Tourism Impact on Cultural Heritage

This assignment requires an in-depth analysis of the multifaceted impacts of tourism on cultural heritage sites. It necessitates exploring both positive and negative consequences across economic, social, and environmental spheres. Students must critically evaluate scholarly sources and consider real-world examples to provide a comprehensive understanding of this complex relationship.

HERITAGE AND CULTURAL TOURISM
MANAGEMENT

Table of Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................3
TASK 1............................................................................................................................................3
1.1 Analyzing the growth and development of the UK heritage and cultural industry..............3
1.2 Representing potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources......5
TASK 2............................................................................................................................................6
2.1 Explaining the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of
different customers .....................................................................................................................6
TASK 3............................................................................................................................................8
3.1 Evaluating the effect of various kind of ownership on the management of heritage and
cultural sites................................................................................................................................8
3.2 Analyzing roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry.
...................................................................................................................................................10
TASK 4..........................................................................................................................................11
4.1 Evaluating methods and media used for interpretation......................................................11
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................13
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................1

INTRODUCTION
Heritage tourism can be determined as an activity which offers better opportunity to
international and domestic tourists for taking better experience, enjoying and understanding
incredible values of heritage and cultural sites. Furthermore, cultural tourism can be defined as
the subset of tourism which aids the travellers to evaluate living style of people, architecture,
their history, religion, art as well as other aspects at different at tourism places. Heritage and
cultural tourism has a vast history in which visitors travel to other country to visit new historical
places as well as experiencing their cultural activities (Lee, 2013). The present report describes
about growth and development of United Kingdom in cultural and heritage industry.
Furthermore, it introduces potential conflicts in conserving heritage and cultural resources. It
analyzes the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions to meet out of different visitors. In
addition to this, it evaluates the impact of different types of ownerships for the management of
cultural and heritage sites. It represents roles and responsibilities of different travel and tourism
organisations in the present sector. Further, it states the methods for interpreting the heritage and
cultural sector for the visitors.
TASK 1
1.1 Analyzing the growth and development of the UK heritage and cultural industry
Generally, Heritage and cultural industry is responsible for the growth and development
in Britain. Furthermore, it aids in providing different types of employment opportunities to
people. It supports the government of United Kingdom to improve their GDP (Gross Domestic
Product) across world. Regulatory and private corporations are focusing on developing museum
as well as historical places at various tourist destinations. In addition to this, they are also
bringing different types of ancient things to lure visitors to visit these places again. These kinds
of activities aid the travel and tourism sector to increase the frequency of tourist at the tourism
places of United Kingdom (Hartmann, 2014). Due to these causes, this sector is developing very
fast as compare to previous years. Other than this, travel and tourism corporations of United
Kingdom have better opportunities to gain better income and revenues by charging money from
global and local tourists in the London.
In addition to this, Government of UK spends huge monetary fund to renovate different
heritage and cultural places from net earning (Laing, Wheeler, Reeves and Frost, 2014). For
example, they have also repaired the Tower of London and Buckingham place to maintain its

value in front of people and visitors. Furthermore, government of UK has sorted out
complexities such as employment and shortage of resources to enhance growth and development
of travel and tourism sector. For example, this sector has offered 209390 jobs to the local people
in United Kingdom. These efforts have aided many citizens to get suitable job. Skills of human
resources helps in increasing heritage and cultural tourism activities which will assist in
developing this sector in London and other areas of United Kingdom (Cultural and Heritage
Economy. 2013).
Government of Britain emphasizes on developing hotels as well as restaurants to offer
better services to national and internally visitors at the tourist destinations. Further, these
activities aid in increasing travel and tourism in UK. For example, government banks and
financial institutes provides better loan on lower interest rate which aids the travel and tourism
corporations to develop their business in an appropriate manner. In addition to this, government
of United Kingdom provides land for better infrastructure which helps to offer better hospitality
services to the consumers at various tourists’ destinations (Gursoy and Sandstrom, 2014). Apart
from that, they also inspire small and medium corporations to come into tourism industry for
providing effective approaches at the famous tourist places. Furthermore, these efforts also
motivate different types of visitors to visit historical as well as cultural destinations in London.
This helps in increasing number of consumers in those sites as compare to previous years.
According to report of historic England of 2013 year, it was evaluated that 58. 6 million tourists
came to visit only heritage and cultural places in Britain.
Along with this, heritage and cultural industry assist to enhance economic condition by
offering different types of facilities to tourists in Britain. As per data of historic England 2013
year, Heritage and cultural industry contributed 14 billion pounds in GDP of United Kingdom
which was higher than data of 2010 year. It earned 61.1 million pounds income per year with
help of these activities in United Kingdom (Cultural and Heritage Economy. 2013).
Further, Government of United Kingdom offers better transportation facilitates such as
trains, buses, Cabs, taxis and planes in affordable cost to the global and national visitors to reach
different tourist places. In addition to this, they also offer online service through which people
can manage their transportation in an appropriate manner. Other than this, they inspire huge
private tour and travel operators which guide the visitors to visit historical and cultural
destinations in London and other areas of United Kingdom (Packer, Ballantyne and Hughes,

2014). These activities increase the income and revenues of heritage and cultural sector.
Furthermore, it supports in enhancing growth of travel and tourism sector of England.
1.2 Representing potential conflicts in the conservation of heritage and cultural resources
Mainly global agencies suffer with different potential issues and conflicts regarding
conservation of heritages and cultural resources. It is represented below as follows.
Potential conflicts and issues
According to case study, Intercontinental hotel group (IHG) suffers with different
complexities and conflict which creates negative effect on the infrastructure development as
well as other activities in Tibet. Generally, Hotel is suffered with many political issues like
London-based Free Tibet to boycott from country. This conflict has produced negative effect to
plan and handle business activities of intercontinental group. Other than this, local citizen have
produced different types of issues for doing business in Tibet. In addition to this, Chinese
government creates disturbance in the operations within different areas. Mainly, they also want
to make new heritage and cultural destinations to increase the business of heritage and cultural
industry for earning better monetary funds in the Tibet. So these kinds of interruptions have
disappointed local citizens of Tibet (Vandenbrink, 2013). This has developed issues for
conserving heritage and cultural resources in many areas.
Reasons of conflicts
As There are many reasons which produce these issues in Tibet and affect operations of
IHG group. Generally, social groups, local communities and local people have created many
complexities like political issues for development or improvement of international projects in
Tibet. In addition to this, there are many people who do not want to develop travel and tourist
destinations as they think that it will destroy natural environment of their area. These activities
can also increase environment pollution in the country. Further, this development will increase
the numbers of tourist which will create disturbance in communities. A part from that, many
local groups and communities are against the activities of Chinese government in Tibet.
Education level of local citizens are not good as comparison of other countries. As a result, they
create interruption in expansion of travel and tourism operations of intercontinental group (IHG)
in Tibet. These activities generate problems for conservation conservation of heritage and
cultural resources (Vandenbrink, 2013).
Possible solutions

According to case scenario, there are many suggestions which aid to overcome these
issues in a appropriate manner. For this, international agencies communicate with Tibetian
government to improve educational status local citizens. In addition to this, they should provide
aid to open new schools in various areas. Furthermore, they should create awareness regarding
education which can aid to improve education level (Nyaupane, Timothy and Poudel, 2015).
Furthermore, Intercontinental group should also focus on environmental activities like plantation
of trees, marathon and increase knowledge about climate. This process can help the organization
to change existing thinking of local citizens in a appropriate manner. Furthermore, IHG should
conduct corporate social responsibilities activities for local societies and communities. This
activities can aid the organization to reduce conflicts in the mind of people. A part from that,
management of international agencies can provide employment opportunities of local citizens
which can aid to create approaches trust on people. This process can support the IHG to reduce
political issues in systematic manner (Ramseook-Munhurrun, Seebaluck and Naidoo, 2015). It
can also aid to secure cultural and heritage-resources in the Tibet. In addition to this, it can
support the management of hotel to manage its business operations effectively in the different
areas of Tibet.
TASK 2
2.1 Explaining the purpose of heritage and cultural attractions in meeting the needs of different
customers
British and Natural history museum have many purposes such as research, recreation,
education and entertainment of heritage and cultural attractions to meet out desires national and
international visitors. There are many tourists like researchers, students, scientists, families with
children who come to visit these museum. It is stated below in the table.
Museums Visitors Description
British Museum Students Management of this museum initiate many creative and
innovative operations in regular frames. Furthermore, to lure
more students, they add different ancient things like old objects
of Romans to maintain importance of British Museum which
provide effective opportunities for conducting better study on
these things (Munar and Jacobsen, 2014). This approach lure

many students to visit British Museum which contribute
effectively to enhance its popularity across world. This way,
management of Museum can meet out desire of students by
increasing their knowledge and awareness regarding historical
and cultural objects.
Researchers and
scientists
Education and research supports in Heritage and cultural
attractions to satisfy requirements of people in tourism sector.
Management of British museum provide different knowledge
and information to scientist and researchers regarding their
artistic and cultural object (Lane and Kastenholz, 2015). This
approach aids them to do further studies on these things. So
these activities aids the management of British museum to lure
more researchers and scientists across world. In addition to this,
they can help the British museum to fulfil the needs of scientist
and researchers in a appropriate manner (Prayag, Hosany and
Odeh, 2013).
Families Objective of Cultural and heritage attractions gives better
information through this learning activities. These activities
play important role for family to entertain them effectively.
They can help British Museum to provide better knowledge
regarding historical, artistic things and culture to families. In
addition to this, they can aid the management to make
enjoyable moment for families (Castéran and Roederer, 2013).
Media The main purpose of cultural and heritage attraction to show
valuable things front of media. It can aid the media channels to
give better news regarding British Museum which can aid to
satisfy needs of them.
Natural History
Museum
Students The main goal of heritage and cultural attractions to educate
student regarding history of animals and old humans species
which guides the students to enhance their knowledge level in

geography (Kim, Woo and Uysal, 2015).
Researchers and
scientists
The major purpose of heritage and cultural attractions aids in
organizing better activities such as collection of ancient things
such as skeleton old humans, civilizations as well as Dinosaurs
to maintain the value of Natural history museums. Along with
this, it supports management to complete the requirements of
scientists and researchers by showing more information front
of them (Capacci, Scorcu and Vici, 2015). It also guides them
to conduct effective research on these things. These activities
increase numbers of Researchers and scientists which raise
income and revenues of Natural history museum.
Families The main aim of cultural and heritage attractions are to give
better entertainment to families as well as children by
representing old life style and valuable ancient things of old
civilizations. This activity also aids in raising the numbers of
Families and children by completing their needs and
requirements (Raj and Griffin, 2015).
Media The major purpose of heritage and cultural attractions are to
give new things to media channels which contribute effectively
to increase its popularity across world.
TASK 3
3.1 Evaluating the effect of various kind of ownership on the management of heritage and
cultural sites
Types of ownership like proprietorship, partnership, public as well as voluntary create
different kind of impact on the heritage and cultural sites which are described below in the
points.
Proprietorship Ownership: proprietorship business is managed by single person and it is
categorized under private business. The main objective of this business is to gain higher profit
from consumers in the travel and tourism sector. In addition to this, for this business, individual

does not more requires paper work which provide reliability to start it in a appropriate manner
(Prideaux, Timothy and Chon, 2013). Furthermore, In this business, only one person is
responsible to manage all kind of activities like development of strategies, selection of products
and services etc. On the other side, there are many complexities to manage proprietorship
business. Along with this, single person liable to manage legal and other risk such as debts,
court judgment loans which increase issue to handle them. For example, Buckingham place is
most attractive site which categorized under proprietorship business in the United Kingdom.
Partnership Ownership: Partnership business is started by two or more people to manage
business operations in heritage and cultural sector. In addition to this, it needs more paper work
and legal documents to start business as compare to proprietorship business in the United
Kingdom. The main purpose of these organizations to gain more profit from consumers in the
present sector (Mason, 2015). Furthermore, this business is also lied under private industry.
Major advantages of partnership business is sharing of risks because corporate activities are
divided among different partners at the workplace. They guide the corporations to solve out
problems effectively by analyzing all factors. Other than this, partnership business provides
more flexibility to manage travel and tourism operations in a systematic manner. On the other
side, it produces more issues to consider or implement any kind of decision for increasing the
business due to involvement of various partners in heritage and cultural sector (Conlin and Bird,
2014). It also generates issues development activities of heritage and cultural destinations by
increasing conflicts among the partners. In addition to this, it reduces profit of each owner due to
partnership firm. For example, Blaenavon Industrial Landscape is categorized under partnership
ownership in the UK.
Public: Public ownership shows involvement of public as a shareholder in the business.
This kind of organization release public shares for people into market. Furthermore, board
members of this organization are liable to manage all travel and tourism operations in a
appropriate manner. The major purpose of this business is to serve public as well as earning
profits from cultural and historical sites in the country (Robertson, 2016). Generally, there are
many advantages of public ownership which aids to manage its operations. In addition to this,
management of corporation can use government resources and monetary funds of public for
management of heritage and cultural operations for cultural sites. In addition to this, public type
of business also gets exemption in various kind of corporate tax as comparison of proprietorship

and partnership business which aids to reduce its expenditure. Along with this, it also decreases
various kind of risk like legal and profit in business due to involvement of government and
public (Dinnie, 2015). On the other side, this type of ownership produces delay in executing any
types of business decisions which create negative impact as compared with others in heritage
and cultural sector. For example, Forth Bridge is the best example of Public ownership business
which was made in 1890.
Voluntary type Ownership: Voluntary ownership is group of people who make contract
as volunteers to make develop corporation. The main purpose of this corporation to complete
various work like social service for any kind of people in the United Kingdom. In addition to
this, voluntary types corporation provide very cheap and free services for better facilities of
national and international people in a appropriate manner (Prideaux, Timothy and Chon, 2013).
3.2 Analyzing roles and responsibilities of organizations in the heritage and cultural industry.
Generally, each corporation has different roles and responsibilities to provide better
facilities to national and global visitors
Role and responsibilities of Heritage Lottery fund
Heritage lottery fund (HLF) is government body corporation in Britain. This corporation
aids in allocating monetary funds for development of arts, health, education, charities,
environment, heritage along with sport activities. In addition to this, ratio of money is also fixed
as per their priority. According to data, HLF assigns 20 percent of its money on the art
development which also motivate art lovers in the Britain. A part from that corporation expends
40 percent of its monetary funds on the education, environmental as well as charities activities
which guides to produce better awareness for increasing these activities (About us. 2016). Along
with this, management of HLF spends 20 percent money on the improvement and better
development of heritage sites which support to attract many people across world. Furthermore,
organisation also invests its 20 percent money on development of sport activities which aid to
increase awareness regarding sports. This way, HLF aids to improve heritage and cultural sites
which support to improve heritage and cultural sector in the UK.
Management of Heritage Lottery fund is liable for handling organisational information,
research, evaluation and strategy planning for improvement of heritage and cultural destinations.
Along with this, these activities play important role for organisation to identify present trend as
well as lifestyle of people. They support the HLF to develop effective travel and tourism

strategies for developing heritage site which aid to provide better facilities to visitors. In
addition to this, management of HLF makes strategic plan as per future demand which helps to
maintain the importance of this cultural and heritage sites (About us. 2016). Further, they also
conduct research to evaluate the present value of these tourist destinations in eyes of people. So
this process aids the organisation to expand and manage its travel and tourism operations in a
appropriate manner.
Role and responsibilities of English heritage
English heritage is registered as a charity trust which contribute effectively to handle
heritage and cultural places. This organisation is also come under government in United
Kingdom. corporation aids to preserve domestic heritage collection at various sites. In addition
to this, management of English heritage consists 400 historical sites as well as many
monuments. Other than this, corporation is also preserving more than 5,000 years of history of
UK which aid to attract people from various countries. corporations handles London Blue
Plaques scheme for appropriate improvement of heritage and cultural site which directly shows
with historical fact as well as figures (Our values and vision. 2016). Furthermore, English
heritage helps to represents history of United Kingdom front of national and global visitors. In
addition to this, enterprise provides many efforts to gain better income from all kind of tourist
at heritage sites. These activities also support to manage 400 historical places in a systematic
manner. Further, English heritage gained revenues of 86706000 pounds in 2014 year.
The major responsibility of firm is to conserve 400 cultural and heritage tourism
destinations as well as monuments in Britain. organization does not charge any monetary funds
from visitors in minimum 250 heritage sites like Maiden Castle, St Catherine's Oratory and
Dorsett to encourage them to visit heritage and historical destinations again. English heritage is
responsible for increasing numbers of visitors in various historical destinations by developing
historic sites as well as adding valuable ancient things. Along with this, organization focuses on
infrastructure development to give attractive and unique look in order to increase frequency of
visitors. This activity contribute effectively to maintain the importance of heritage and cultural
sites (Our values and vision. 2016). In addition to this, English heritage provides better
entertainment to its people by representing the history of ancient historical destinations in the
United Kingdom.

TASK 4
4.1 Evaluating methods and media used for interpretation
Management of organizations can use many kind of media like kiosk machines,
documentary films, tour guides, education fest as well as posters which are considered for
interpretation in the heritage and cultural industry for international and domestic visitors in the
United Kingdom. Some of them are stated below in the points.
Tour guides: British and Natural History Museum are hired many tour guides for giving
proper information and knowledge to tourist in respect of ancient things as well as history of
United Kingdom. In addition to this, tour guides also offers better flexibility to visitors by giving
information of heritage and cultural sites in the different languages (Page, 2014). Further, this
approach lures many other people to visit the British and natural history museum. The main
advantage of this approach is that visitors can ask any queries regarding these museums which
aid to fulfill their desires. However, It can create problem for the different international visitors
to interpret value of heritage and cultural destinations due to knowledge of few languages of tour
guides.
Kiosk: Kiosk is digital machine which contribute effectively to represents different kind
of information to tourists in the different languages. Management of British and Natural history
museum install many Kiosks machines which aid the visitors to get different kind of historical
and cultural fact and figures (Staiff, Bushell and Watson, 2013). In addition to this, any local
and international visitors can interpret about these museums in all different languages which
provides better flexibility to achieve many kind of knowledge. However, sometimes it produces
issues access this machine due to technological failures in British and the Natural history
museum. Furthermore, it does not provide queries of visitors which produces complexities of
tourists.
Documentary Films: In this process, British and the Natural history museum makes
video films regarding history. Authorities shows documentary films to give better knowledge
about historic monuments which aids the visitors to know about old civilization, human as well
as history of ancient kings (Mason, 2015). This approach also entertain visitors in the British and
the Natural history museum. On the other side, these documentary films represents brief history
in respect of ancient things which create complexities for history lovers to know the complete
details of them.

Education Fest: British and Natural history museum can arrange education fest for
researchers as well as students within year (Morrison, 2013). Furthermore, management of
authorities shows different kind of types of ancient things to give effective knowledge to
different types of visitors at historical sites. Furthermore, this method play important role for
management of museums to exchange of culture with foreign tourists. This way, British and
Natural history museum can expand their culture which motivate the people to visit these place s
again by conducting these kind of heritage and cultural activities. On the other side, only few
visitors can take advantages of this opportunity due to limited time duration in these museums.
So this approach creates issues for many people to know about different historical things
(Newsome, Moore. and Dowling, 2012).
Posters: British as well as Natural history museum considers poster along with template
to give brief knowledge about different civilizations as well as other ancient things which
provide flexibility to know about different types of information for the local and international
visitors (Packer, Ballantyne and Hughes, 2014). A part from that, this approach also entertain the
tourists by knowing about heritage and cultural things.
CONCLUSION
From the report, it is found that growth and development of heritage and cultural sector is
increased as comparison of previous years. Possible recommendations of Tibet aids in reducing
conflict between local people and International agencies. Furthermore, British and natural history
museum also fulfill the needs and requirements of different kind of visitors by showing various
historical things. Knowledge about different kind ownership's such as proprietorship,
partnership, public as well as voluntary help the heritage organizations to manage their
operations in a appropriate manner. In addition to this, English heritage and HLF organization
motivates the people by conducting different types of activities. It can be concluded that kiosk,
posters, documentary films, tour guides as well as education fest provide effective flexibility for
better interpretation regarding heritage and cultural things.

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