are some areas which somehow affect
the results, this lead to affect the feasibility of conducting certain kind of studies. On the other
side, the propensity matching approaches is consider another methodological issue under this
research in which researcher faces issue of not matching the methodologies within the define
topic. Hence, it is analysed that with the help of propensity matching, it will be easy for the
selected participants to ensure that there will be no difference between the data otherwise it will
affect the results in opposite manner.
In addition to this, it is also examine that most of the articles are qualitative in nature but
choosing quantitative study's article are more beneficial for the researcher in order to collect the
information. It is so because qualitative methodology is only based upon the themes and own
perception of the selected sample size, which is not possible under quantitative study. That is
why, it is reflected that using quantitative study over qualitative, researcher determine the
relationship between two variables because it is completed depend upon the application which is
used by the researcher in order to meet the define aim. Even as per the current study, researcher
is also determine the relationship between leadership style and employee satisfaction. Hence, this
relationship is generated by using quantitative research methodology in which different test are
used to analyse the significance relationship between the dependent factor and independent
factors. In addition to this, through qualitative study, researcher is not able to define exact
conclusion and this affect the results as well. So, it is also consider the major issue under the
literature review section under methodology.
Further, the selected article are somehow help researcher to enhance the knowledge
related to present study but if deductive study is used in most of the articles which in turn assist
to generate the best result. But actually, with the help effective methodology, researcher also
meet the define aim and this in turn assist to determine relationship between leadership style and
employee satisfaction (Murugiah, 2017). Further, in C&C Berhad there are many leaders who
actually adopt different leadership style but actually they do not know how to change the themes
and encourage the employees in order to lead a business at further level of success. As the
selected articles are mainly relied upon the methods but most of them are based upon secondary
research in which author only concluded the results on the basis of already published articles.
But actually it affect the results in opposite manner.

2.3 Conceptual Framework

CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Introduction
One of the most important section in the dissertation and thesis which helps to meet the
define aim and objectives of the research study. Therefore, it is the specific procedure which is
used to identify and select the process, also analyse the information related to the topic. Thus, by
using this section will help the reader to critically analyse the study’s overall validity and
reliability. There are different types of research methodology which are used by the researchers
in order to meet the define aim and objectives. Further, there are different research methods such
that research type, research approach, research philosophy, research design, data collection, data
analysis, sampling and ethical considerations. These are further describe in detail as below:
3.1 Theoretical framework
Research type: Research is systematic and creative way of increase knowledge about a
particular topic. Collecting the information then organizes it in a proper ways and analysis the
information are the step involved in research. Research is done to find solutions of question by
detail investigations. Research help client to take innovation action towards a problem and it also
help to identify the needs of the costumer and help in find appropriate solution to fulfill their
needs. Research is generally conducted by the scholar to find out the solution of the issue which
is faced by client in the market. In the field of the research there are two common type of the
research type which is generally used by different scholar to carry out the outcome of the
research in the market. Two research type are qualitative research and quantitative research type.
Quantitative research is the form of the research in which different outcome of research is carried
out in the form of numerical form. Quantitative researcher is type of research which includes
different type of mathematical solution to give the outcome of the dissertation. In this scholar
used to collected detailed information, mathematical data and statistics about the topic of
dissertation. Quantitative research method is to develop mathematical theories and models his
method is not used by the organization, as it used to provide proper, reliable and accurate
information about the topic but overlooks different human interest which is involved in the
conduction of dissertation for the client. At the same time Qualitative research method in which
result of outcome of research is presented in the form of non- numerical data. This type of
research method mainly focuses on collecting data by personal experience, case study,

introspection, life story, interview etc. This is one of the most prefer research method for
different scholar as it used to focuses on how it generally occurs but focuses on how and why a
certain phenomenon have occurred.
Scholar for conducting this dissertation for client has decided to go with Quantitative
research type. There were many reason and benefit for which scholar has gone with such
research type. Such that through this type, scholar conduct the results in more appropriate
manner and also uses randomized samples which in turn avoid of duplication. Hence, it is
examine that through quantitative study, investigator uses SPSS software which in turn improve
the results and determine whether the define aim is attain or not. Apart from this, by using
quantitative study, scholar also determine the relationship between leadership styles and
employee satisfaction which in turn assist the quoted firm to make decision. On the other side, if
researcher uses qualitative study then the chances of getting accurate results will be minimized
because it is based upon thoughts of a human mind and this in turn affect the results in opposite
manner. Hence, opting quantitative study is better than another one as it leads to generate the
best outcome and also very few variable are involved in order to provide accurate results.
Research Philosophy: It is the belief about the way through which the data about a
phenomenon is collected, analysed and used for the research. Such that it is the outer layer of the
research onion which clearly state that it is the vast area of the research which helps to provide
the views of the research by analysing the world. Therefore, this assumption will also determine
the research strategy and the methods of that strategy. This type also helps or enables the
researcher to decide which approach should be adopted by the researcher with proper
justifications. The idea of the knowledge which is created in order to engage the researcher to
find out the answers of the research question, this philosophy is used. In addition to this it is also
analysed that through the research philosophy, researcher enhance the ability to solve problems
and enhance own interpersonal skills which is quite necessary for the research in order to meet
the define aim. There are four types of the research philosophy such that:
Positivism, which is the factual knowledge that is gained through the observation and it
also includes the measurement which is trustworthy. Thus, when researcher uses this philosophy
then the role of the researcher is limited to data collection and interpretation. In this research
type, quantifiable observation that lead to statistical analyses and this methodology is actually
related to the viewpoint that researcher need to concentrate on facts and thus it relies upon the

human interest. Also, under this, sample is selected on large basis and it can be used in
qualitative study. On the other side, another type is Realism, which is mainly relies on the data
of independence of reality form the human mind. As this type of philosophy is mainly based
upon the assumption of the scientific approach to the development of the knowledge and that is
why, it is not used by the researcher in order to conduct the research. Also, the name specify that
it is deal with reality of universe, but actually it is analysed that most of the researcher do not use
this methodology because through reality, it is not easy for the researcher to interpret the results
in better manner. In addition to this, equally serious issues which confront alternative positions
and the idea through which researcher is interact with a world, which is based upon the theories
and that is why, it has attracted increased philosophical attention but not assist to get actual
results from a study. Next is Interpretivism, which is mainly relies on the interpret the element
of the study and this is also integrates to the human interest into a study. Also, this type of
philosophy is associated with the philosophical position of idealism and it is used for the group
together diverse approach. Last is Pragmatism, which accept the concept which is to be relevant
only if the support is action. It is also recognize that there are different methods of interpreting
the world which is undertaken into the research. This methodology is integrate the use of
multiple research methods and also a combination of both positivist and interpretivism position
in which help to understand the nature of research questions. It is also analysed that positivism
and interpretivism are consider two most effective paradigm related to nature and source of
knowledge and in the developed era, researcher also need an occasional need for seasoned
researchers in order to modify the philosophical assumption as per the time in order to get better
results.
Among all, researcher chooses interpretivism research philosophy which helps to
conduct the research in more precise manner and attain the define aim and objectives. This
method help to interpret the results in better manner so that it will assist to accomplish the aim
and objectives and answer the research questions in better manner as well. Further, this method
is also help the researcher to interpret the results or key element from the study. So, by using this
study, researcher will easily access to a reality in order to generate the best results. Moreover,
through the study, researcher easily presents the outcomes in better way as compared to other
philosophies because it helps the researcher to determine the human interest into a study, which

in turn assist to reach exact outcomes and determine the importance of leadership style within a
firm and its relationship with employee satisfaction.
Research Approach: It is the plan and a process which is consist of different steps of a
broad assumptions into a detail method of data collection, analysis as well as interpretation
(Giannetti, Magnacca and Mariani, 2018). Thus, it is also based on the nature of a research
problem which is being addressed. Further, through this study, researcher also consider this
method one of the most important under research methodology section because it helps to
provide accurate results and generate valid outcomes as well. Also, through this study,
researcher also got an opportunity and research approach allow to reflect on the own experience
as a researcher which is a part if a process. In addition to this, through this, researcher also
develop transferable interpersonal skills which assist them in order to perform the work and
collect the information in better manner. Though it is of three types which are as mention below:
Deductive Approach, which is actually concern with developing hypothesis and it is
also based upon the existing theory. On the other side, this method is also used when researcher
have to determine the casual relationship between two variables and that is why, it is mostly used
when researcher uses quantitative study. Also, this method help the researcher to met the
conclusion which is true and leads a research from general to specific. Through this
methodology, researcher is able to reach the results which is true and also the argument is also
valid that follows the conclusion as well. On the other side, another research type is Inductive
Approach, which generally start with the observation and theories which is proposed towards
the end of a research process in order to make proper results (Ahmed, 2020). Also, Inductive
research approach is also help to determine the search pattern from observation and development
of some explanations. But, when researcher uses this approach, they did not use hypothesis but
the main aim of this research approach is to generate meaning from data set collected so that
proper pattern and relationship can be identified. Inductive research approach is completely
relied upon the pattern, resemblance and regularities in experience which are observed in order
to reach the results in better manner. Last type of research approach is Abductive research
Approach, which is set to address the weakness link with deductive and inductive approach.
This is a third alternative which is mostly did not use by the researcher because it is totally
depend upon the Inductive and deductive approach which is used when researcher uses

pragmatist approach. Through this approach, the scholar may used to generate the testable
conclusion and also generalizing from the interactions between the specific and general.
So among all, researcher uses deductive research approach which is used to interpret the
results and also involves the research process as a result of observation. That is why, in order to
meet the aim i.e. to investigate the relationship among the selection of leadership style over the
satisfaction of employees and their performance, researcher chooses this approach. It is so
because the current approach will help to involve beginning with a theory and also developing
hypothesis from the theory. Such that through deductive approach, scholar collect and analyse
the data in order to test those hypothesis which in turn improve the results.
2.2 Methodological issues
Research design: It is refers to entire strategy which a researcher chooses in order to mixes
or incorporate with the study in a coherent and logical way to make sure that scholar address the
research problem in better manner (Lawrence, 2020). By using this section under research
methodological section, researcher smoothly meet the define aim and also make the research
more efficient by using maximum information with a minimum expenditure and efforts. That is
why, the research design has a significant impact on the reliability of all the results obtain
through primary and secondary types. Through this, researcher make sure that project is
completed on time and the entire documents which are required for this are carry out in a
systematic manner or not. That is why, through this, researcher take a decision in order to
determine the results in better manner. There are two types of research design which are as
mention below:
Exploratory research design, and its name also suggest to explore the research question
and also does not intend to offer final solution of the existing problem. So, this type of research
design also help to determine the nature of problem and it is also not intended to provide
conclusive evidence, rather than this, it help to determine the answers of the research questions.
Also, exploratory research design aim is not to provide final answer but it also merely explores
the research topic in order to varying level of depth. Another type is Conclusive Research
design, which is help to determine the findings which are practically used to generate better
results and reach proper conclusion. Through this study, the researcher provide a way in order to
verify and quantify the findings of a study. This type of research design is deductive in nature
and usually help researcher in order to attain the define aim by testing hypothesis (Lindholst and

et.al., 2020). Also, the findings used as input in order to make better decision for thee researcher
so that it will assist to clearly answer the research question.
Among all, Descriptive research design under conclusive research type is used that
helps to investigate the relationship among the selection of leadership style over the satisfaction
of employees and their performance. Also, the current type will help the study to describe
various aspects of a phenomenon and also determine the behaviour and answer of the selected
sample population. Using this methodology, the researcher also gather the views from the
different selected samples size and this in turn helps to meet the define aim and objectives. Also,
through this study, researcher easily generate the best outcomes which in turn assist to answer
the research questions as well. Moreover, by selecting this research design, researcher also
conduct in- depth investigation in order to accomplish the define aim and objective of a study.
Data Collection: Data Collection is that process which assist to collect and measuring
the data on variables of interest. Further, it is also establish the systematic fashion which also
enables to answer the define aim and objectives (Moser and Korstjens, 2018). Thus, this is
consider one of the most important key element of the research methodology section that clearly
define the research questions and answer the research questions as well. In addition to this,
through data collection, researcher also gather the information related to the current problem and
thus, this also allow for much larger sample size and also assist to improve the reliability of a
data too. In the same way, for the current study, researcher uses this methods in order to
determine the results which are assist to conduct the study in more precise manner and meet the
define aim. There are two main types of data collection methods i.e. Primary and secondary.
Primary data collection, which is collected by the researcher from the first handed
sources. This type of data collection methods are completely fresh and new as compared to
another type. Thus, researcher uses this method and also investigated by themselves only. Also,
there are different methods under primary data collection through which the data are collected
such that interview, field observation and experiments, survey (Sheehan, 2018). On the other
side, secondary data collection is refers to that information which is collected by someone other
than the users. Such that these are already publish in the newspaper and researcher also collect
the information through census. Thus, it is stated that the research which is published in news,
article, Journals that is further used or review by the researcher is known as secondary data
collection methods There are many types of secondary collection methods such that sales report,

financial report, customer details, news, books, magazine and articles, through which the
researcher collect an information (Flick, 2017).
Among all, researcher chooses both types of data collection i.e. primary and
secondary methods because it assist the researcher to meet the define aim i.e. to investigate the
relationship among the selection of leadership style over the satisfaction of employees and their
performance. Also, under primary data collection methods, researcher choose survey under
questionnaire in which variety of questions are asked to the selected samples that assist to
analyse is there any relationship between leadership style over the satisfaction of employees.
Further, these questionnaire are prepared and then email to the selected sample’s official email id
in order to make sure that privacy is maintained. Further. Under secondary research methods,
books, articles and Journals has been selected which are published latest. This is so because it
will assist the researcher to analyse the views of different authors. Therefore, using both primary
and secondary data collection methods, researcher assist to meet the define aim and conduct the
overall study in more precise manner. It is so because selecting the best data collection methods
aid to answer the research question and therefore, through it further analyse that leadership styles
actually plays an important role in the success of the company.
3.3 Data analysis
Data Analysis: It is another important part of the research methodology that actually
applying in statistically as well as logical manner in order to describe and illustrate the data over
the research. Hence, it is an essential component which also make sure that information which is
collected are assist to ensuring the data integrity and as a result, researcher also find out
appropriate findings as well. It is also consider one of the most important part in methodology
section because it provides an explanation of various concepts, theories, framework as well as
used the methods. Further, it assist to generate the conclusion and also determine the results of
hypothesis if the study in quantitative in nature (Johnston, 2017). Further, researcher use this
methodology because data in itself is merely facts and figures which is actually organize and
interpret the data into a useful information. There are two types of data analysis i.e. qualitative
and quantitative data analysis
Under qualitative data analysis, researcher uses non- numeric information which is
completely depend upon the selected sample views. Also, it is analysed that this type assist to
determine the themes and pattern of the variables. As there is analytical and critical thinking used

by the researcher in order to find out the results and findings (Friese, 2019). When the researcher
uses this methodology, then researcher try to link all the findings through the aim and objectives.
On the other side, under the quantitative data analysis, researcher completely relies upon the
numeric form of the research in which the scholars want to expect to turn the raw numbers into
the meaningful data through the application of rational and critical thinking. It is analysed that
quantitative approach is actually associated with the findings evidence that mainly reject and
accept the hypothesis which a researcher formulated during the research process (Jebb, Parrigon
and Woo, 2017). Thus, this of study is chooses when researcher wants to analyse the relationship
between two variables and also examine the actual relationship between these.
Among all, thematic analysis under quantitative data analysis is used that assist to analyse
the complete data. Through this method, researcher also uses graphs and tables in order to look
the results more presentable. Further, with the help of graphs and presentation, researcher
determine the views and interpret the same in order to get answer of the research question. It is
also stated that through thematic data analysis, scholar is able to investigate the relationship
among the selection of leadership style over the satisfaction of employees and their performance.
Also, by determining the answer from the selected samples assist to conduct the research in more
precise manner and meet the define aim and objectives as well. Also, through this methodology,
researcher interpret the results in better manner which in turn assist to develop the thoughts and
insights in an effective manner. In addition to this, scholar also develop an hypothesis that
further define the relationship between two variables and this assist to examine the results and
reflected the results in better manner.
Sampling: Sampling is the process which is used to determine the statistical analysis
which is also pre-determine the number of observation that is taken from the larger population.
Through this method, the researcher also analyse the views of all the selected sample. Further,
this is another important key element of the research methodology section which in turn help to
collect the views from the selected sample. The main reason to include this research is such that
it is able to produce the accurate results which in turn help to meet the define aim and objectives.
The main purpose of using this methodology is such that it help to find out the representative
samples in order to avoid the bias (Mujere, 2016). Therefore, it is stated that sample generally
occur error and that is why, to avoid any error in the answer, samples are used which in turn
assist to get the views from the sample.

There are two types of sampling used in the research such that, probability sampling,
which generate the non- zero chance to participate into a study. Also, through this method,
absence of systematic error and sampling bias is done and that is why, most of the researcher
uses this method (Rahi, 2017). Further, through this method, researcher completely depend upon
the findings and this in turn assist to increase the level of reliability upon the study. While on the
other side, it is also critically evaluated that this method is more consuming time and its cost is
also high as compared to other method of sampling. Another type is Non- probability sampling,
which is also known as non- random sampling method (Greenwood, 2016). Under this method,
all the members has a chance to participate in the study because it is completely opposite from
the probability sampling method, in which all the members has a non- zero chance to select in
the study. The biggest advantage of using this type is such that it reflect the descriptive comment
related to sample and t is a cost effective and time effective method as compared to probability
sampling method. However, it is also critically evaluated that lower level of generalization of the
research findings as compared to probability sampling. In addition to this, it is also stated that
unknown proportion of the entire population is also not included in the sample and as a result, it
is difficult for the researcher to determine the possible bias.
Moreover, it is evaluated that from the above types, Simple random sampling methods are
used by the researcher in which 67 employees of Cycle & Carriage Berhad are selected randomly
under probability sampling method. Through this method, it is easy for the researcher to collect
the views that assist to investigate the relationship among the selection of leadership style over
the satisfaction of employees and their performance. Also, this is one quite time consuming
method but it will assist to meet the define aim and answer the research question as well. Further,
using simple random sampling method, researcher examine the views which in turn examine the
leadership style of Cycle and carriage Berhad and through survey questionnaire it is also easy to
analyse the improvement within a firm and also assist the researcher to conduct the study in more
better manner. Further, the questionnaire is also developed in such a manner which in turn assist
to answer the relationship between leadership style and employee satisfaction. Another reason of
selecting employees over managers is to determine whether the company face any challenge in
order to meet the define aim and as a result, company is able to take decision in accordance with
the problem identified.

Ethical consideration: Another important part that specify the limit of the researcher in
order to conduct the research in more precise manner. For that, scholar has to maintain the
dignity of all the research participants prior to the study and it is the duty of the researcher to
protect the privacy of the research and maintain the adequate level of confidentiality. Further,
make sure that research participants should not be subject to harm in any ways whatever the
concern are. In addition to this, researcher has to make sure that proper communication is
transfer to all the research participants, because the entire results are completely reliable upon
their views (Minaya, 2016). So, the entire research should be done with honesty and
transparency which in turn help to meet the define aim and objectives.
As the selected sample method is random sample method and that is why, researcher has
to make sure that voluntary participants of the respondents in a research is quite important and
they have a right to withdraw from the study at any stage. Beside this, it is the duty of the
researcher to comply with the data protection act and also make sure that all the information is
collected by the researcher should not be shared with any third party and this will lead to take
better decision for the research. On the other side, as survey method is used in which
questionnaire is used that is why, no need to discriminate the participants on the basis of
discrimination and unacceptable language needs to be avoided while formulating the questions.
Also, any type of misleading information as well as representation of the primary data findings in
a biased way must be avoided so that the results are generated in better manner and collect the
information in better manner.
Research Limitation: As per the current study, time constraints is consider the research
limitation and this in turn affect the overall study in negative manner. Such that for secondary
study, researcher require enough time for selecting the best articles for the study but actually it
require good time which is not possible. Thus, it clearly specify the weakness of the study and
reveals that with less time, researcher did not select best articles which clearly show the
relationship between leadership style and employee satisfaction (Thomas and et.al., 2020). As
due to less time, researcher also did not identify the scope of works from the chosen articles in
literature review. On the other hand, due to less time, researcher also did not easily interpret the
results in better manner. This in turn affect the results in opposite manner like, scholar did not
conduct in-depth research upon the study and this in turn reflect the study in negative manner.

It is further analysed that lack of previous studies in the research area is consider another
limitation of the study and this in turn affect the overall study, because literature review findings
are actually used as a foundation for the researcher in order to build upon to attain objectives of a
study. In addition to this, researcher themselves face many issue and this in turn affect the
research outcomes such that access, there were many sites and articles which are access denied,
thus, it is not possible for the researcher to use those because of permission restriction. Thus,
this limitation also affected the overall study in opposite manner as well.
Moreover, researcher also opted primary data collection method in which scholar do not
discriminate people on the basis of any caste, gender and that is why, researcher also select the
people without any bias. Thus, it is analysed that researcher face many limitation and this in turn
affect the results and outcomes in opposite manner. Overall, it can be stated that by getting the
views from the respondents, it will be easy for the researcher to reach the final conclusion
because the selected sample size is employees of Cycle & Carriage Berhad and that is why, it
will be easy for the researcher to determine the exact results.
Research Validity and Reliability: Validity is all about how sound the research is and also
validity applies to research design as well as methods of a research. In the present study, it is
analysed that researcher collect valid sources from under secondary data collection methods like,
the books, articles and Journals are published latest which assist scholar to determine the answer
in perfect manner which in turn assist to develop best answers. In addition to this, it is also
analysed that the findings and the selected data collection methods are actually assist the
researcher to represent the data which is valid and reliable. In the present study, the selected data
collection methods are clearly shows that validity and reliability because the chosen data is
accurate and true.
On the other side, reliability of the research is another important aspects under the
dissertation in which it is identified that up to what extent the answers are true. Such that it
measure stability and consistency of the test scores (Mohajan, 2017). Hence, as per the current
study, researcher also closely associated with the subjectivity and that is why, researcher should
not adopt a subjective approach towards a study because it will lead to increase the level of
reliability and this in turn affect work in opposite manner. Hence, the reliability of the study is
confirmed when researcher use a standardized questionnaire which is quite reliable and valid. In

the present study, scholar uses those questions which help to answer the relationship between
leadership style and employee satisfaction. So, when the selected respondents are provide same
values, then it will affect the results in positive manner which in turn assist to get exact answer
from the primary research.

CHAPTER 4: DATA ANALYSIS
Hypothesis
H0 (Null hypothesis): There is no statistical difference between the key element and leadership
style
H1 (Alternative hypothesis): There is a statistical difference between the key element and
leadership style
Model Summary
Model R R Square
Adjusted R
Square
Std. Error of the
Estimate
1 .358a .128 .087 .79694
a. Predictors: (Constant), Avgtranx, AvgLZ, AVgTransform
ANOVAb
Model Sum of Squares df Mean Square F Sig.
1 Regression 5.895 3 1.965 3.094 .033a
Residual 40.012 63 .635
Total 45.907 66
a. Predictors: (Constant), Avgtranx, AvgLZ, AVgTransform
b. Dependent Variable: AvgSat
Interpretation: By using regression analysis, it is interpreted from the anova table that p value
(0.03) is lower than the standard criteria and that is why, null hypothesis is rejected over other.
Therefore, it is clearly shows that different element affect the leadership styles. Such that Bertsch
and et.al, (2017) supported by stating that if the salary is higher then an individual uses the string
leadership style and also focused upon their work. This in turn improve the results of the
company along with performance. On the other side, the model summary table also interpreted
that R square value reflected that there is only 12% chances of dependency. Such that if the
salary and other element will increases then it creates minor or less that impact upon the other
variable.

Apart from this, there is moderate relationship between both the variable such that the
table reflected there is only one variable is 35% dependent upon other and this will shows that
there is no minor changes when one variable changes over other. Hence, this is examine that
leadership style is affected due to some variables and this in turn affect the results as well.
Therefore, if there is job stability within the workplace then it reflected that company have a high
chance to having strong leadership style that assist to maintain the positive working environment.
Theme 1: gender
Answer
Choices Responses
Male 61.19% 41
Female 38.81% 26
Interpretation: As per the above table, it is interpreted that most of the selected
respondents are male such that table clearly signifies that there are 61.91% of the respondents are
male while only 38.81% of the respondents are female.

Theme 2: Length of service with current organization.
Answered Skipped
0
10
20
30
40
50
60
70 62
5
Column B
Theme 3: Number of subordinates (next immediate lower level).
Answered 52
Skipped 15

Answered Skipped
0
10
20
30
40
50
60 52
15
Column B
Theme 4: I am satisfied with my job.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighte
d
Average
1 4.76% 3 3.17% 2
11.11
% 7
66.67
% 42
14.29
% 9 63 3.83

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
4.76% 3.17%
11.11%
66.67%
14.29%
Row 4
Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that,
Theme 5: I am happy with the way my colleagues and superiors treat me.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.17% 2
11.11
% 7
12.70
% 8
52.38
% 33
20.63
% 13 63 3.76

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
3.17%
11.11% 12.70%
52.38%
20.63%
Row 4
Interpretation: As per the above data sets, 52.38% employees of Cycle & Carriage
Berhad stated that they are extremely happy by the way they have been encouraged, supported
and treated by the superiors and colleagues of the company. 20.63% strongly agree on the fact
that the work environment is good and they have been treated well.
Theme 6: I am satisfied with what I achieved at work.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
1.59% 1
17.46
% 11 7.94% 5
52.38
% 33
20.63
% 13 63 3.73

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1.59%
17.46%
7.94%
52.38%
20.63%
Row 4
Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, 52.38% and
20.63% employees have agreed and strongly agreed respectively that, they are highly satisfied
with the kind of work they have carried out at the work. This helps them keep motivated and
retain employees for long period. 19.05% (17.46+1.59) stated that, they do not agree with this
theme because they are not satisfied with the work they have achieved within company.
Theme 7: I feel good at work.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
1.59% 1 9.52% 6
17.46
% 11
50.79
% 32
20.63
% 13 63 3.79

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1.59%
9.52%
17.46%
50.79%
20.63%
Row 4
Interpretation: As per the above data sets, it is evaluated that 71.42% (50.79+20.63)
agree that they feel good at work. They like the work environment. This helps in boosting up
their performance and efficiency ate work. However, 11.11% (9.52+1.59) do not feel great at the
workplace. 17.46% respondents were unsure about this theme.
Theme 8: My leader instils pride in others.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0
13.56
% 8
28.81
% 17
47.46
% 28
10.17
% 6 59 3.54

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.05
0.1
0.15
0.2
0.25
0.3
0.35
0.4
0.45
0.5
0.00%
13.56%
28.81%
47.46%
10.17%
Row 4
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which
57.63% (47.46%+10.17%) agreed that, the leader within organization tends to instil pride within
others. This is useful in finding the key significant sense of purpose of employees at the work.
This way employees enjoy their work and help them retain for long period of time. This is
useful in fostering energized set of workplace.
Theme 9: My leader goes beyond self-interest for the good of the group.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0
15.25
% 9
15.25
% 9
57.63
% 34
11.86
% 7 59 3.66

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.00%
15.25% 15.25%
57.63%
11.86%
Row 4
Interpretation: As per the above data sets, it is evaluated that 69.49% (i.e., 57.63%
+11.86%) tends to significantly agree on the fact that, the leader of the company tends to go
beyond the self-interest for the good of group. This helps in keeping the employees motivated by
supporting and guiding them at every step.
Theme 10: My leader acts in ways that build the trust of others.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
1.69% 1 6.78% 4
18.64
% 11
59.32
% 35
13.56
% 8 59 3.76

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
1.69%
6.78%
18.64%
59.32%
13.56%
Row 4
Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, 72.88%
(59.32%+13.56%) tends to state that, the leaders within the company focuses on effectively
building trust among the employees by setting realistic goals and be transparent and consistent.
The leader also ensure proper flow of communication and information among the employees.
This helps in building trust with the others at the workplace.
Theme 11: My leader displays a sense of power and confidence.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2 5.08% 3 6.78% 4
69.49
% 41
15.25
% 9 59 3.88

Strongly Disagree
Disagree
Unsure
Agree
Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
3.39% 5.08% 6.78%
69.49%
15.25%
Row 4
Interpretation: As per the above data sets, it is evaluated that 84.74% (69.49%+15.25%)
agree that their leader tends to display significant degree of power and confidence within the
company. This helps them delegating the key responsibility and tasks to the employees who has
utmost capability and skills to perform it. The confident leader with power has the potential to
take risk and accomplish higher goals within the company.
Theme 12: My leader talks most about important values and beliefs.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0 8.47% 5
16.95
% 10
54.24
% 32
20.34
% 12 59 3.86

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.00%
8.47%
16.95%
54.24%
20.34%
Row 4
Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, 74.58%
(54.24%+20.34%) agreed that the leaders talks most about the important key values as well as
the beliefs such as respect, integrity, courage, authenticity, confidence, wisdom, humility, etc. the
key belief of the leader is to encourage growth, all the employees are equal and must be
respected, work must be enjoyable and create positive work environment, keep on motivating
and inspiring employees, etc. are the core beliefs of the leader within the company.
Theme 13: My leader specifies the importance of having a strong sense of purpose.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0 5.08% 3
16.95
% 10
64.41
% 38
13.56
% 8 59 3.86

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.00%
5.08%
16.95%
64.41%
13.56%
Row 4
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which
77.97% (64.41+13.56) agrees on the fact that, leader within the organization tends to clearly
specify the key relevance and importance of having a strong sense of purpose. This is useful in
effectively aligning the own personal values with that of the organization success. It is also
useful in ensuring strong degree of relationship and cooperation within the team members. Other
16.95% people were not sure regarding this theme.
Theme 14: My leader considers the moral and ethical consequences of decisions.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
1.69% 1 8.47% 5
11.86
% 7
62.71
% 37
15.25
% 9 59 3.81

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
1.69%
8.47%
11.86%
62.71%
15.25%
Row 4
Interpretation: As per the above data sets, it is evaluated that 77.96% (62.71%+15.25%)
has significantly agreed on the fact that, the leaders within the organization must effectively
consider the ethical and moral consequences of the decision. Ethics and morals within the
company helps in guiding the person’s behaviour. The leaders focuses on setting ethical decision
application of setting significant values. 11.86% people were not clear regarding this theme.
Theme 15: My leader emphasizes the importance of having a collective sense of mission.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2 5.08% 3
15.25
% 9
64.41
% 38
11.86
% 7 59 3.76

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
3.39% 5.08%
15.25%
64.41%
11.86%
Row 4
Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, the leader
tends to mainly emphasize upon the importance of having high degree of collective sense for
meeting the mission and goals of the company. It helps in carrying out the business operations
with high degree of precision by complying with ethical and moral norms. 15.25% of the people
were not clear regarding this theme.
Theme 16: My leader talks optimistically about the future.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0 6.78% 4
16.95
% 10
64.41
% 38
11.86
% 7 59 3.81

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.00%
6.78%
16.95%
64.41%
11.86%
Row 4
Interpretation: As per the above data sets, it is evaluated that 76.27% (64.41%+ 11.86%) tends
to agree on the fact that, the leader of the company talks optimistically about the future. This
means they have the ability to envision regarding the better future. This is prominent in
motivating and inspiring people to attain shared set of vision and mission of the company.
16.95% people were not clear regarding this theme.
Theme 17: My leader talks enthusiastically about what needs to be accomplished.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0 5.08% 3
11.86
% 7
69.49
% 41
13.56
% 8 59 3.92

Strongly Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Agree
0
0.1
0.2
0.3
0.4
0.5
0.6
0.7
0.00%
5.08%
11.86%
69.49%
13.56%
Row 4
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which maximum
number of the respondents i.e., 69.49% mainly agree on the fact that the leader of the company
tends to talk in an enthusiastic manner to effectively attain the key goals and objectives of the
company with high degree of accuracy and efficiency. It helps in making the vision alive and
makes leader more credible.5.08% respondents disagreed on this specific theme.
Theme 18: My leader articulates a compelling vision of the future.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0 5.08% 3
23.73
% 14
59.32
% 35
11.86
% 7 59 3.78

Interpretation: As per the above data sets, it is evaluated that, 59.32% + 11.86% agree that the
leaders within the organization has compelling degree of vision for the future. This way it helps
in gaining innovative set of idea and leads to higher future growth for the business. 27.73% of
the people were not clear regarding this theme.
Theme 19: My leader expresses confidence that goals will be achieved.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0 8.47% 5
15.25
% 9
64.41
% 38
11.86
% 7 59 3.8

Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which 64.41%
and 11.86% respondents agree and strongly agree respectively that the leader tends to express
confidence that goals within the organization is achieved. They focus on keep on motivating the
employees of the company and ensure they focus on attaining the common goals of the company.
Theme 20: My leader re-examines critical assumptions for appropriateness.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
1.69% 1
13.56
% 8 8.47% 5
64.41
% 38
11.86
% 7 59 3.71
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which 64.41%
and 11.86% respondents agree and strongly agree respectively that the leaders within the
company mainly focuses on effectively re- examining the critical set of assumptions for the
appropriateness. They get engaged and ensure that the assumptions are up to the mark and helps
in better attainment of the key goals of the company. 8.47% of the people were not clear
regarding this theme.
Theme 21: My leader seeks differing perspectives when solving problems.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average

0.00% 0
10.17
% 6 5.08% 3
74.58
% 44
10.17
% 6 59 3.85
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which
74.58% and 10.17% respondents agree and strongly agree respectively that the leaders must
focus on effectively seeking different set of perspectives which helps in solving the key
problems. They focus on effectively dotting down a realistic plan and take appropriate action.
They focus on anticipating the unexpected and find sustainable solution to the problem. The
leader must focus on effectively anticipating the unexpected and develop the right strategy to
solve the problem.
Theme 22: My leader gets others to look at problems from many different angles.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2
10.17
% 6
13.56
% 8
64.41
% 38 8.47% 5 59 3.64

Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, 64.41% and 8.47%
respondents stated that, the leader must look at the problems from many different set of angles.
This is considered to be highly significant in effectively finding the best possible solution to the
problem in a prominent manner.
Theme 23: My leader suggests new ways of looking at how to complete assignments.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2 8.47% 5
11.86
% 7
67.80
% 40 8.47% 5 59 3.69

Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, the maximum
number of participants stated that, the leader must significantly suggest new set of ways which is
useful in completing the assignments on a timely manner. The leader must focus on finding the
best possible solution to complete assignment and attain goal on timely manner.
Theme 24: My leader considers an individual as having different needs, abilities and
aspirations from others.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2 6.78% 4
15.25
% 9
62.71
% 37
11.86
% 7 59 3.73
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which 62.71%
agreed on the fact that, leader considers an individual as having different needs, abilities and
aspirations from other. It means every individual within the origination has different needs and
priorities and all such matter must be looked into effectively. 15.25% of the people were not
clear regarding this theme.
Theme 25: My leader expresses satisfaction when others meet expectations.
Strongly Disagree Unsure Agree Strongly Total Weighted

Disagree Agree Average
0.00% 0 8.47% 5
16.95
% 10
62.71
% 37
11.86
% 7 59 3.78
Interpretation: It has been examined from above demonstrated table that, 62.71% agreed on the
fact that, the leader must focus on expressing the high degree of satisfaction which is useful in
meeting the expectations of others. It helps in boosting up the morale of the employees with high
degree of performance and efficiency. 16.95% of the people were not clear regarding this theme.
Theme 26: My leader discusses in specific terms who is responsible for achieving
performance targets.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
0.00% 0
10.17
% 6
22.03
% 13
57.63
% 34
10.17
% 6 59 3.68

Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which 57.63%
and 10.17% responds tends to state that, leader discusses in specific terms who is responsible for
achieving performance targets. This helps in boosting up the motivation level of employees and
creates a sense of responsibility to perform certain task to attain organizational goals and
objectives. 22.03% of the people were not clear regarding this theme.
Theme 27: My leader concentrates his/her full attention on dealing with mistakes, complaints,
failures, etc.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2
13.56
% 8
20.34
% 12
52.54
% 31
10.17
% 6 59 3.53
Theme 28: My leader delays responding to urgent questions.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
11.86
% 7
40.68
% 24
11.86
% 7
32.20
% 19 3.39% 2 59 2.75
Theme 29: My leader avoids him/herself from getting involved when important issues arise.

Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
18.64
% 11
35.59
% 21
11.86
% 7
28.81
% 17 5.08% 3 59 2.66
Theme 30: My leader fails to intervene until problems become serious or develop into an
extremely chronic situation.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
15.25
% 9
37.29
% 22
15.25
% 9
25.42
% 15 6.78% 4 59 2.71
Interpretation: The above investigation carried out from 67 employees. Out of which
Theme 31: My leader waits for things to go wrong before taking action.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
15.25
% 9
40.68
% 24
11.86
% 7
27.12
% 16 5.08% 3 59 2.66
Theme 32: My leader often makes decisions without consulting the subordinates for their views
opinions.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
15.25
% 9
30.51
% 18
18.64
% 11
30.51
% 18 5.08% 3 59 2.8
Theme 33: My leader often makes most decisions regardless of whatever opposing
views/opinions from the subordinates.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
10.17 6 30.51 18 15.25 9 35.59 21 8.47% 5 59 3.02

% % % %
Theme 34: My leader feels it is necessary to exercise his/her authority and power whenever
dealing with subordinates.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
5.08% 3
20.34
% 12
25.42
% 15
37.29
% 22
11.86
% 7 59 3.31
Theme 35: My leader opines that managers should not delegate important tasks to employees.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
5.08% 3
27.12
% 16
28.81
% 17
32.20
% 19 6.78% 4 59 3.08
Theme 36: My leader believes managers should avoid off-the job social contacts with
employees.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
8.47% 5
30.51
% 18
32.20
% 19
22.03
% 13 6.78% 4 59 2.88
Theme 37: My leader suggests innovative ways of performing work rather than routines done in
the traditional manner.
Strongly
Disagree Disagree Unsure Agree
Strongly
Agree Total
Weighted
Average
3.39% 2
13.56
% 8
20.34
% 12
47.46
% 28
15.25
% 9 59 3.58

Theme 38: Age
Answer Choices Responses
< 18 0.00% 0
18-29 0.00% 0
30-44 0.00% 0
45-60 0.00% 0
> 60 0.00% 0
Theme 39: Gender
Answer Choices Responses
Male 0.00% 0
Female 0.00% 0
Theme 40: Device type
Answer Choices Responses
iOS Phone / Tablet 0.00% 0
Android Phone / Tablet 0.00% 0
Other Phone / Tablet 0.00% 0
Windows Desktop / Laptop 0.00% 0
MacOS Desktop / Laptop 0.00% 0
Other 0.00% 0

CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION
5.1 Summary of main findings
Leadership style is one of the core power which is possess by different leader in the
organization, with the use of the same only different leader used to carry out different operation
in an organization. Autocratic leadership style where all the decision are being taken by the
leader at the top and used to divert the different decision to the employee in the organization.
Laissez-Faire leadership style the leader tends to form relation with outsiders in order to bring
the relevant data and information which will be useful for the team members in for completely
their task effectively (Different leadership styles, 2020). The coaching attitude of the leader helps
in ensuring that the subordinates. There is a positive relationship between leadership style and
the performance of an employee so that it will assist to lead a business towards positive manner.
It is necessary for the company to make sure that their leader uses the best leadership style that
leads to creates positive impact. Imposing of the effective leadership style within the
organization helps the employees to exert extreme amount of effort in order to carry out all the
tasks in a significant and relevant manner. Transformational leadership style because it foster
continuous learning and creativity among employees. This is significant in bringing change to
the society and leads to improve degree of business performance and efficiency. Autocratic style
of leadership is also not considered to be significant because it eventually leads to low degree of
employee morale and also leads to decreased level of employee retention. Democratic leadership
style is very useful because it helps in encouraging feedback and taking suggestions from the
subordinates. This is significant in encouraging decision making. An effective leadership style
tends to highly focus on setting clear set of direction within the company. the leader within
organization tends to instil pride within others. It is useful in finding the key significant sense of
purpose of employees at the work. Their leader tends to display significant degree of power and
confidence within the company. Ethics and morals within the company helps in guiding the
person’s behaviour. The leaders talks most about the important key values as well as the beliefs
such as respect, integrity, courage, authenticity, confidence, wisdom, humility, etc. The leader of
the company tends to talk in an enthusiastic manner to effectively attain the key goals and
objectives of the company with high degree of accuracy and efficiency. They focus on
effectively dotting down a realistic plan and take appropriate action. The leader must

significantly suggest new set of ways which is useful in completing the assignments on a timely
manner. The leader also concentrates on giving full attention on dealing with mistakes,
complaints, failures, etc. The leaders often makes most decisions regardless of whatever
opposing views/opinions from the subordinates. This eventually leads to higher sustainable
growth and efficiency of the business. The leader also tends to suggests innovative ways of
performing work rather than routines done in the traditional manner. This leads to improved
degree of business performance and efficiency. One of the biggest challenge is to accept the
change by leaders. Problem managing the diverse peers is also one of the key challenging task
among the employees of the organization. Proper balancing between the use of leadership style
and the power which is given to employees is consider a good strategy for overcoming the issue
Creativity must be continuously encouraged within the organization through which it leads to
high degree of business performance and improved degree of growth for the business. It is
considered to be effective for effectively addressing the key issues linked with the organizational
change in a prominent manner by suggesting the best possible solution to the problem. Looking
at wide degree of aspects within the company helps in improving the business performance and
attain improved business growth and better efficiency. The leader focuses on taking timely set of
actions to the problem and attain improved degree of business growth and leads higher efficiency
and business outcomes. The great leaders within the company are effectively responding to the
key changes and attain grater set of outcomes.
Conclusion
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theme 1: Leadership Style
After going through theme 1 of Literature review section it has been concluded that
leadership style is generally define as a style which is generally adopted by the different leader in
the organization to influence the work of different subordinate in the organization. After that
theme concludes that there are many different type of leadership style which is used by different
leaders in the organization. Leadership style are Democratic Leadership, It is a leadership style in
which leaders in the organization used to work with employee to make decision. Autocratic
leadership, at the other hand is the type of leadership in which leader in the organization
generally make decision and subordinate used to follow the same in the organization. Situational

leadership, it is the type of leadership style in which leader used to adopt the variety of variant
leadership style looking at different type of situation which is prevailing in the market. This
theme also highlights that all the leader generally in the organisation used to adopt the leadership
style by considering variety of different type of element such as change management, training,
recession or boom period etc. at workplace. The theme also concludes the usage of all the
leadership style and significance which can be brought by the different leadership style in the
organization. Also in the end the theme also highlights that there are many different type of
leadership are also there in the market i.e. contingency and transactional leadership style. The
best leadership style is the one which used to suits the workplace of the organization in better
way.
Theme 2: Impact of Leadership style over performance
Dissertation concludes that adoption of leadership style and using same in the
organization generally used to bring the variety of the impact on the performance of the business
in the long run. As it has been identified that implication of leadership style is link with the
performance of the employee in both positive as well as in the negative manner in the
organization. Reason which has been identified in the theme is that all the leadership style used
to demand different efforts from the employee which sometime make them happier to work and
sometime used to create the situation of uncertainty among the same in the organization. This
situation generally used to showcase on the performance of the employees in the organization.
Example which was cited in the theme was that Autocratic Leadership style in the organization
generally used to cut down the efforts and different decision of the employee which sometime
used to impact the performance of the employee in the negative way. At the same time
Democratic leadership style in the organization used to give the freedom to the different
employee in the organization to carry out the different activity at the workplace, which generally
used to motivate them to carry out different activity of the business. This eventually used to help
them in improving the performance of the business in the positive ways in the organization. At
the same time theme also explain that impact on the performance of the employee in the
organization eventually used to impact the overall performance organization as well. Reason
behind the same is that performance of employee is interlinked with the overall performance of
the employee in the long run. This theme also concludes that some of the leadership style in the
organization used to improve the morale and motivation of employee in the organization, these

eventually help the company in seeing performance of the employee has driven in the positive
manner. At the same time some leadership style generally used to take or bring barrier for
employee to make different decision in the organization, these eventually used to impact
performance of employee in negative ways.
Theme 3: Different challenges face by company with regards to satisfy the employee by
using leadership style
Dissertation which has conducted has helped in concluding that there are many type of
challenges which are being faced by the company to satisfy their need in the organization with
the help of different leadership style. Some of the challenges highlighted are lack of
communication. As it has been identified that lack of communication in the organization used to
create the variety of the negative impact on the performance of the employee. As all the
employee always look for good sort of the clarity in the organization. Also theme concludes that
change management is the another challenge which is being faced by the organization, as it was
identified that at the time of bringing the change in the organization all the employee in the
organization are more uncertain in the context of what has to be done by them in the
organization. Another challenges which was identified in the theme was the leadership
management in the organization, as it was identified that it generally used to get difficult for all
the leader in the organization to understand the best leadership style which can be used in the
organization to improve the performance of all the employee in the nation in the positive ways.
After that the theme concludes that if the leader in the organization is not having skill too
manages these sort of the challenges in the organization, it eventually used to get difficult for the
company to satisfy the different need of the consumer that easily in the organization. Also, type
of the leadership style used in context of the situation which is prevailing in the market also used
to play a significant role in satisfying the employee by using different leadership style in the
organization.
RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
For conducting the dissertation researcher has selected the Qualitative research type in
the organization, reason behind the same is identified that it was getting very tougher for the
scholar to present the outcome of the research in the quantitative form in the organization.
Researcher has selected the interpretivism philosophy as a philosophy to conduct the researcher
reason which was identified by the researcher was the same that it has helped in gathering in

context of human interest as well. Deductive approach was used as a research approach reason
behind the same is identified that it used to support the type of the research which has been
selected. Scholar, has used both primary as well as secondary data collection tool to collect
different data in the organization. Primary data was collected with the help of the survey in the
study, at the same time secondary data was collected with the help of going through variety of
different type of different journal and article. Data was analysed in the dissertation with the help
of the thematic data analysis by presenting the different data with the help of graphs and tables in
the organization. Sampling was done on the basis of simple random sampling method. These
section also highlights that the scholar has conducted the study in the organization with the help
of maintaining the good amount of the ethical consideration in the study as well.
5.5 Direction for future Research
Recommendations
As per the above, it is clearly analysed that with the help of good and strong leadership
style, company is able to manage work but there are many adverse situation, where leaders
getting confuse, that is why, here are some recommendations which assist hotel to lead a
business towards success.
 It is recommended to the company to use transformational leadership style because it
foster continuous learning and creativity among employees. Such that by opting this
leadership style, assist employees to experiment without fear of failure and also enables
them to develop more innovative solutions and as a result, aid to build trust in leadership.
Moreover, through this leadership style, leaders are reinforce a clear vision and this in
turn makes employees more clear towards a company's vision.
 Also, in the term of employee satisfaction, it is suggested to the company to provide
flexible working hours which makes employee satisfied. As a result, this will leads to
maintain personal and professional relations in better manner. In addition to this, it is also
analysed through this strategy that company promote good health within a firm and this
in turn motivate employees to perform the best and attain the define aim of the business
within a specified time frame. It is also observe that there are some cons of using this
strategy because many employees take disadvantage and this in turn affect the overall
working environment in negative manner. So, proper monitoring should be done which

help to justify whether the define task is perform on time or not. Then, leader may take
actions accordingly.
 Training and development is another option suggested to C&C Berhad because it support
employees in striving for more and also drive their career development. Such that
investing within this will definitely provide positive outcome in the form of maximizing
sales and retaining employees. Not only this, it is the duty of leaders to make sure
employees need which type of training and then they accordingly. Thus, as a employers
the only benefit is happy employees and this is somehow leads to satisfy employees
because through training they grow their personal as well as professional skills.
 By creating an atmosphere of growth is also consider another recommendation that needs
to be provided by C&C Berhad such that it leads to good health. On contrary, poor health
is not only damaging employees but business have to pay heavy cost related to illness.
Like, chronic stress has different negative side effects, That is why, company should
develop a strong working environment which help employees to make positive lifestyle
changes. Like, in C&C Berhad leaders may offer breaks to their employees throughout
the day and this will encourage to make positive changes and also leads to satisfy the
employees as well.
 In every company, employee satisfaction is consider the top issue for HR and that is why,
leaders are also focused upon this issue. That is why, it is suggested to the leader that
they may recommend to managers for extra opportunities to their employees and this in
turn assist to manage the work on time by satisfy the need of employees as well. As
majority of the top companies uses this in order to keep employees satisfied. In the same
way, leaders should set a target and for that, employees have to attain within a define
time. So, after completion, company should provide monetary and non- monetary
benefits to their employees and this will assist to motivate or encourage employees.
Hence, it is stated that with the help of extra benefits, company is able to manage the
work and engaging employees within a firm as well.
 In addition to this, leaders of C&C Berhad should also make sure that they must opt the
leadership style on the basis of situation because every leadership style have their own
role in the success of the company. That is why, it is suggested to the firm that when the
company start offering new service then leader of the company should adopt situational

leadership style in which they easily understand the employees of the firm in order to opt
new product and this in turn leads to attract range of public towards it. This is clearly
reflected that with the help of adopting right leadership style at right time, will assist
employees to manage the work and this also lead to creates positive impact upon the
overall working performance of a company as well.
 Through the study, it is realized that there is a direct relationship between leadership style
and employee satisfaction. That is why, it is suggested to the company to make better
communication and also maintain transparency so that it will help to communicate exact
words without any error. Also, when the changes occur within a workplace, all the
employees including dissatisfied and satisfied employees should be informed so that it
will not affect the overall working environment. In this stage, leaders and their styles
plays an important role because, through this leader communicate the changes through
internal or external mode and this will assist to prepare employees to accept the changes
and take action accordingly.
 Also, leaders should comply with motivation theories so that they will easily understand
the situation of employees. As it is a basic need of a firm to manage employees because
they are pillars of an organization, so if C&C Berhad give recognition to them then it is
better for company to manage the work and let employees understand that they are an
important key element of the company. In addition to this, it is also analysed that there
must be a trust between the employees and senior management whether they are
directors, manager or leaders. So, it is recommended to C&C Berhad to make sure that
there must be trust and by conducting face to face meeting with employees will help the
senior management to understand the problem and this in turn leads to manage good
working relationship as well.
 There are many various accessible in market that can be used by researcher to enhance
their research practices and will use in further research which makes them able to achieve
desired outcomes. Along with qualitative, they must use quantitative research approaches
or methods to conduct appropriate investigation. It defined as systematic research of
phenomenon by collecting quantifiable data and performing mathematical, statistical and
computational techniques. It allows investigator in further when they use it to reach a
high sample size for any hypothesis, then it is easy to reach an appropriate formulated

conclusion. It permits researcher to receive additional data which they will use in
statistical analysis. Investigator collect data for qualitative research procedure in actual
time scenarios so that further analysis can happen almost immediately and effectively that
is beneficial for all aspects.
 Under quantitative research scholar should use SPSS in further research process that is
quite beneficial for them in term of gathering relevant data about specific topic. With this
method researcher can import data from other ways when it is organized as database
include excel. This approach is beneficial for both quantitative and qualitative but
especially used in quantitative research. It is quite effective in quantitative data more than
qualitative. Researcher should use SPSS for their future research or analysis as it gives a
perfect and accurate graphical representation and also a desire results for data that will be
entered. It is just a drop and drag procedure which has almost all basic and some latest
statistical analysis which will aid investigator to easily adapt to this method and can do
things and obtain their outcomes.
 While conducting further research scholar must prepare an appropriate time schedule or
milestone which they will use to conduct research in effective manner and accomplish on
time without making any mistakes. It can be said that milestones will add important value
to project scheduling. It makes researcher able to combine scheduling methodology such
as review techniques, program evaluation and critical path method that help to determine
whether or not further project is on schedule.
 With milestones researcher can set schedule activities appropriately which make them
capable to assure that everything is going under through plan and project will accomplish
according to deadlines. With this source researcher will know aspects of research worked
well and analyse where thing can be improved.
 Milestones allow researcher to accomplish their project, and they will obtain better
results that is good in context of other stakeholders. Furthermore, scholar must use
deductive research method as it is relevant to qualitative investigation conduct in the
future.

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Appendix
Questionnaire
Questionnaire
Name:
Age:
Gender:
1. How long you are working in Cycle & Carriage Berhad?
 From one year
 From three years
 From last five years
 More than five years
2. Which of the following leadership style is adopted by leader of company?
 Democratic leadership style
 Autocratic leadership style
 Situational leadership style
 Contingency leadership style
3. Are you satisfied with the leadership style and leader’s behaviour within a firm?
 Strongly satisfied
 Satisfied
 Neutral
 Dissatisfied
 Strongly dissatisfied
4. Do you think there is any relationship between leadership style and employee
satisfaction?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed
 Strongly disagreed

5. Which of the following the highly affected when leader adopt wrong leadership style?
 Productivity of employee
 Financial performance of company
 Teamwork and collaboration
 All of these
6. What factor do you think influence leadership style?
 Economic and political factor
 Demographic
 Staff characteristic
 Culture of a firm
 All of these
7. Do you enjoy company’s culture?
 Yes
 No
8. How transparent do you feel the management is?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed
 Strongly disagreed
9. Is you leader take a decision on the basis of your work performance?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed
 Strongly disagreed
10. Is you leader support when you find any difficulty within your job?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed

 Strongly disagreed
11. Did the company offer extra opportunity to you when you met the define aim?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed
 Strongly disagreed
12. What are the challenges did Cycle & Carriage Berhad face while satisfying the
employees?
 Lack of communication
 Change in management style
 Not having effective resources
 All of these
13. Do you think leadership creates direct impact upon business performance?
 Strongly agreed
 Agreed
 Neutral
 Disagreed
 Strongly disagreed
14. Recommend the best ways through which leader of company satisfy the employees.