Managing Cultural Diversity in Workplace

This study focuses on the importance of managing cultural diversity in the workplace. It discusses the meaning of workplace diversity, benefits of employing diverse workforce, challenges faced, effective strategies, and recommendations for promoting diversity and equality. The study aims to analyze ways of managing cultural diversity at workplace through a case study of Waitrose.

Research Project

ABSTRACT
In this study it has shown importance of developing aims and objectives on which basis,
researcher develops project and perform further steps. It has also covered all steps of research
methodologies like the type of research, philosophies, approaches, data collection and data
analysis tool for making the project more efficient. It has also shown that different people have
different views and most commonly known that the company is promoting and managing
workplace diversity because by doing this it gets competitive advantages and also decrease
labour turnover.

Table of Contents
ABSTRACT.....................................................................................................................................2
TOPIC: Managing cultural diversity in workplace..........................................................................1
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
Background of the study.........................................................................................................1
Aims and Objectives........................................................................................................................2
Significance............................................................................................................................2
Theme 1: Meaning of workplace diversity.............................................................................3
Theme 2: Benefits of employing diverse workforce..............................................................4
Theme 3: Challenges during promoting workplace diversity................................................4
Theme 4: Effective strategies of managing cultural diversity................................................5
Theme 5: Recommendations of solving problems related to workplace diversity................6
Research Methodology..................................................................................................................10
Findings and Analysis:...................................................................................................................13
CONCLUSION..............................................................................................................................23
Recommendations:.........................................................................................................................23
Reflection.......................................................................................................................................23
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................25

TOPIC: Managing cultural diversity in workplace.
INTRODUCTION
Equality and diversity is a broad term that ensure that everybody should be given an
equal opportunity and not be treated differently on the basis of age, gender qualifications etc
(Al-Jenaibi, 2017. If company does not provide equal opportunities and does not treat them in an
effective manner then it lowers their morale and de-motivates them. Discrimination on the basis
of culture and ethnicity can create several problems for companies as it can increase employees’
turnover rate, lack of motivation among employees, lack of innovation and creativity within an
organization and poor productivity and sales as well. Because de-motivated employees or those
employees who experienced discriminated at their workplace they are less likely to support
companies in accomplishing their goals which limits innovation and creativity in an
organization.
Background of the study
This study is going to show the importance of research methodologies that consists of
several elements like its types, approaches and philosophies. This present study is based on
Waitrose which is well known brand of supermarkets. It sells groceries as part of Britain’s
largest employee-owned retailer. This retailer was found in the year of 1904 by Wallace Waite.
It will discuss all important aspects related to workplace diversity as well as discrimination on
the basis of cultures which can have several negative effects on performance of company. By
making an effective use of views of authors and literature it will help out to researcher in
providing all answers related to workplace diversity as well as discrimination and their effects. It
will identify benefits which companies can have by promoting diversity as well as equality at
workplace in all bases or by providing fair treatment to all employees. Further, it will also
discuss some problems which companies often face while planning as well as implementing
diversity at workplace such as resistance of employees, languages problems and others. Lastly it
will show ways by which companies can promote equality and employ diverse workforce within
organization in an effective manner and it is one of the main reasons of conducting research on
this topic.
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Aims and Objectives
Aim:
“ To analyse some ways of managing cultural diversity at workplace by overcoming all
issues related to diversity and equality. A case study of Waitrose.”
Objectives:
 To identify the meaning and broad concept of workplace diversity.
 To explore some benefits of employing diverse workforces for Waitrose.
 To identify some challenges that occur at workplace during promoting workplace
diversity.
 To identify effective strategies of managing cultural diversity and equality at
Waitrose.
 To recommend some ways of promoting equality and diversity at workplace.
Research Questions:
 What is the actual concept of the term workplace diversity?
 Which types of benefits Waitrose can get by employing diverse workforces?
 What problems occur in managing workplace diversity and equality?
 Which strategies can help Waitrose in solving problems related to cultural diversity and
equality?
 What are some recommendations of promoting an effective diversity at workplace.
Significance
In the context of equality and diversity it can be said that it is one of the common and
important topic which not only help companies in taking advantages but can allow to all in
accomplishing their goals and making themselves able to increase values. Diversity and equality
means providing equal and fair treatment to all people whether they are black, white, males,
females and others. When all people at workplace and all places are being given fair and equal
opportunities then it makes them feel valued and motivated (Dhanani, Beus and Joseph, 2018).
They are more likely to focus on their work and being loyal towards others. So, by conducting
research on this topic like workplace diversity on the basis of culture and valuing each others’
beliefs and each others, they can also improve relation. Improved relation allows people to help
each others in their work which reduces errors and eventually help companies in accomplishing
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their goals. So, by conducting research on this topic, researcher can help companies in
improving their image, bringing innovation and can also make all employees feel valued at
workplace.
Rationale:
Diversity and equality is an important topic which can give several advantages to the
company if it promotes it in an effective way. It is a broad term and interesting topic because it
can be beneficial not only at professional and academic level as well as can be helpful at
personal and at all level. So, personal interest and usefulness at all level of this topic is the main
reason of selection. By identifying challenges, importance and strategies to overcome challenges
related to workplace diversity, an organization can accomplish it's all goals.
LITERATURE REVIEW
Theme 1: Meaning of workplace diversity
Zanoni and Janssens, (2015) Workplace diversity means respecting values and beliefs of
each other’s providing equal or fair treatment to people with different cultures and ethnicity.
There are several companies who employ different cultures of employees and when they provide
equal treatment and opportunities on the basis of performance not on the basis of culture then it
is known as workplace diversity. Having diversified employees at one place like males, females,
black employees, white employees, all age group of people are also considered workplace
diversity. On the other hand, those companies who do not provide equal treatment to employees
with different cultures are known as workplace discrimination.
On the other hand, Barak, (2016) stated that When employees of different cultures get
opportunities to apply in any organization for employment and when they are being treated in an
equal manner as like local employees then those companies are known as diverse companies and
this treatment at workplace is known as workplace diversity and equality. It has several benefits
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for both employees and employers as taking competitive advantages, bringing innovation,
creativity, learning new things and improving overall performance.
Theme 2: Benefits of employing diverse workforce
According to the Knights and Omanović, (2016) by managing workplace diversity and
employing diverse workforce within an organization, company can become the market leader.
For example: If an organization have employees with different cultures and allow them to work
with collaboration and in a team then it can help them out in bringing innovation and creativity.
When employees discuss on same topic then they try to put extra efforts in it and help
companies in taking competitive advantages. Customers when they get unique features or
innovative products then they are more likely to buy products and also help company in
promoting their goods by words of mouth. It can also be said that when employees work in a
team then they help each others which reduces their errors and lead improved productivity and
effective quality of products. It can also help in attracting customers to the great extent. So, it
can be said that by employing diverse workforce company can increase sales and image as well.
For more supporting this view, Harker, (2016) stated that by employing diverse
workforce company can make its working environment effective and competitive. People prefer
to work with companies who does not discriminate their employees on the basis of cultures and
others. It makes them feel valued by which they stay with the company for the long run and
support them in accomplishing their goals by suggesting those ways of improving and
developing business. By doing so, company can make a pool of skilled workforce which can
allow them in taking advantages of all external opportunities.
Theme 3: Challenges during promoting workplace diversity.
As per the view of Brunila and Ylöstalo, (2015) Employees’ resistance is one of the
main problems in promoting diversity. Employees of the local country or the country of the
company feel that by employing diverse workforce or employees of different cultures,
companies are limiting promotional and other opportunities for them. They feel that all
promotional and other opportunities should be given to local employees. So, it is important for
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companies to make them able and understand that promotional and other opportunities are being
given on the basis of performance not on the basis of locality and cultures of employees. Other
main reason by which they resist to employers from employing diverse workforce or employees
of other cultures is language problems Law, Hills and Hau, (2017). Different cultures have
different languages and understanding different languages can be difficult for employees. When
they do not understand languages and messages which employees share then it increases errors
due to miscommunication. These increments in errors in work affect their performance and
productivity. For these errors they blame their colleagues of different cultures which increase
conflicts. Increment in conflicts affect workplace environment in a negative manner to the great
extent. So, it can be said that all these problems are not limited to one as it increases problems
day by day which needs to be solved.
In addition, it can also be stated McParland and Connolly, (2020) that languages and
employees resistance barriers to company also affect performance of the company which can
limit other external opportunities like competitive advantages, attracting customers to the great
extent, poor quality of products etc. So, it is important for Waitrose to focus on this area and
explore some techniques or ways by which it can solve all these problems and make employees
understand that by employing different cultures of employee it will not affect them and it will
help them out in meeting their goals.
Theme 4: Effective strategies of managing cultural diversity
As per the view of Al-Jenaibi, (2017) stated that training is one of the best ways which
not only help employees in improving their productivity but also, companies can also make
themselves beneficial and take competitive advantages. When employees get training then it
increases their knowledge as it is stated that resistance of employees is one of the main problems
which companies face while employing diverse workforce. So, by providing training, employers
can make them aware about importance of employing people of different cultures and how they
can help them and company in improving their image. By making them aware with the help of
providing practical examples in training and development session, employers of companies can
make employees able and agree them to promote diversity. By getting training they can also
work with other employees in an effective manner without hurting and getting hurt which can
improve overall productivity of the company. It is also stated that language problems is also
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main problem as employees face problem while interacting with different cultures of people.
But with an appropriate training and allowing all employees to use one specific language at
workplace but having a little knowledge of all languages, this problem can be solved out.
On the other hand, Price and Nelson, (2018). Team working is the best way of promoting
diversity without having any type of barriers. Resistance of employees to employ diverse
workforce, languages problems and others can be solved out by this way of team working.
Employers require allotting work to employees in a team as per their experience and
qualification. When employees of different cultures work in a team then they are more likely to
interact with each others for solving problems, discussing something and accomplishing
common goals. When they interact with each other’s then they try ti understand human
behaviours’ and feelings of others. While working on a team and for accomplishing share team
goal they help each other’s which improves their relation. Improved relation help them out in
making refreshed at workplace. They tend to share their feelings and forget about different
cultures and compromise rather creating conflicts. So, it can be said that team working is one of
the best ways of making employees aware about importance of having people of different
cultures and eliminating discrimination. It does not only improves their relation and allow them
in understanding importance of diverse workforce but it can also help companies in taking
competitive advantages and becoming the market leader. Because when employees help each
others in their work then it reduces errors and collaboration brings innovation in the company.
By providing innovative and creative products, company can increase customers’ satisfaction
and retention rate.
So, from the above discussed ways it can be said that Waitrose retailer can promote
diversity and equality at their workplace and employ diverse workforce which can improve its
image and allow it to become the market leader as well.
Theme 5: Recommendations of solving problems related to workplace diversity
According to the Thomas, (2015) Employees at workplace work for different reasons
such as for earning money as they want to foster their families some want to increase their
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knowledge or increase skills by working at different stage of companies and some wants to take
promotional opportunities and gain image. So, overall it can be said that employees either have
financial and non financial motivation and needs. For motivating employees towards
accomplishing goals, retaining with the company and allow them to follow all guidelines and
rules implemented by company, it is important to have skilled and motivated employees.
Motivated employee put extra efforts to company to meet their goals and support them at every
stage. So, in this regard it can be said that by identifying needs of employees of different
cultures company can provide either financial or non-financial rewards as motivation.
In financial rewards they can provide bonus, incentives, performance appraisal and
salary increment on the basis of performance and by entitling employees with different tags.
Whereas, in non financial type, company can provide promotional opportunities, appreciation,
celebration of success of employees and others. All these ways can help company in
encouraging employees to follow all policies and guidelines and understand companies of
employing different cultures or diverse workforce in their company.
Whereas, Greene, (2018) said By implementing open door policy, employers can make
employees feel that they are important resources and employers are concerned with their queries
and problems. In an open door policy, employees are allow going and talking to manager or
employees and can seek for solutions. When employers give them appropriate solutions in a
timely manner then it makes them feel valued and become engaged with the company. Engaged
employees are more likely to support company in accomplishing their goal s as well as
understand human behaviours and feelings of colleagues.
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Research Methodology
Research methodology is an important part of the whole research as it is an effective
process that is being used by researcher to analyse, select and identify informations about the
specific topic of the study. It covers several elements like research types, philosophies,
approaches, designs, data collection and analysis which all allows scholar as well as reader to
evaluate the study's reliability and validity. The importance and the main purpose of research
methodology is to solve planning as well as operational problems and making the decision-
making process efficient. All elements of research onion and methodology are described as
below:
Research types: For understanding research type, there is a requirement to understand
the meaning of research. Research is a systematic investigation of a problem which is being
conducted by researcher with the main aim of generating new knowledge as well as validating
existing knowledge (Lewis, 2015). There are mainly two types of research which shows the
form of collection of data like numerical and non-numerical. Qualitative research deals with
phenomena that are difficult to quantify mathematically. This type of data collected in meaning,
understanding form. Whereas, quantitative is being completed by using some scientific
methods. It is also a systematic investigation of a problem through mathematical and statistical
techniques. In a research it is required to find out what methods are being taken to use in it.
These methods give insight on how research was done and what methods are used in it. Also, in
study methods used differ from one another as it is chosen on basis of nature and type of
research. furthermore, it becomes easy for scholar to do research in systematic way. he or she
gets insight on what method is to be used. Similarly, in present study the methods are identified
as below
For this study, researcher has selected qualitative type because the main aim of
researcher is to increase knowledge and gather in depth understanding of human behaviour
Research philosophy: It is a feeling about technique in which data bout a phenomenon
should be collected, analysed and used. There are 2 main approaches which is known as
positivism and interpretivism. Positivism believes that only factual knowledge gain via
observations and the role of scholar is also limited in this approach. It is appropriate for
quantitative research type. On the other hand, interpretivism is all related to small sample
which gives a depth understanding. It is appropriate for qualitative research type. Researcher
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who select interpretivism, they believe that access to reality is can only be through social
construction like languages and shared meaning. For this study, scholar has selected
interpretivism philosophy.
Research approach: Inductive and deductive are 2 research approach according to
which they generate and use data, As per the inductive approach, researcher use data collection
in order to explore a phenomenon by creating a new conceptual theory. It does not involve
formulation of hypothesis. On the other hand, deductive approach is all about a hypothesis of
data by existing and testing theory. For making this research successful, researcher has selected
inductive research approach (Tjora, 2018).It shows that how research will gather data in order to
analyse it. with this study is proceeded in systematic way. there are many ways of approaches
followed in it that are deductive, inductive an abductive. in inductive new theories and concepts
are evolved. there is change in things of how concept relate to it. thus hypothesis is made.
whereas in deductive approach assumptions are validated.
Research design
it is a plan to conduct study in step by step manner. this enables researcher to produce
relevant and precise outcomes by gathering specific data. the two common research strategies
available which are exploratory and conclusive. in exploratory design the topic or subject is
explored. there is more study done in that field to gain new knowledge and data and obtain
information. It does not provide answers to questions defined. On contrary, in conclusive only
conclusion is obtained from research. this is divided into two i.e. descriptive and causal.
Descriptive defines specific research area or topic whereas casual studies cause and effect
relationship. this is mostly used in answering hypothesis and then getting desired outcomes. in
this study exploratory design will be used. it will be useful in finding out that how diversity and
equality is managed. so, methods and ways of doing it will be obtained.
Data collection: Data collection is an important part as without collecting informations
from the relevant source, scholar cannot complete its research. Primary and secondary are 2
types that has several sources. With primary sources, researcher collect new data and make its
research reliable. On the other hand, with the help of secondary sources like books and journals,
internet, researcher collects second hand data that are published already and has also used before
(Fallon, 2016). For making the research effective, primary data collection will be used.
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Researcher will also collect some data from secondary data collection. it is important to gather
data in effective way so that precise outcomes are achieved. this allow in attaining of goals and
objectives. the data collection is process to find out how data is gathered and from what
resources. furthermore, selection of resources needs to authentic and valid
Sampling: Sampling means a group of people which are being selected by researcher to
get reliable data. Probabilistic and non probabilistic are 2 types of sampling. In the probabilistic
type, all selected members are given equal chance of being selected. It is also called random
sampling. Simple random is the best way of probabilistic which is being selected by researcher
for this study (Chiodini, 2019). In non-probabilistic and non-random type of sampling, in
which odds of any member is being selected for a sample. They are not given chances equally of
being selected. For this study, researcher select 20 employees of Waitrose as a sample. this is
process of taking out sample from population. it is done to make study easy and gather data
from them. for that there are various criteria which is used in it such as age, gender etc On basis
of it samples is taken.
Data analysis: After collecting data from different sources, it is important to make them
reliable and modify them accordingly. There are 2 methods by which researcher can analyse
data such as qualitative and quantitative. In the quantitative type, statistical tools like SPSS is
being selected for analysing numerical data. For analysing qualitative data, thematic analysis
tool is being selected. For this study also, researcher has made an effective use of qualitative
data (Houghton and et.al., 2015). the data needs to be analysed properly so that relevant
outcomes are obtained. The researcher must be able to analyse data in an effective way so that
aim and objectives will be effectually attained. Moreover, to get the desired outcomes, proper
analysis technique must be used.
Research limitations: At the time of conducting research, scholar has to face several
problems which may be internal and external. Some internal factors that creates problems are:
lack of human resources, financial resources, limitation of time to submit report etc. Some other
problems which occur includes: Climate changes, regulations changes etc. The main limitation
for this study was skilled technical staff.
Ethical issues: For making qualitative research and improving image of researcher, he
needs to follow all codes of ethics of research. Some ethics which need to be considered are: to
keep personal and professional data safe, to do not bound anyone to participate in research and
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questionnaire (Roberts, 2015). Being honest and loyal towards the company and people is the
main code of ethic.
Findings and Analysis:
Questionnaire
1. Do you agree that management of workplace diversity can give competitive advantages to
your company?
 Strongly agree
 Disagree
2. Do your company treat different backgrounds and cultures of employees in the same
manner?
 Yes
 No
3. Which management style Waitrose follow for managing workplace diversity?
 Autocratic
 Democratic
4. What benefits does workplace diversity pose to organization?
 Innovation in working environment
 Increased productivity
5. What benefits does workplace diversity pose to employees of Waitrose?
 Improved relationship
 Learning opportunities
6. What limitations does workplace diversity pose to Waitrose?
 Increased conflicts
 Labour turnover
 Adaption of employees
7. Which recruitment method is being followed by your company?
 Internal recruitment
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 External recruitment
8. The best strategy which your company use to overcome barriers of management diversity
at workplace?
 Rewards to employees
 Training to employees
9. What would you recommend and piece of advice for promoting diversity and solving all
barriers related to this?
….................
1. Competitive advantages by management of
workplace diversity
Frequency
Strongly agree 15
Disagree 5
Interpretation: From the above data, it can be interpreted and said that, majority of employees
or 15 employees of Waitrose strongly agree that by managing diversity at workplace, it can take
14
Strongly agree
Disagree
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16
Column B

competitive advantages. By employing diverse workforce, it can get different skills of
employees which produce qualitative work and they can give their best to help company in
achieve competitive advantage in the marke. On the other hand, 5 employees said that they do
not believe and agree on this question. They said that there are other factors which helps the
company in taking competitive advantages like technology, quality of products, pricing etc, But
the diversification in the workplace will create the problems like conflicts situation and
employees will not accept the other background people.
2. Equally treatment of different backgrounds
and cultures of employees
Frequency
Yes 13
No 7
Interpretation: It is interpreted from the above data about the treatment to employees that, 13
out of 20 employees of Waitrose said that there company treat all employees in the same
manner. They also said that it does not discriminate them on the basis of age, gender and
abilities which increases their morale, and they were happy to worked with the Waitrose because
it is one of the top leading company I the retailer company, and they said that each and every
employed at the workplace of the company area treated equally by the superiors of the
company. Whereas, the least number of employees or 7 employees said that they felt that
employer of their company discriminate them. They said that due to experience and abilities,
existing and local employees are given special treatment.
15
Yes
No

3. Management style for managing workplace
diversity
Frequency
Autocratic 12
Democratic 8
Interpretation: From the above data and the question asked from 20 employees of Waitrose it
is stated that, 12 employees said that in almost situations their company follow autocratic
management style. They also said that they do not give opportunities to employees in their
decision-making process which decreases their self-esteem. On the other hand, 8 employees said
that Waitrose follows autocratic management style in which all employees are given
opportunities to take active participation in decision-making process. It is beneficial for
employees as it motivates them and increase their skills. They believe that different opinion
from the people cannot provide right solutions and this can also demotivate the other who have
the different opinion related to the engagement of the workplace diversity so they are happy
with the Automotive management style and they were agree with this style.
4. Benefits of workplace diversity for
organization?
Frequency
Innovative working environment 11
Improvement in productivity 9
16
Autocratic Democratic
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Column B

Interpretation: From the above, it can be said that, 11 employees of Waitrose said and believe
that an effective management of workplace diversity and equality make working environment of
the company more innovative which is beneficial for the company. It allows employees to work
efficiently in an effective and fresh environment.
On the other hand, 9 employees said that by employing diverse workforce and managing
diversity, company take advantage of improved productivity which directly lead increment in
sales and revenues as well. They can create good environment at their workplace and t will also
create good image in the customers mind.
5. Benefits of workplace diversity for
employees.
Frequency
Improved relationship 7
Learning opportunities 13
17
Innovative working environment Improvement in productivity
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
Column B

Interpretation: Same question and benefits of management of diversity in the context of
employees asked. 13 and majority of employees of Waitrose said that it gives them opportunities
to learn something new. When they work with diverse workforce and employees then they share
their skills, knowledge and experience which teach them something new. On the other side, 7
employees said that it improves their relationship. When they work in a team for common goal
then they interact with each other which improves their relations. They said that it will improve
the relationship between the employees because every culture language gender will work
together will provide them chance to understand each other and each other's culture.
6. Limitations of workplace diversity for
Waitrose.
Frequency
Increased conflicts 8
Labour turnover 5
Adaption of employees 7
18
Improved relationship
Learning opportunities
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Column B

Interpretation: It is asked from 20 employees of Waitrose that their company face which type
of problems and limitation at the time of promoting workplace diversity. Out of 20 employees, 8
employees said that it increases conflicts among employees, Because they can deny accepting
the employees from the other culture , it can be , on the basis of their cast and their religion and
the conflict situation at the workplace of the Waitrose will be disadvantage for their business
and their growth, and they will not able to take competitive advantages. Due to generation gap,
employees views does not match which becomes the reason of conflicts. On the other hand, 5
employees said that it increased the number of staff turnover due to languages issues,
communication and misunderstanding which can create the confusions between the employees,
and they cannot understand the information, and they will not able to perform their task
properly. 7 employees also interpreted that some employees do not adapt this change initially
and this is the main problem which company face.
7. Recruitment method by your company Frequency
Internal 7
External 13
19
Increased conflicts
Labour turnover
Adaption of employees

Interpretation: Recruitment and selection methods also plays an important role in management
of diversity and equality at workplace. Out of 20 employees, 7 employees said that Waitrose
majorly focuses on internal recruitment process which motivates them towards accomplishing
company's goals. They also said that the internal process will provide the chance to the
employees who are working in the company from the long time to work on the higher post and
company does not have to spend money of the recruitment and it will also save their time. On
the other hand, majority of employees and 13 employees said that their company focuses on
external recruitment and allow outsiders which demotivate existing employees. It is the main
weakness of the company which sometimes become the reason of labour turnover and
dissatisfaction.
8. Strategy by your company to overcome
barriers of management diversity
Frequency
Rewards to employees 6
Training to employees 14
20
Internal External
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
Column B

Interpretation: On the question of strategy for solving the problems related to workplace
diversity like languages issues, adaption of employees, 6 employees out of 20 said that their
company give them rewards as per the needs of employees. BY providing rewards, employer of
their company motivates to help the company in achieving their goals. On the other hand, 14
employees said that manager of Waitrose focuses and invest in training and development
programs. With the help of training they increase employees skills and give them basic
knowledge about different cultures and languages. This will also provide the motivation to the
employees, and they can give their best in the task. They believe that training provide them
knowledge and skills which they can use for the professional development, and they can
achieve the higher post in the future in the Waitrose company.
9. Recommend and piece of advice for promoting diversity
Interpretation: In the open-ended question, employees and sample were given equal
chance to speak up on the topic of workplace diversity. Different employees gave different
suggestions. Some of them said that company should focus on team working and also celebrate
different cultures festivals by which they get to know the importance and believes of different
cultures. Most of the employees do not have proper knowledge about the importance and
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Rewards to employees
Training to employees
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14
Column B

concept of workplace diversity. They also do not accept them so, by giving project in a team
they can increase their knowledge and relations as well. Creating diversity friendly policies,
company can bind all employees to follow them and understand the importance and benefits of
management of workplace diversity.
CONCLUSION
From the above study it has been summarized that management of workplace diversity
and equality played an important role as it gives several advantages to the company. It has also
shown some problems that occur while employing diverse workforce and promoting diversity
like languages issues, conflicts etc. Further, this report discussed increasing importance of
research methodology and data collection as it helped scholar in making its project successful.
Sample and data analysis also helped researcher in getting reliable data relevant to the selected
topic and helped the company in accomplishing their aims and objectives.
Recommendations:
As per the basis of above questions and study it can be recommended to the company
that it should focus on its employees rather than tasks. It is analysed that Waitrose follows
autocratic management style which decreases morale of employees. So, for motivating and
increasing their morale, it needs to apply democratic or given equal chance in decision-making
process. It can also be suggested to the company that it needs to focus on internal recruitment
and given opportunities of promotion and other to its existing employees. For managing equality
at workplace in an efficient manner, it should allocate tasks in a team and group. By allocating
team and group tasks, all employees will interact with each other and work for accomplishing a
common goal. It will increase their relationship, understanding and decrease conflicts.
Reflection
From the above study, I learned a systematic way of conducting research which can give
qualitative research project. BY following steps of conducting research project, an individual
can make its project successful as each step plays an important role. I learned that each topic has
2 sides like positive and negative. For solving negative factors and problems related to
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workplace diversity and of any topic it has some solutions and strategies. Having passions in
any type of situation makes a researcher more able to overcome all problems. Further, I also
learned the importance of data collection and analysis of all factors which need to be considered
at the time of selecting all elements of research methodologies.
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REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Al-Jenaibi, B., 2017. The scope and impact of workplace diversity in the United Arab Emirates–
A preliminary study. Geografia-Malaysian Journal of Society and Space. 8(1).
Barak, M.E.M., 2016. Managing diversity: Toward a globally inclusive workplace. Sage
Publications.
Brunila, K. and Ylöstalo, H., 2015. Challenging gender inequalities in education and in working
life–a mission possible?. Journal of education and work. 28(5). pp.443-460.
Buchanan, T., 2018. Personality biases in different types of'internet samples' can influence
research outcomes. Computers in Human Behavior. 86. pp.235-244.
Bullock, R., Little, M. and Millham, S., 2017. The relationships between quantitative and
qualitative approaches in social policy research. In Mixing methods: qualitative and
quantitative research (pp. 81-99). Routledge.
Chiodini, P., 2019. Some proposals for probabilistic sampling in rare disease studies. In IBS
Conference.
Crowder, M.J., 2017. Statistical analysis of reliability data. Routledge.
Fallon, M., 2016. Primary Data Collection. In Writing up Quantitative Research in the Social
and Behavioral Sciences(pp. 147-155). SensePublishers, Rotterdam.
Gotsis, G. and Grimani, K., 2016. Diversity as an aspect of effective leadership: Integrating and
moving forward. Leadership & Organization Development Journal. 37(2). pp.241-264.
Greene, R.J., 2018. Rewarding performance: Guiding principles; custom strategies. Routledge.
Houghton, C. and et.al., 2015. Qualitative case study data analysis: An example from practice.
Nurse researcher. 22(5).
Knights, D. and Omanović, V., 2016. (Mis) managing diversity: exploring the dangers of
diversity management orthodoxy. Equality, Diversity and Inclusion: An International
Journal. 35(1). pp.5-16.
Lewis, J., 2018. Waitrose and Partners Factory List 2018.
Lewis, S., 2015. Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five approaches.
Health promotion practice. 16(4). pp.473-475.
Powilleit, S., Hand Held Products Inc, 2015. Data collection module and system. U.S. Patent
9,058,526.
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Price, K.M. and Nelson, K.L., 2018. Planning effective instruction: Diversity responsive
methods and management. Cengage Learning.
Roberts, L.D., 2015. Ethical issues in conducting qualitative research in online communities.
Qualitative Research in Psychology. 12(3). pp.314-325.
Thomas, D.C., 2015. Cultural intelligence. Wiley Encyclopedia of Management, pp.1-3.
Tjora, A., 2018. Qualitative Research as Stepwise-Deductive Induction: A Stepwise-Deductive
Inductive Approach. Routledge.
Zanoni, P. and Janssens, M., 2015. The power of diversity discourses at work: On the
interlocking nature of diversities and occupations. Organization Studies. 36(11),
pp.1463-1483.
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