Accessibility and Affordability of Higher Education in Ghana

The research proposal aims to analyze the current efforts and initiatives underway to provide accessibility and affordability of higher education in Ghana. The study will determine the level of current education, investigate current efforts, develop a case study, and analyze the impact of these efforts on the development of the economy.

Research Proposal

Introduction
In this research proposal, we will describe the purpose of the study, research problem, research
objective, background and significance, literature review, research design & methods,
preliminary support and implications, and conclusion. The research study is conducted on the
current efforts and initiatives underway to provide accessibility and affordability of higher
education in Ghana.
Aim of study
The aim of the research study is to analyze the current efforts by the government in order to
provide the accessibility of higher education in Ghana.
Research objective
Following are the objectives of the research study:
1. To determine the level of current education in Ghana.
2. To inquire into the current efforts underway in order to provide the affordable and
accessible higher education in Ghana.
3. To develop a case study of its process, objectives, and current impact.
Background and significance
It is important to analyze the impact of current efforts undergone in order to provide the
accessibility of higher education in Ghana because the impact of current efforts helps to
understand the initiatives required to provide the affordability of higher education in Ghana. The

research study helps to analyze the impact of current efforts which directly contribute towards
the development of the economy.
Problem Statement
In the required research proposal, the study is conducted on the current efforts in bringing
affordable and accessible for higher education in Ghana. The study indicates the impact of
current efforts in Ghana. The problem statement of the required proposal is;
“What are the current efforts underway in providing accessible and affordable higher education
in Ghana?”
Literature review
According to the (Kaiser et al., 2014), the agreement is existed between the stakeholders at the
institutional and national level as well as among the external stakeholders who believes in the
contribution towards the development of Ghana. According to the (Singal, 2015), the
government is developing a strategic plan for higher education which provides the accessibility
to all the Ghanaians in order to develop the skills that make them productive and it helps in
reducing poverty in Ghana. The government has developed national science, technology, and
innovation policy in order to provide technical skills which contribute towards the eradication of
poverty (Amankwah-Amoah et al., 2015). (Malakolunthu, 2014) mentions that initiatives were
also taken in the universities by modifying the teaching methods and syllabus and fee structure in
order to contribute towards the accessibility of higher education in Ghana.

Research design & Methods
The nature of the study is descriptive and in the required proposal hypothesis is not taken, but
assumptions have been made on the basis of it the study is conducted.
Research Question
Following are the three research problems:
1. What is the current level of higher education in Ghana?
2. What are the current efforts to provide the accessible and affordable higher education in
Ghana?
3. What is the current impact of efforts on higher education accessibility in Ghana?
Methodology
1. Data collection procedures
The research is based on the questionnaire survey which is conducted in order to collect
the maximum information. The research will be explanatory. The researcher uses close-
ended questions with the deductive approach in an accurate manner.
2. Data analyzing tools
In the required research data is collected through qualitative method then the data is
analyzed by using excel as a data analyzing tool in which graphs are applied to predict
the accurate results.
3. Sampling
For the sampling of the research topic, questionnaire survey will be used for close ended
questions in order to collect the answers. Likert scale is used to measure the answers

collected by the survey. The researcher will use hundred university students who have
experienced the current education system.
Conclusion
The current efforts are not very effective in providing accessible and affordable higher education
in Ghana. Despite the fact that the transformation in current education has taken place, but more
initiatives are required in providing accessible higher education in Ghana.

References
Amankwah-Amoah, J. (2015). The evolution of science, technology and innovation policies: A
review of the Ghanaian experience. Technological Forecasting and Social Change.
Singal, N., Mahama Salifu, E., Iddrisu, K., Casely-Hayford, L., & Lundebye, H. (2015). The
impact of education in shaping lives: reflections of young people with disabilities in Ghana.
International Journal of Inclusive Education, 19(9), 908-925.
Malakolunthu, S., McBeath, J., & Swaffield, S. (2014). Improving the quality of teaching and
learning through leadership for learning Changing scenarios in basic schools of Ghana.
Educational Management Administration & Leadership, 42(5), 701-717.
Kaiser, F., Maassen, P., Meek, L., van Vught, F., de Weert, E., & Goedegebuure, L. (Eds.).
(2014). Higher education policy: An international comparative perspective. Elsevier.