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Analogy between organelles in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and comparison with factory parts
Added on -2019-09-19
The article discusses the analogy between organelles in eukaryotic and prokaryotic cells and compares them with factory parts. It also explores the possibility of using chloroplasts in animal cells. The article explains the function of chloroplasts using an analogy of a solar panel. It also discusses the possibility of genetic engineering to use chloroplasts in animal cells.
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SolutionPart 1: Your text describes the difference between the organelles in a eukaryotic celland the more simple structure of a prokaryotic cell as an analogy between the chiefexecutive officer's (CEO's) corner office and a cubicle. Organelles are like appliances orpieces of furniture that perform specific functions. Choose 1 organelle, and use ananalogy to explain its function. For example, explain how a chloroplast is like a solarpanel, or how a mitochondrion is like a furnace. Try to think of original analogies forother organelles or cell structures such as golgi, lysosome, cell wall, cell membrane,endoplasmic reticulum, ribosomes, nucleus, and so on. Include how your analogy maybe less than perfect. Compare your analogy with those of your classmates’.The summary of differences with respect to analogy for a factory have been shown in Table-1. The organelles are to be considered as the pieces of furniture of an office. Table-1: Summary of comparisonsOrganelleEukaryotic CellProkaryotic CellFactory partNucleusPresentAbsentRoom where blueprints are keptLysosomes and peroxisomesPresentAbsentSecurity, recyclingand waste removalEndoplasmic reticulumPresentAbsentAccessoryproduction makesdecorationsMitochondriaPresentAbsentPower plantGolgi apparatusPresentAbsentShippingdepartmentChloroplastsPresent (in plants)Absent; chlorophyllscattered in the cytoplasmProductiondepartmentChloroplast can be considered to be as a solar panel due to peculiar property of electrontransport. The mechanism of electron transport can be compared to an electric cell driving acurrent through a set of electric motors. However, in living system, the electrons are carriedbetween one site and another not by conducting wires, but by diffusible molecules that canpick up electrons at one location and deliver them to another. For mitochondria, the first ofthese electron carriers is NAD+, which takes up two electrons to become NADH via anelectron-transport chain. In contrast, the chloroplast are similar to those of the mitochondrion,the chloroplast membrane contains some crucial components not found in the mitochondrial1
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