Role of Leadership and Management in Promoting Gender Equality at Workplace

This research project aims to identify the role of leadership and management in promoting gender equality at the workplace. It includes chapters on introduction, literature review, research methodology, and research outcomes. The study focuses on Apple Inc. and its workplace practices.

Research Project
(Role of leadership and management in promoting of gender
equality at workplace)

Executive Summary
Main purpose of this research project is to identifying the role of leadership and
management in promoting of gender equality at workplace. In order to attain this purpose,
different chapters were completed successfully. These chapter are introduction, review of
literature, research methodology etc. These chapters supported researcher in attainment of
research aim and objectives.

Table of Contents
Executive Summary.........................................................................................................................2
Introduction......................................................................................................................................4
Overview of the topic.............................................................................................................4
Background of the company...................................................................................................4
Research questions.................................................................................................................5
Research aim and objectives..................................................................................................5
Literature Review.............................................................................................................................6
How gender equality helps in improvement of organisational performance?........................6
What are the significance of gender equality in management and leadership?......................7
What are the effective ways that will be used by leadership and management for promoting
gender equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.?....................................................................8
Methodology and Data Collection...................................................................................................9
Data analysis and interpretations...................................................................................................11
Research Outcomes........................................................................................................................21
Covered in PPT.....................................................................................................................21
Conclusion and Recommendations................................................................................................21
Reflection & Recommendation of alternative research methodology...........................................22
REFERENCES..............................................................................................................................24
APPENDIX....................................................................................................................................25

Introduction
Overview of the topic
Leadership is the point of guidance to others for completion of work in most appropriate
manner. On the other hand, management includes the similar aspect of guidance with wide
nature of functioning regarding performance of work on stipulated period of time. Both these
aspects have huge level importance in life and an organisation. The concept of leadership helps
in development of effective teams within an organisation while concept of management aid in
completion of overall work on time (Alhejji and et. al., 2018). The various number of benefits
associated with the effective level implementation of these concepts within an organisation
includes good team buildings, completion of tasks on time, ascertainment of overall objectives,
improvement in productivity and enhancement of profitability. This analysis depicts that
important for an organisation to have these concepts within an organisation for the purpose of
getting success. The another point that will build within an organisation with the aid of this is
positive working environment and surroundings. In overall manner, this will help to accomplish
objectives along with competitive edge in market. Application of same within Apple will must
help to align employee interest within organisational activities along with building positive
image among stakeholders.
Background of the company
Apple is the large multinational organisation that has business operations at worldwide
level. This organisation has its headquarter in Cupertino, California. The products and service in
which this organisation deal includes consumer electronics, computer software and online
services. The successive nature of business operations helps this organisation to be distinct from
others in market along with holding the position of largest mark player at worldwide level. In
actual, this company was founded in the year 1976. The total number of retail stores have by an
organisation at worldwide level are around 510. The number of employees who are serving to
this organisation on global level are around 137000. There are many subsidiaries of Apple too.
These are known as Apple Energy LLC, Apple Sales International, Apple Services, Apple
worldwide video, Anobit and Beddit. The overall description of an organisation depicts that it
has effective number of resources and capabilities that enables them to be world most successful
organisation.

Research questions
 How gender equality helps in improvement of organisational performance?
 What are the significance of gender equality in management and leadership?
 What are the effective ways that will be used by leadership and management for
promoting gender equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.?
Research aim and objectives
Research aim:
Main aim of the current investigation is “To identify the role of leadership and
management in promoting of gender equality at workplace”. A study on Apple Aberdeen, Union
Square 27/28 Ground Level Mall, Union Square Aberdeen, AB11 5PN.
Research Objectives
 To identify the importance of gender equality within an organisation.
 To determine the role of gender equality in leadership and management.
 To explore ways that will be used by leadership and management for promoting gender
equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.

Literature Review
How gender equality helps in improvement of organisational performance?
According to the Gupta and et. al., (2019), Equality is the wider concept that includes
about similarity among all personnel on the basis of all different grounds such as age, gender,
disability etc. It is important for all organisation to maintain equality within an organisation. This
will not only help to develop the good image but improves their internal and external workings.
Internal working is improved because it motivates the employees to work hard within an
organisation because they will get similar in return. On the other hand, external working is
improved because clients build faith over the organisational workings that they will never do
wrong with them. Here, gender equality is the term that depicts the aspect of equality among
personnel on the basis of their gender. It means that no difference will be maintained in between
male and female on the basis of points like working policies, rewards, promotions and payments.
This point has hue level contribution in the development of an organisation. The different
number of benefits associated with this aspect includes positive working environment, higher
employee engagement, higher level motivation and effective team building. In overall manner,
all these must help an organisation to improve their performance and accomplish desired targets.
Internally, gender equality boosts the morale of employees that their performance is considered
for the promotion and reward instead some other criterion. This improves their engagement and
involvement in task activities along with supportive behaviour that ultimately aid in completion
of tasks by all employees on stipulated period of time.
As per the view presented by Coe, Wiley and Bekker, (2019), The motivation on ground
level aid in development of effective teams along with family environment that ensures
completion of work with quality. The another benefit that can be attained from the effective
application of this aspect is optimum utilisation of resources and reduction in the amount of
errors. The one more benefit which is associated with the point of equality and gender equality is
less rate of labour turnover. This automatically serves to an organisation in positive manner
where they can retain the talented employees for longer period of time and build the team which
able to perform all tasks in kind of situation. The benefit of this point will be ascertained in the
form of competitive edge and unique image that effective in nature to attract the existing and
potential number of clients and customers.

What are the significance of gender equality in management and leadership?
According to the Dashper (2020), there are large number of benefits which are associated
with concept of equality and gender equality to an organisation. The one important aspect or
determinant that can drive benefits from the application or presence of gender equality within an
organisation is leaders and managers in the perspective of leadership and management. Gender
equality builds the positive environment along with trustable behaviour of employees towards
organisational activities and polices. This will make the work easier for leader and manager
because they will able to influence employees easily in more effective manner. The basic reason
behind the easy influence is trust of employees over organisational practices and their
personnel’s that never perform the activity which will harm their interest. So, the concept of
equality and gender equality will must help the leaders and managers to perform their actions
effectively. Leaders have the major role related to motivation and guidance of employees. This
can be done effectively when employee has belief over the working of leader. This will be
developed in the situation when organisation has good practices and leader performs good.
As per the opinion of González-Navarro and et. al., (2018), the organisational practices
reflects the leader decision making ability of building strategies and policies. Ultimately, this
will aid in creation of belief and trust among employees upon leader. This makes the leader work
easy because employees will effectively be going to listen and follow the instructions. This help
the leader to guide and improve the set skill of employees for further development of effective
teams. Manager has the main role related to management of daily workings. Here, support of
employees is must for the completion of daily allotted work. This is possible in the situation
when employees are happy with organisational practices and working environment and this will
be achieved through the fulfilment of their needs and wants. So, equality is the major concern of
all employees within an organisation and its fulfilment in all respect help to gain their trust and
support. So, presence of gender equality must help in improving motivation level of employees
along with trust so they can support the managers of an organisation to complete the allotted
work on set deadlines. So, it is clear from the above defined facts that contribution of gender
equality is immense in the development of leadership and management perspective within an
organisation.

What are the effective ways that will be used by leadership and management for promoting
gender equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.?
According to the Alemu, Van Kempen and Ruben, (2018), equality and gender equality
are such aspects which are necessary to be promoted at workplace. Effective implementation and
regular promotion is the only way regarding their successful setup within an organization. It is
the duty of managers and leaders that they promote equality within an organization. Here, they
must have needed to focus over promotion of all different aspects associated with the point of
equality. The one under this is about gender equality. This will help them to build the positive
working environment along with belief that all employees at workplace are treated equality and
get the opportunities on the basis of their work. The different ways that can be adopted by the
leader for the promotion of equality and gender equality within an organization are of different
types. The detailed level description of these all is provided below;
Promotion: leaders and managers have to focus over promotion of employees at higher
levels on their performance basis. This help in delivering the message among the all personnel at
workplace that organization is concerned about the performance and output instead of gender as
factor for promoting (Hoert, Herd and Hambrick, 2018).
Rewards: This is the technique of rewarding for the performance of god work. It is must
for the leaders and managers to provide rewards to their subordinates so they will work hard.
Also, they needed to follow the criterion of performance for rewarding. This exercise will also
help in deliverance the message at ground level that organization is concerned about the working
and results for rewarding of their employees instead of any factor that create biases.

Methodology and Data Collection
This is an important and significant part of research project because it helps investigator
in collecting of accurate amount of data successfully. There are some essential types of research
methodologies that will be explained as below:
Research approach: Inductive and deductive are known as two approaches of research
that helps in analyzing of information about the topic. According to the current investigation,
deductive approach will be applied because it facilitates in analyzing of quantitative data within
minimum time period (Kelan and Wratil, 2018).
Research philosophy: Positive and interpretivisim are called two types of research
philosophies. According to the present study, positivism research philosophy is important as it
assist investigator in collecting and analyzing of quantitative type of data in less period of time.
Interpretivisim philosophy is not valuable in this study because it requires qualitative data that
take maximum time and resources (Kim and et. al., 2019).
Qualitative and quantitative method: These are considered two types of research choice
that are effective in conducting of any type of investigation easily. In this research, quantitative
research is more valuable because it provides numerical information in minimum time period.
Qualitative method is not valuable for this study because it consumes more time and not provides
data in numerical way (Mroz, Yoerger and Allen, 2018).
Primary and secondary sources: These are two essential sources of data collection that
are used within an investigation. Questionnaire will be applied for gathering of primary
information because it facilitates in gaining of valid and reliable data easily and within less time
period. For gathering secondary data, there are different sources such as books, articles,
magazines etc. These sources are used for literature review that results in attainment of research
aim and objectives successfully.
Sampling methods: Probability and non-probability are two types of sampling but for
selecting sample according to the present study, probability sampling will be applied for
selecting 30 employees of Apple Inc. Main reason behind using probability sampling is not takes
more time and provides quantitative outputs.
Research instruments: There are various instruments of data collection including
interview, focus group, observation, questionnaire etc. All these are effective but according to

the current investigation, questionnaire is more effective. This will help in gathering of valid and
numerical data in less period of time (Nie, Lämsä and Pučėtaitė, 2018).
Cost, access and ethical issues: Cost is important factor for doing current investigation.
150 pounds will be needed. Access is also important for researcher to get permission from the
Apple for collecting quantitative data to their employees. There are some ethical principles such
as informed consent, autonomy, confidentiality etc. Therefore, all these are important for
researcher in completing of full project ethically and in given time period (Potvin and et. al.,
2018).
Ethical considerations: There are different ethical considerations that must be following
within a current project for completing full project in ethical manner. These considerations are
discussing intellectual property frankly, be conscious of multiple roles, follow informed-
consent rules, respect confidentiality and privacy and tap into ethics resources.
Cost of the reproach project: There are different activities for completing this research
project in effective manner. Along with this, there will be requirement of appropriate amount of
cost that will be shown as below in tabular form.
Total forecasted budget
Particular 2017-18($)
Implementing technology cost 17000
Promotional expense 7000
Advertisement expense 5500
Catalogues 1800
Training charges 7500
Total cost 38800

Data analysis and interpretations
From analysing quantitative information, frequency distribution analysis will be applied.
It is an analytical technique that support investigator in analysing of quantitative information
easily and effectively (Powell, 2018). Frequency distribution table of current investigation will
be shown as below:
Frequency distribution table
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the gender equality in context of an
organisation?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 5
Q2) What are the significance of gender equality in the workplace of
Apple Inc.?
Frequency
a) Improved productivity 10
b) Increased growth and innovation 10
c) Improved customer targeting 10
Q3) According to you, what are the major roles of leadership and
management in promoting of gender equality in the workplace of Apple
Inc.
Frequency
a) Considering leadership roles for male and female employees 12
b) Providing equal pay 8
c) Developing an open minded atmosphere 10
Q4) What are the major challenges of gender inequality that may be faced
by manager and leader of Apple Inc.?
Frequency
a) Decreased productivity and performance 10
b) High employee turnover 12
c) Reduced business growth and success 8

Q5) What are the significant ways that must be used for managing gender
equality within the workplace of Apple Inc.?
Frequency
a) Providing equal training to the mane and women employees 13
c) Providing equal pay 7
c) Providing option of flexible working hour to the women employees 10
Q6) Is managing of gender equality facilitate Apple Inc. in reducing of
high employee turnover rate?
Frequency
a) Yes 26
b) No 4
Q7) What are the significance of gender equality in management and
leadership?
Frequency
a) Improved performance of leader and manager 9
b) Increased relationship with employees 10
c) Helps in retaining of women employees 11
Q8) Does leadership and management are important in promoting gender
equality within the workplace of Apple Inc.
Frequency
a) Agree 26
b) Disagree 4
Q9) Does gender equality help business in attaining of competitive
advantages?
Frequency
a) Strongly Agree 12
b) Agree 15
c) Strongly Disagree 2
d) Disagree 1
Question 1: Knowledge about the gender equality in context of an organisation

Q1) Do you have knowledge about the gender equality in context of an
organisation?
Frequency
a) Yes 25
b) No 5
a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
25
5
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that out of the total number
of respondents 25 are in the favour of statement that they have knowledge regarding the concept
of gender equality. While, other 5 respondents have the view that they do not aware about the
concept of gender equality.
Question 2: Significance of gender equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.
Q2) What are the significance of gender equality in the workplace of
Apple Inc.?
Frequency
a) Improved productivity 10
b) Increased growth and innovation 10
c) Improved customer targeting 10

a) Improved productivity
b) Increased growth and innovation
c) Improved customer targeting
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
8
9
10
10 10 10
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that all the respondents
provide equal amount of significance to the benefits that will be generated from concept of
gender equality at workplace. Here, equally 10 respondents have the view over the benefit of
gender equality such as Improved productivity, Increased growth and innovation and Improved
customer targeting.
Question 3: Roles of leadership and management in promoting of gender equality in the
workplace of Apple Inc.
Q3) According to you, what are the major roles of leadership and
management in promoting of gender equality in the workplace of Apple
Inc.
Frequency
a) Considering leadership roles for male and female employees 12
b) Providing equal pay 8
c) Developing an open minded atmosphere 10

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
12
8
10
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that 12 respondents have the
opinion that effective leadership will be initiated among the male and females both. 8
respondents have the opinion that good leadership will promote concept of equal pay. In last, 10
respondents have the opinion that good leadership help to promote the gender equality in form of
developing an open minded atmosphere.
Question 4: challenges of gender inequality
Q4) What are the major challenges of gender inequality that may be faced
by manager and leader of Apple Inc.?
Frequency
a) Decreased productivity and performance 10
b) High employee turnover 12
c) Reduced business growth and success 8

0
2
4
6
8
10
12 10
12
8
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that many challenges exist
with the existence of gender inequality within an organisation or in front of manager and leader.
10 respondents have the opinion that the challenge face by leader and manager due to gender
inequality will be decreased productivity and performance. On the other hand, 12 respondents
have the view that challenge will arise in the form of High employee turnover. In last, 8 said that
challenge of reduced business growth and success will be faced by the leader and manager.
Question 5: Significant ways for managing gender equality within the workplace of Apple Inc.
Q5) What are the significant ways that must be used for managing gender
equality within the workplace of Apple Inc.?
Frequency
a) Providing equal training to the male and women employees 13
c) Providing equal pay 7
c) Providing option of flexible working hour to the women employees 10

0
4
8
12
13
7
10
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that there are many ways
that will be used for managing gender equality within an organisation. 13 respondents have the
view that Providing equal training to the male and women employees help to improve gender
equality. 7 said Providing equal pay will improve gender equality. In last, 10 said that providing
option of flexible working hour to the women employees will help to improve gender equality.
Question 6: Effectiveness of gender equality in reduction of high employee turnover
Q6) Is managing of gender equality facilitate Apple Inc. in reducing of
high employee turnover rate?
Frequency
a) Yes 26
b) No 4

a) Yes b) No
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 26
4
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that 26 respondents having
opinion that managing of gender equality help to reduce employee turnover rate. While, 4 have
adverse opinion over same.
Question 7: Significance of gender equality in management and leadership
Q7) What are the significance of gender equality in management and
leadership?
Frequency
a) Improved performance of leader and manager 9
b) Increased relationship with employees 10
c) Helps in retaining of women employees 11

a) Improved performance of leader and manager
b) Increased relationship with employees
c) Helps in retaining of women employees
0
4
8
12 9 10 11
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that 9 respondents said
improved performance of leader and manager is one significance of gender equality in
management and leadership. 10 said increased relationship with employees and in last, 11 said
about retaining of women employees in leadership and management.
Question 8: Effectiveness of leadership and management in promoting gender equality
Q8) Does leadership and management are important in promoting gender
equality within the workplace of Apple Inc.
Frequency
a) Agree 26
b) Disagree 4

a) Agree b) Disagree
0
5
10
15
20
25
30 26
4
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that 26 respondents have the
opinion that leadership and management has huge role in promoting gender equality. While, 4
have adverse opinion over same.
Question 9: Importance of gender quality in attainment of competitive benefits
Q9) Does gender equality help business in attaining of competitive
advantages?
Frequency
a) Strongly Agree 12
b) Agree 15
c) Strongly Disagree 2
d) Disagree 1

a) Strongly Agree b) Agree c) Strongly Disagree d) Disagree
0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14
16
12
15
2
1
Frequency
Interpretation: It has been interpreted from the above graph that 12 are strongly agree
that gender equality help to gain competitive edge. 15 are also agree with the statement. 2 are
strongly disagree while 1 shows disagreement.
Research Outcomes
Covered in PPT
Conclusion and Recommendations
It has been concluded from the above report that gender equality is important concept
from the point of an organization. This will help an organization to gain large number of benefits
such as improved productivity, positive working environment and higher employee engagement.
Role of leader and manager is immense in the activity of promoting gender equality within an
organization. From the above mentioned findings, it has been concluded that majority of
respondents had knowledge regarding gender equality and its importance within a workplace.
This importance is improved productivity, increased growth and innovation, improved customer
targeting etc. There are different roles played by leadership and management in promoting of
gender equality within the workplace. These are providing equal pay, developing an open mined
atmosphere, considering leadership roles for male and female employees etc. Along with this,

there are certain challenges of gender inequality faced by business organisation such as
decreased productivity and performance, high employee turnover, reduced business growth and
success and many more. These challenges had negative effect over brand image of business
organisation. Therefore, all information is accurate that helped in attainment of research aim and
objectives successfully.
Recommendations
From the above mentioned information it has been recommended that development of
gender equality at workplace support business organisation in achievement of long term goals
and objectives. It has been suggested to an organization that they always focus over application
of equal practices along with criterion's that focus over performance instead of gender. There are
recommendations to the Apple company which will be explained as below:
Development of Equality Act 2010: This is an effective way for Apple Inc. in promoting of
gender equality at workplace. This act help company to product their all employees from any
type of discrimination i.e. gender, age etc. This turn to impact on company by promoting their
business performance and productivity.
Providence of equal pay to men and female employees: Apple Inc. must provide equal
pay to their all employees in accordance to their performance. This will help them in attainment
of competitive advantages and also in reduction of high employee turnover.
Reflection & Recommendation of alternative research methodology
For this Gibbs reflecting model will be used that includes five steps, which will be explained
as below:
Description: Current investigation is based on the role of leadership and management in
promoting of gender equality at workplace. Working over this project helped me in development
of various aspects of personality. I start with researching benefits of gender equality. This aspect
goes in favor of me because able to determine the various points that are effectively demonstrate
the significance of gender equality concept. I used different methodology including positivism
philosophy, deductive approach, quantitative research, questionnaire etc. This helped in
attainment of all objectives in successful manner.
Evaluation: I evaluate that I am good in communicating all information to the audience in
effective manner. There are many issues also faced by me during the performance of research

activities such as cost and time. In overall manner, I am able to get the effective results that
demonstrate the concept of gender equality in positive way for an organization.
Conclusion: From the above mentioned information it has been determined that I achieved
all objective through questionnaire and secondary sources.
Action plan: The alternative research methodology that can be used for further carrying
research over this topic is survey where getting the response on the basis of open ended
questions. This will help to grab more detailed and reliable information over topic.
Interview is an alternative research methodology that could be use by researcher if they
get another chance of doing further research report. This method helps investigator in collecting
of qualitative data in minimum period of time. In this methodology, researcher will require in
making of open-ended questions. This will help in attaining of each objective of the research
successfully.

REFERENCES
Books and Journals
Alemu, S.H., Van Kempen, L. and Ruben, R., 2018. Women empowerment through self-help
groups: The bittersweet fruits of collective apple cultivation in highland
Ethiopia. Journal of Human Development and Capabilities, 19(3), pp.308-330.
Alhejji, H. and et. al., 2018. The impact of formal and informal distance on gender equality
approaches: the case of a British MNC in Saudi Arabia. Thunderbird International
Business Review, 60(2), pp.147-159.
Banerjee, S. and et. al., 2018. Gender-related challenges facing oncologists: the results of the
ESMO Women for Oncology Committee survey. ESMO open, 3(6), p.e000422.
Coe, I. R., Wiley, R. and Bekker, L. G., 2019. Organisational best practices towards gender
equality in science and medicine. The Lancet, 393(10171), pp.587-593.
Cullen, P. and Murphy, M. P., 2018. Leading the debate for the business case for gender
equality, perilous for whom?. Gender, Work & Organization, 25(2), pp.110-126.
Dashper, K., 2020. Mentoring for gender equality: Supporting female leaders in the hospitality
industry. International Journal of Hospitality Management, 88, p.102397.
González-Navarro, P. and et. al., 2018. Envy and counterproductive work behavior: The
moderation role of leadership in public and private organizations. International journal
of environmental research and public health, 15(7), p.1455.
Gupta, G.R. and et. al., 2019. Gender equality and gender norms: framing the opportunities for
health. The Lancet, 393(10190), pp.2550-2562.
Hoert, J., Herd, A. M. and Hambrick, M., 2018. The role of leadership support for health
promotion in employee wellness program participation, perceived job stress, and health
behaviors. American Journal of Health Promotion, 32(4), pp.1054-1061.
Kelan, E.K. and Wratil, P., 2018. Post‐heroic leadership, tempered radicalism and senior leaders
as change agents for gender equality. European Management Review, 15(1), pp.5-18.
Kim, M. and et. al., 2019. The antecedents and consequences of positive organizational behavior:
The role of psychological capital for promoting employee well-being in sport
organizations. Sport Management Review, 22(1), pp.108-125.
Mroz, J. E., Yoerger, M. and Allen, J. A., 2018. Leadership in workplace meetings: The
intersection of leadership styles and follower gender. Journal of Leadership &
Organizational Studies, 25(3), pp.309-322.
Nie, D., Lämsä, A. M. and Pučėtaitė, R., 2018. Effects of responsible human resource
management practices on female employees’ turnover intentions. Business Ethics: A
European Review, 27(1), pp.29-41.
Potvin, D.A. and et. al., 2018. Diversity begets diversity: A global perspective on gender equality
in scientific society leadership. PloS one, 13(5), p.e0197280.

APPENDIX
Questionnaire
Q1) Do you have knowledge about the gender equality in context of an organisation?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) What are the significance of gender equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.?
a) Improved productivity
b) Increased growth and innovation
c) Improved customer targeting
Q3) According to you, what are the major roles of leadership and management in promoting of
gender equality in the workplace of Apple Inc.
a) Considering leadership roles for male and female employees
b) Providing equal pay
c) Developing an open minded atmosphere
Q4) What are the major challenges of gender inequality that may be faced by manager and
leader of Apple Inc.?
a) Decreased productivity and performance
b) High employee turnover
c) Reduced business growth and success
Q5) What are the significant ways that must be used for managing gender equality within the
workplace of Apple Inc.?
a) Providing equal training to the mane and women employees
c) Providing equal pay
c) Providing option of flexible working hour to the women employees
Q6) Is managing of gender equality facilitate Apple Inc. in reducing of high employee turnover
rate?
a) Yes
b) No
Q7) What are the significance of gender equality in management and leadership?
a) Improved performance of leader and manager

b) Increased relationship with employees
c) Helps in retaining of women employees
Q8) Does leadership and management are important in promoting gender equality within the
workplace of Apple Inc.
a) Agree
b) Disagree
Q9) Does gender equality help business in attaining of competitive advantages?
a) Strongly Agree
b) Agree
c) Strongly Disagree
d) Disagree
Q10) Provide recommendations to the Apple Inc. in managing of gender equality within the
workplace of Apple Inc.