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Revolutionary Europe, 1780-1850

   

Added on  2021-04-17

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Running head: REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD IN EUROPEAnalysis of the any Major Social Upheaval Regarding the Industrial Revolution in GreatBritainName of the Student:Name of the University:Author’s Note:

2REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD IN EUROPEThesis Statement: Child labor was considered as the substantial element of Great Britainduring the period of Industrial Revolution and began declining just after the revolutionary period.IntroductionDuring the early nineteenth centuries, industrial revolution occurred in Great Britain andit was the first country where industrialization took place in that time. In this period the childlabor had been increasing drastically and it became a social and political problem1. The childrenwere hired as the primary workers in the textile field in Great Britain. Strict discipline, harshpunishment, and unhealthy working condition were bounded for the children in businessindustries. Many factories hired the children who had been suffering from the poverty. The childworker only got food and cloth, however; they did not get any wage for their long day work. Thechild labor was significant during the industrial revolution in Great Britain in terms of the natureof their work and the extent to which they were employed. It has been received that in the milfactories the child labor was rapid. After the revolutionary period, the government of GreatBritain had passed many Child Protection Acts, as a result, the child labor began declining afterthis period. This study deals with the significance of the child labor as well as its decliningduring the industrial revolution of Great Britain.DiscussionSeveral factors are associated with the industrial revolution in Great Britain. One of themajor factors is the social factor. However, the economic and demographic growth plays animportant role in the revolution. During the industrial revolution in Great Britain, the society haddecided to increase their capital. This adds value to the industrial revolution. The demographic1 Humphries, Jane. "Childhood and child labor in the British industrial revolution." The Economic HistoryReview66, no. 2 (2013): 395-418.

3REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD IN EUROPEtransition occurred during this revolutionary period. Besides the demographic transition, theeconomic growth had been observed during this revolutionary period. Technological innovationwas a great part of this revolution that highlights the economic specialization. Several economicchanges took place as for example, various communities moved from the agriculture to themanufacturing zone. The number of goods and service were enhanced as a result the amount ofcapital that was invested became increased. It can be compared that besides the economic growththe businessman and the managers took the financial risk during this industrial revolution, whichoften affected their profitability. The major social group was aristocracy on that time, whichinvolved in possessing the mills and the agricultural land and turned the crop into material2. Ithas been analyzed that this social group had a great contribution the development of the industrywhile the amount of agricultural land began declining, which left a negative impact on thefarmers. Significant growth had been noticed in the population during the industrial revolution ofGreat Britain. However, 57% human population grew in that time, which gave a goodopportunity to the industrialists to get much labor3. Handling of the natural resources wasanother factor of this industrial revolution. Oil and gas had a great demand during the industrialrevolution in Greta Britain. However, many workers injured and died during the mining of coal.Therefore, transportation of the oil was a major challenge during this revolution. It has beenevaluated from the above discussion that handling of the natural resources was a big challenge atthis time. Child labor is considered as the most significant social factor that led Britain to get2 Perkin, Harold J. "The social causes of the British Industrial Revolution."Transactions of the Royal HistoricalSociety18 (1968): 123-143.3 Kirby, Peter. "Attendance and work effort in the Great Northern Coalfield, 1775–1864."The Economic HistoryReview65, no. 3 (2012): 961-983.

4REVOLUTIONARY PERIOD IN EUROPEsuccess through their industrial revolution. During this revolutionary period, the factory ownerswere searching for cheap and fast learning workforces, which could be done by using child labor.As a result, the child became the victims of capitalized greed. The industrialists hired thechildren from the urban houses. From the statistical data, it has been evaluated that at the end of18th century around 35% child workers were ten-year-old class boys4. This highlights that therewas a major demand of the child labor during the industrial revolution of Great Britain as thechildren are able to provide much labor to enhance the revolution.Industrialists were looking for the children who were below of 18. They targeted 6 to 10age group of the children to hire them for the work. However, this age group can learn the thingseasily and give much effort in their work5. This was a big opportunity for factory owners. Duringthe industrial revolution, most of the agricultural lands were taken by the industrialists. As aresult, the farmers had to come to the city for their livelihood. Hence, the children had beensuffering from poverty, which led them to work in the industry. Industrial revolution discardedthe rigid social control and influenced the young generation to get married. As a result, thepopulation started to increase, which turned into the child labor. Child labor had a greatcontribution to the industrialization. It has been found that the local workers and the agriculturalworkers were not suitable for the industrial production. This situation allowed the factory ownersto create new workforce by recruiting child labor.4 Kirby, Peter. "Attendance and work effort in the Great Northern Coalfield, 1775–1864."The Economic HistoryReview65, no. 3 (2012): 961-983.5 Humphries, Jane. "Childhood and child labor in the British industrial revolution." The Economic HistoryReview66, no. 2 (2013): 395-418.

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