Globalization and Hospitality Sector

This assignment delves into the concept of globalization and its implications for the hospitality sector. It involves a questionnaire with 15 questions to gather insights from respondents about their knowledge and perceptions of globalization's effects on the industry. The assignment also explores strategies for conducting business internationally, future trends in the hospitality sector, and necessary resources for success in global markets. It is designed to help students understand the complexities of globalization and its impact on the hospitality industry.

Research Project
(PART 2)

EXECUTIVE SUMMARY
Globalisation tend towards more integrated global economic system. It is enhancing in
the international hotel sector. It is an integration of societies and economies by cross country
flow of ideas, technologies, corporate strategies, people. The globalisation has become main
concept in political, business and economic activities. In the globalisation, firms developing their
business and its operations in overseas. This research is based on the impact of globalisation on
hospitality jobs. The hospitality sector globalise business for enhancing sales and productivity.
This report is about the affect that globalisation develops on the hospitality jobs.
Hospitality sector is wider category of areas within service sector that consists event
planning, lodging, transportation, food and service, travelling and many others. This industry is
based on the availability of the leisure time and also disposable income. Competitiveness of
international hospitality sector in relation to globalisation is affected through various factors.
These factors consists globalisation drivers like government, cost, marker etc. The globalisation
is most necessary for hospitality sector. It is complex to determine that service or product is
influenced through cross border transaction. Rapid development of the international economic
integration as well as globalisation has led to the main changes in hospitality sector.
The main purpose behind conducting this investigation is to get the better understanding
about globalisation in a better or effective manner. This helps in enhance knowledge and the
skills of a learner to conduct any investigation in future.
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INTRODUCTION
Globalisation consider as an important process by which business organization develop
international influences with the aim of starting their new business at global level. Mainly, it
provide a clear path in which company easily expand their operational activities to accomplished
their competitive brand image. Mainly, it is procedure of interaction and integration between
people, companies and governments at worldwide. Current research is focus on the determining
research methodology which help investigator to gather relevant data and information towards
the research topic. Along with this, data analysis is also includes in this research that help in
taking relevant decisions. At last conclusion and recommendation is also contribute in
implementing necessary improvement within the research activities.
Background of research
Current research is based on the globalisation and its impact on the creating hospitality
job. As the concept of globalisation is consider as an important activity for business to
implement their operations at global level with the aim of establishing their competitive image.
Along with this, it also help in creating the job in the economic that contribute in developing
living standard of the people. One of the main reason of developing globalisation is ICT,
transport and communication that enable companies to easily expansion of business. In context
of hospitality sector, globalisation also play a crucial role in creating job at local level which
directly contribute in economic condition of nation.
Purpose
This is the main reason that globalisation help in making economic more strong. It also
includes advancement of technology, seasonal employment, exposure to different cultures and
many more. All these are positively impact on the performance level of the company at market
place.
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CHAPTER 3: RESEARCH METHODOLOGY
Methodology is explained as systematic as well as theoretical analysis that applied to
study area(Alvesson and Sköldberg, 2017). This includes interviews, surveys, publication
research and other research related techniques. This part of research project consists present as
well as historical information. It gives detailed information regarding data collection and analysis
methods.
3.1 Type of Research
Research methods is explained as tools which are used to perform a research. This is
related with strategies, techniques and process to data collection and analysis in context to
develop the better understanding regarding topic. The research methods are based on type of
investigation according to study purpose (Bresler and Stake, 2017). Different types of research
methods mention below:
Qualitative method- Under this, information and data is collected about behaviours,
experience and emotions. It is helpful in enabling an investigator to gain better understanding of
the complex issues and social interactions (Walliman, 2017). This method uses semi- structured
or unstructured techniques.
Quantitative method- It is an another type of research method and here data is measured
in numeric terms through using statistical or mathematical techniques. It is mainly designed to
gather the hard facts (Gioia, Corley and Hamilton, 2013). It is in structured form and also helpful
in drawing general conclusion from investigation.
These both methods are effective in conduct an investigation. Between both the methods,
researcher used quantitative method because it gives information regarding specific subject in
detailed manner and provide better conclusion.
3.2 Research Philosophy
It is related with clarification of the assumptions regarding nature as well as knowledge
source. The study is based on some assumptions regarding world and way of proper
understanding (Isaacs, 2014). Two various types of the research philosophies mention below:
Interpretivism philosophy- It refers to understanding the difference among human as the
social objects. Under this, qualitative methodology is better for researcher to conduct less sample
with an in- depth investigation and focus group interview (Kitchin and Tate, 2013).
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Positivism philosophy- It reflects philosophical stance of nature scientist. It is applied to
investigation in order to generate existing theories for developing better hypothesis.
In this, interpretivism research philosophy has been used because it gives brief analysis of
gathered data. (Kumar, 2019).
3.3 Research Approach
Research approach is explained as procedure that consists steps of the broad assumptions
to methods of data collection, analysis and interpretation. It is concerned with theory of
investigation. Two various types of research approaches:
Inductive approach- This allows an investigator to develop theory based on result of data
analysis. It is related with generating the new theory that come out from data (Mackenzie and et.
al., 2012). Generally, it is related with qualitative research and also use research related questions
for narrow study.
Deductive approach- Usually, it begins with the hypothesis and related to quantitative
investigation. It develops hypothesis that is based on existing theory and also develop effective
research strategy in order to test the hypothesis (Mackey and Gass, 2015).
Under this, researcher used inductive approach because it is helpful in providing in- depth
analysis of collected information and data.
3.4 Research Design
It is explained as set of the methods which mainly used ion collecting and analysing
variables measures that specifies in research issue (McCusker and Gunaydin, 2015). It is a
technique chosen by a researcher in order to combine various components of investigation.
Different research design mention below:
Descriptive research design- It is defined as scientific methods that includes explaining
as well as observing behaviour of subject without influencing it. This present research designaids
in conducting in depth reserach in a proper manner (Novikov and Novikov, 2013).
Exploratory research design- It seeks to generate the hypothesis through examining data
set to develop potential relations among variables. In context to this, thoughts and ideas are the
main key as it is based on the personal inclination concerned with the particular subject area.
This research is based on descriptive research design because it provides the information
regarding particular subject area.
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3.5 Data collection method
Data collection is defined as process of gathering information as well as data from all
relevant sources in context to find answers of research related issue and evaluate results (Quinlan
and et. al., 2019). Various data collection methods given below:
Primary method- Under this, information and data is gathered through investigator
directly for first time. Data can be collects by direct communication or observation with
respondent in the one form or other by personal interviews (Riedl, Davis and Hevner, 2014).
Other than these, various sources of gathering the primary information are interviews,
questionnaire, observation etc. This method is mainly used in developing the questionnaire
related to specific area.
Secondary method- Under this kind of method data is gathered by other person. Various
outsource of collection of secondary data are books, articles, journals etc. To conduct literature
review part, researcher uses secondary sources (Silverman, 2016).
3.6 Data analysis
It is based on analysis of information that is gathered through investigator for an aim of
completion of research. This investigation is based on the qualitative method (Taylor, Bogdan
and DeVault, 2015). To analyse data or information, an investigator uses the thematic analysis.
Segregation of the data collected in to various themes helps in conduct proper analysis of
information.
3.7 Sampling
Sampling is a procedure that is mainly used in statistical analysis under which the
predetermined observations are taken from the large size population. It is group of the people and
items which are taken from large size population. The probabilistic and non- probabilistic are
two different kinds of sampling. In the probabilistic sampling method, researcher has been used
the random data sampling method. The main reason behind using this sampling method is that it
is an unbiased sampling technique and provides the equal chance to the selected respondents.
There is 30 respondents were surveyed and get information about the particular area.
3.8 Ethical considerations
Ethics is related with norms, principles which every person or company should be
followed. It is a responsibility of an investigator to conduct research by following all ethical
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considerations. Researcher should assure to keep information and data of respondents
confidential (Wahyuni, 2012). In addition to this, investigator is responsible to conduct the
research on the basis of established principles as well as guidelines. It will help researcher in
providing positive research outcomes.
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CHAPTER 4: FINDINGS
Data sheet
Q1) Do you have knowledge about globalisation concept? Frequency
a) Yes 22
b) No 8
Q2) Is globalisation develop positive impact on hospitality sector? Frequency
a) Yes 20
b) No 10
Q3) What are the different jobs in hospitality sector? Frequency
a) Housekeeping 14
b) Food & Beverages 6
c) Executive chef 10
Q4) What are the globalization effects on hospitality sector? Frequency
a) Exposure to various cultures 10
b) Advancement of technology 12
c) Seasonal employment 8
Q5) What are the main drivers of globalisation? Frequency
a) Economic drivers 9
b) Technological drivers 6
c) Demographic drivers 15
Q6) What re the negative effect of globalisation on the operations of
hospitality sector?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 4
b) Language barriers 5
c) Seasonal employment 10
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d) Events in other countries 11
Q7) What are the strategies through which organisations in
hospitality sectors can conduct its operations of business
internationally?
Frequency
a) Exporting 10
b) Joint venture 8
c) Partnership 12
Q8) What are the future trends of hospitality sector when
performing operations at the international level?
Frequency
a) More green and eco-lodgings 5
b) Increasing employee salaries 7
c) Intelligent hotels with advanced technology 6
d) Development of mega hotels 12
Q9) What are the necessary resources company need to have
during conducting business at international level?
Frequency
a) Human resource 8
b) Financial resource 6
c) Technological resources 16
Q10) What are the issues which faced through Hospitality sector in
global market?
Frequency
a) Changes needs of customers 10
b) Political issues 16
c) Cultural 4
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Q11) What are the positive impacts of globalization on the nature of
jobs in hospitality sector?
Frequency
a) Technology 10
b) Investment 8
c) Employment 5
d) Culture 7
Q12) What are the main risk hospitality industry face when
conducting its operations at global level?
Frequency
a) Continuously Changing Consumer Demands 6
b) Shortage of Experienced Personnel 3
c) Consumer Perception of Risk 8
d) New Regulations 13
Q13) What are the various methods by which hospitality sector can
reduce the risk?
Frequency
a) Budgets and Planning 7
b) Competitors 5
c) Location risk 6
d) Accounting and control 12
Q14) Does globalisation helps in provide competitive advantages to
hospitality sector?
Frequency
a) Yes 21
b) No 9
THEME 1: Knowledge about globalisation concept
Q1) Do you have knowledge about globalisation concept? Frequency
a) Yes 22
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b) No 8
THEME 2: Globalisation develops positive impact on hospitality sector
Q2) Is globalisation develop positive impact on hospitality sector? Frequency
a) Yes 20
b) No 10
THEME 3: Manner globalisation impact on hospitality sector
Q3) What are the different jobs in hospitality sector? Frequency
a) Housekeeping 14
b) Food & Beverages 6
c) Executive Chef 10
THEME 4: Globalization effects on hospitality sector
Q4) What are the globalization effects on hospitality sector? Frequency
a) Exposure to different cultures 10
b) Advancement of technology 12
c) Seasonal employment 8
THEME 5: Main drivers of globalisation
Q5) What are the main drivers of globalisation? Frequency
a) Economic drivers 9
b) Technological drivers 6
c) Demographic drivers 15
THEME 6: Effect of globalisation on the operations of hospitality sector
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Q6) What are the negative effect of globalisation on the operations
of hospitality sector?
Frequency
a) Cultural barriers 4
b) Language barriers 5
c) Seasonal employment 10
d) Events in other countries 11
THEME 7: Strategies through which organisations in hospitality sectors
Q7) What are the strategies through which organisations in
hospitality sectors can conduct its operations of business
internationally?
Frequency
a) Exporting 10
b) Joint venture 8
c) Partnership 12
THEME 8: Future trends of hospitality sector when performing operations at international
level
Q8) What are the future trends of hospitality sector when
performing operations at the international level?
Frequency
a) More green and eco-lodgings 5
b) Increasing employee salaries 7
c) Intelligent hotels with advanced technology 6
d) Development of mega hotels 12
THEME 9: Resources company need to have
Q9) What are the necessary resources company need to have
during conducting business at international level?
Frequency
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a) Human resource 8
b) Financial resource 6
c) Technological resources 16
THEME 10: Issues faced through Hospitality sector in global market
Q10) What are the issues which faced through Hospitality sector
in global market?
Frequency
a) Changes needs of customers 10
b) Political issues 16
c) Cultural 4
THEME 11: Positive effect of globalization
Q11) What are positive effect of globalization on nature of jobs
in hospitality sector?
Frequency
a) Technology 10
b) Investment 8
c) Employment 5
d) Culture 7
THEME 12: Risk hospitality industry face when conducting its operations at global level
Q12) What are the main risk hospitality industry face when
conducting its operations globally?
Frequency
a) Continuously Changing Consumer Demands 6
b) Shortage of Experienced Personnel 3
c) Consumer Perception of Risk 8
d) New Regulations 13
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THEME 13: Ways through which hospitality sector can reduce the risk
13) What are the various methods by which hospitality sector
can reduce the risk?
Frequency
a) Budgets and Planning 7
b) Competitors 5
c) Location risk 6
d) Accounting and control 12
THEME 14: Globalisation helps in provide the competitive advantages to hospitality
sector
Q14) Does globalisation helps in provide competitive advantages
to hospitality sector?
Frequency
a) Yes 21
b) No 9
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CHAPTER 5: DISCUSSION
Questionnaire has been developed in this part of research through researcher concerned
with subject area. Under this, there has been discussion about the questions mentioned on
questionnaire.
Interpretation 1: It has been stated from the above discussion that there are 22 respondents and
according to them they are aware about concept of digital technology. 8 respondents said that
they do not have knowledge regarding this in a better manner.
Interpretation 2: According to view point of 20 respondents that globalisation is helpful in
develop the positive affect on hospitality sector. Through making the organisations in hospitality
sector globalise then it can serve better services to people in all around the world. According to
10 respondents it also develop negative affect on business.
Interpretation 3: In the hospitality sector there are many different jobs. As per viewpoint of of
14 respondents that in hospitality industry more jobs are of housekeeping which take care the
cleanliness of the rooms of visitors. There are 6 respondents which said that food & beverage is
most necessary job that provides the healthy food items to visitors on the basis of needs of
visitors. 10 respondents are agree with the executive chef jobs.
Interpretation 4: As per opinion of 10 respondents that effect of the globalisation on hospitality
sector is to exposure of the various culture. It is necessary for company to aware about the
culture. It will help in performing business at international level. There are 12 respondents which
said that advancement in technology also impact on the hospitality sector because it
technological advancement helps in making business effective. 8 respondents are agree with the
seasonal employment.
Interpretation 5: Globalisation is a wider concept and it is integrated with the many different
factors for an instance technological, economic, environmental etc. There are 9 respondents
which said that economic drivers is a main driver of globalisation. It is related with economy of
country and consists tax, inflation etc. According to 6 respondents that technology drivers are
helpful in increasing quality of product and reduce the production cost. 15 respondents are agree
with the demographic drivers that consists age, gender, income level etc.
Interpretation 6: The globalisation develops negative impact on the operations of hospitality
sector. 4 respondents which said that cultural barriers is major issues because culture is different
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from country to country. So, there is a need to organisation to determine culture of other country.
According to 5 respondents, language is also a main barrier.
Interpretation 7: In order to conducting the business internationally, company develop the
different strategies or find other ways. 10 respondents which said that exporting is an effective
strategy because it is easy to export the business. There are 8 respondents which said that joint
venture is an effective strategy because in this company can conduct its business with the
existing firm at global level. It will help company to perform in better manner. 12 respondents
are agree with the partnership.
Interpretation 8: Hospitality sector should be focus on the future trends at the time of
conducting the business operations internationally. There are 5 respondents and according to
their opinion, hotels should develop the green as well as eco- lodgings which help in provide
benefits to environment. As per opinion of 7 respondents that enhancing the salary of employee
is also a main concern because through this they will be motivated and focus on perform the
activities in an effective manner.
Interpretation 9: While conducting the business at international, there is a need to company to
have the proper resources. 8 respondents said that human resource is most necessary because
employees are the main part of company and they plays a necessary role in attaining the set
objectives in an effective manner. As per opinion of 6 respondents, financial resources are
important because funds are required for conducting the business activities. According to
viewpoint of 16 respondents that technology is necessary to make products attractive and reduce
cost of production. It is essential for hospitality sector to arrange as well as manage all these
resources in a better manner. From this organisations can easily conduct its business globally
without facing any issues.
Interpretation 10: The hospitality sector is a large size sector that provides different kinds of
facilities to people. This sector faces some issues or challenges in the global market. According
to 10 respondents that change in the needs of consumers is a main issue because demand of
customers is different from each other and it is necessary for firm to identify them. If firm will
able to complete the demand of consumers then it will conduct its business in global market.
According to 16 respondents political is one of the major problem because from instability in
politics, company will not easily perform its operations . As per opinion of 4 respondents,
cultural issue affect the most.
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Interpretation 11: The company globalise its business for different reasons for an instance
increasing productivity, develop positive effect on business etc. 10 respondents said that
technology develops positive impact on nature of the jobs in hospitality sector. 8 respondents are
agree with the investment. As per viewpoint of 5 respondents that organisations at the global
level provide employment opportunities to local people.
Interpretation 12: There are 6 respondents and according to their opinion continuous change in
the demand of consumers is a major concern that hotels in the hospitality sector face. The
demand of consumers are change with in less period of time and it is a risk for company. On the
other hand there are 3 respondents which said that Shortage of Experienced Personnel is also
develop an issue because if number of employees will be less in nature and work will be more
then in this case hospitality industry will not able to perform its business operations. 8
respondent are agree with the Consumer Perception of Risk. There are 13 respondents and
according to their opinion, new regulations developed through government is a main concern
because if new regulations will be developed then in this case firm need to make changes in its
existing policies.
Interpretation 13: Under this, it is a responsibility of manager to determine the issues and also
finds effective ways to overcome from them. According to 7 respondents that company can make
the effective plan as well as budgets to manage the funds and conducting research activities in a
systematic manner. There are 5 respondents which said that firm can determine its customers and
their strategies. According to that company can make its own effective strategy. 6 respondents
are agree with the location risk. 12 respondents said that accounting as well as control the
activities are helpful in minimize the risk.
Interpretation 14: The globalisation is a big concept and it gives advantages to hospitality
industry. 21 respondents said that globalisation helps in give benefits to hospitality sector in
many different ways for an instance attracting consumers, develop high quality services etc. 9
respondents are not agree with mention statement.
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Discussion related to Literature
To explore the positive impacts of globalization on the nature of jobs
After analysing the view point of Erin O'Neill (2019), globalisation impact on the jobs of
people because firm globalise its business firm and provide better employment opportunities to
people. Under this, positive effect can be occur as result of enhanced capacity for develop the
new opportunities and producing the alleviation of cost distortion. Globalisation is more
prevalent and firms deal with enhanced cultural diversity at workplace. In context to this,
enhanced cultural diversity has produced several advantages as organisation gain the new
insights in to various culture from management and marketing standpoint.
To examine the challenges of globalization brings to various jobs at hospitality sector
From the above discussion, it has been examined that globalisation is main issue for
hospitality industry. It is necessary for the international hotel sector. The hospitality sector face
some of the challenges when globalisation brings to the different jobs for an instance retaining
the quality workforce, intense competition, shortage of rooms, qualified employees. It has been
analysed from the above discussion that at the time of conducting the business globally, there is a
need to hotel industry to search the talented or skilled employees. In hospitality sector there are
many different jobs such as housekeeping, cooking, food and beverages etc. For all these things,
there will be requirement for hotels to hire the talented employees and it is a bog challenge for
hospitality sector.
To critically analyse the measures taken by hospitality sector to maximize the benefits of
globalization.
From analysing opinion of author, globalisation gives advantages to hospitality sector in
several different ways for an instance exposure to various culture, enhance productivity, large
market etc. With performing business at global level, firm can provides more opportunities. Due
to the globalisation, large number of tourists come in to country and people are required to cater
as well as serve to their needs. So, there are many jobs available for people with in hospitality
sector. On the other hand, globalisation also boost the travelling industry.
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CHAPTER 5: CONCLUSION AND RECOMMENDATION
5.1 Conclusion
It has been concluded, from above discussion that globalisation is trend towards more
integrated the global economic system. Under this, there has been discussion about the aims and
objectives related to the specific subject area in an effective manner. In the part of literature
review, view points and opinions of various authors has been included and getting information
regarding impact of globalisation in hospitality sector. The different sources which has been used
to collecting information in literature review part are books, journals, articles etc. There has been
discussion about the research methodology part and it is helpful in gathering and analysing data
or information in significant way. For gathering the data or information, questionnaire method
has been used through selecting the respondents. Investigator used thematic analysis to analyse
the collected information and see effectiveness of the collected data.
5.2 Recommendation
There are some recommendations related to above discussion mention below:
 It has been recommended that hospitality sector should conduct research before
conducting the operations of business globally. It will help in determine customer needs,
culture awareness, language, organisation structure etc.
 Hospitality industry should hire well qualified as well as capable employees so that they
can deal with international tourists and conduct the global operations.
 Hospitality industry should give training to its staff members so they can provide the
better customer experience to tourists. From this, positive impact can be developed on
customers.
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CHAPTER 6: REFLECTION, ALTERNATIVE RESEARCH
METHODOLOGY AND AREA FOR FURTHER RESEARCH
6.1 Reflection
This present investigation is taken in to consideration on impact of globalisation on
hospitality jobs. Globalisation develop vast impact on business activities and operations of
hospitality sector at large scale. In given research , I used different techniques as well as methods
that helped me in providing better direction. In conducting this investigation, I collect the data
and information in well manner with the help of using authentic and reliable sources about
specific area. I faced some issues related to cost and time. I do not have much time to perform all
the activities related to an investigation effectively. On the other hand, cost was not sufficient to
conduct investigation, in order to overcome from all issues I developed the proper time
management as well as money management plan in an efficient manner. On the other hand, my
top management helped me in overcome from the issues. My main motive behind using the
suitable methodology is to reach at the valid outcomes. For collecting the data, I used primary
research method and develop questionnaire.
6.2 Alternative Research Methodology
This research is based on particular issues and in context to address them, researcher
follow proper structure that gives better direction in order to address problems in a proper
manner. Research methodology is a combination of various applications which are used through
researcher in performing activities in a right direction. In this investigation, researcher uses
questionnaire method as methodology on which different questions are mentioned. On the other
hand, alternative methodology which can be considered is interview. In this, investigator should
conduct the question and answer round from the respondent.
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20

21

RESEARCH LOG BOOK
This form could be used to record the activities during the research and must be included in the
Appendix section of work.
Live Recording
W
ee
k
Date Nature of contact
e.g. Lecture, Self-
directed, One-to-
one etc.
Content Action taken
1 28/03/19
LECTURE
ASSIGNMENT
REQUIREMENT,
RESEARCH
PROCESS
ATTENDED THE
LECTURE
2 31/03/19
BRAIN
STORMENG
GLOBALISATION POSTER TO DESIGN
3 04/04/19 Self -directed
CHOOSING THE
TOPIC
One to one with
lecturer
OBJECTIVES,
QUESTIONS,
REASONS
RESEARCH
Filling the research
approval forms
22

APPENDIX
QUESTIONNAIRE
Name:
Age:
Gender:
Contact no:
Address:
Q1) Do you have knowledge about globalisation concept?
a) Yes
b) No
Q2) Is globalisation develop positive impact on hospitality sector?
a) Yes
b) No
Q3) What are the different jobs in hospitality sector?
a) Housekeeping
b) Food & Beverages
c) Executive chef
Q4) What are the globalization effects on hospitality sector?
a) Exposure to various cultures
b) Advancement of technology
c) Seasonal employment
Q5) What are the main drivers of globalisation?
a) Economic drivers
b) Technological drivers
c) Demographic drivers
Q6) What re the negative effect of globalisation on the operations of hospitality sector?
a) Cultural barriers
b) Language barriers
c) Seasonal employment
d) Events in other countries
23

Q7) What are the strategies through which organisations in hospitality sectors can
conduct its operations of business internationally?
a) Exporting
b) Joint venture
c) Partnership
Q8) What are the future trends of hospitality sector when performing operations at the
international level?
a) More green and eco-lodgings
b) Increasing employee salaries
c) Intelligent hotels with advanced technology
d) Development of mega hotels
Q9) What are the necessary resources company need to have during conducting business
at international level?
a) Human resource
b) Financial resource
c) Technological resources
Q10) What are the issues which faced through Hospitality sector in global market?
a) Changes needs of customers
b) Political issues
c) Cultural
Q11) What are the positive impacts of globalization on the nature of jobs in hospitality
sector?
a) Technology
b) Investment
c) Employment
d) Culture
Q12) What are the main risk hospitality industry face when conducting its operations at
global level?
a) Continuously Changing Consumer Demands
b) Shortage of Experienced Personnel
c) Consumer Perception of Risk
24