Comparison of Theory and Practice in Strategic Management

This article discusses the comparison between theory and practice in strategic management, using Tesco as a case study. It explores the implementation of Porter's 5 models and the challenges faced by Tesco. It also suggests solutions and recovery plans for the identified issues.

Strategic Management

Contents
INTRODUCTION...........................................................................................................................1
MAIN BODY..................................................................................................................................1
Comparison of theory and practice..............................................................................................1
CONCLUSION................................................................................................................................7
REFERENCES................................................................................................................................8

INTRODUCTION
Strategic administration, the expression is utilised to describe organized process of
assessing, significant, determining and executing effectual commerce policies in context of
accomplishing long term objective of business establishment. It is the sum of two words strategic
and administration. Strategy is action plan that proved path and management is the art of utilising
assets in systematic form to attain aims. (Arıcıoğlu and Yiğitol, 2019) To acknowledge this
conception Tesco has been considered. It is the most popular firm of UK which specialise in
grocery industry. This written assessment disquiet with execution of porter’s model and
difficulty Tesco suffer at current time. It also define utilise of planned recovery plan and plan of
actions administration section concern to get over from all the reliable issue.
MAIN BODY
Comparison of theory and practice
Strategic administration is utilised through administrators to find out their financial and
non-financial through executing professional tools. Porter’s 5 models are part of tactical
administration by which company can comprehend rivalry aspects and capability of trade firm to
sustain within the international atmosphere. The key purpose of porter to developed this
framework is analyse influence of diverse external components on productivity extent of
company. As all the element that is includes in this model is instantly impact trade cycle. To find
out that Porters 5 model is appropriate in Tesco, determine of this conception is defined under:
Competitive rivalry: According to this, due to have great competition in market, it
instantly affect on profitability of the firm. It is essential to the administrator to observe the entire
competitive firm accessible in market. In current era, Sainsbury, ASDA, Morrison are biggest
rival that generate high competition to the venture. In context of Tesco, they trends to offer tough
rivalry to their competitors through developing suitable in the market and also offer effective
competition.
Bargaining power of customer: As per Porter, growth of corporation is based on the
bargaining authority of their consumer. It will influence from insight, option, and accessibility of
credit to their buyer. In context of Tesco, the bargaining supremacy of their consumers is quite
efficient as they tend to have option towards to move to other firm (Nakrošis, Šiugždinienė and
Antanaitė, 2020). Additionally, organisation also directs to provide appropriate value and cost to
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their consumers through critically finding out their important risks and shortcomings as well as
also develop effective strategies in forms of getting over them which assist in retaining consumer
till long term.
Threat of substitute: This component also influences deal policies of company. There
will be several good accessibility in financial marketplace that offers same form of advantages
that can be gained by customers during buying of products. Tesco operates business in offering
supermarket grocery services to their consumer (Witcher, 2019). The respective firm basically
face risk from their substitute commodities as organisation deals in retail industry and
considerably face has lot of similar kind of goods for its contributions in that case establishment
also tends to put prominence on some creative commodities and facilities that is important for
them in term of reducing threats of alternative goods and build venture more rival and impending
regarding appropriate survival in market.
Fear of new entrants: New trade rivals attract possible consumer as well as they cover
target marketplace region of current companies. In current era, new corporations and small
ventures enter in marketplace to maximise rival of Tesco. Including the arrival of new entrants is
pretty much useful for firm in forms of having efficient and potential number of consumer and
market to have appropriate stand of customer. Regarding this, establishments deals in retails
industry and for this, they face high rivalry within their marketplace and there are also new
entrances which also provide same superiority of commodities and facilities at low costs which
can develop risk aspect for organisation.
Bargaining power of supplier: It is concern with accessibility of dealers of raw material
and employees. Tesco has performed with more than 2500 suppliers that consider global and
local dealers. Providers are not instantly influence over this firm as cause of having immense
economic condition of the company (Hutorov and et. al., 2020). In Tesco, the bargaining
command of dealers is low as they importantly acknowledge that there are several dealers are
current in market and enterprise can significantly move from one brand to other if providers
tends to demonstrate some kind of outbursts to firm or maximise costs of raw materials.
From the entre analysis of Porter five force model, it analysed that this conception
is beneficial to monitor impact of extrinsic and macro factor on gaining ability of firm. It may be
create favourable and unfavourable impact based on the policies and plan of action of firm
company which executed for relevant aspects. The administration function of Tesco implement
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hypothetical impression of Porters model in their firm to find out influence of consumer, dealer
and competitive sector on their income policy. They face from great opposition and also have
risk of new enter with the marketplace but cause of low supply chain administration and having
high charge of utilising alternative their sales rate has been reduced. By considering tactical
administration business policies they can preserve target people.
When practicing the concept, there are diverse factors which explain growth and
malfunction. In context off Tesco, the activities of the firm are differ from the theory. It is due to
the rapid change business situations and emergence of diverse trends. The execution of the
company based on effectiveness of organisational plan of action (Farias and et. al., 2020). In
Tesco, it is foremost vendor that endorses and delivers common products together with foodstuff
crosswise the globe. All of the actions are performed effectively so to reach high profits through
fulfilling large consumer base. Jack Cohen is founder of all retailing firm. There are numerous
announced plan with the assistance of the firm have completed higher executions and is aiming
to develop faithfulness from consumer and the core activities which have chances to improve
shopping experiences and retaining target audiences. It is important for administration group to
analyse problems or confronts which are impacting operations, plans and executions in market.
Along with this, efficient observation and determination is completed including the rationale for
the suggestions that is provided under in terms of having efficient development within the
appropriate providing of goods and facilities. There are number of confronts and problems are
suffered through respective business enterprise and their proposed solutions are as below:
Big stores: In previous year, level of big stores of Tesco was highlighted during when the
enterprise starts renting out vehicle park spaces and areas. The business administrator was ready
to understand the problem which big outlets are becoming. “White Elephants” as shoppers are
turning regarding internet along with these convenience outlets in retail sector, However, higher
establishment believes that if the firm was just expediency together with internet store vendor,
then it would be shooting lights out (Gorgenyi-Hegyes and Fekete-Farkas, 2019). In compare to
this, the condition is not like that. As Tesco has 247 Extras and have been subletting floors to
other ventures in the industry. Also, it is addition bells along with whistles considering Giraffe
restaurants, soft play centres, and gyms along with coffee shops for the motive of griping wider
amount of shoppers. This constantly foremost remuneration programmes have required moving
up the sales.
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Improvements in services: Services indicates to elusive and physical segments that
enable in rivalry of works. There are several facilities that are fraction of Tesco. In previous
executions, top management administrated training sessions which remunerated and waged
workers with the goal of developing ability sets, potentials and skills which can guide to raising
sales of venture by having more notified and creative shop helper. However, the development in
provisions has demonstrated unfavourable outcomes that were key problem in history of Tesco
(HASAN and Gafforova, 2019). The administrators have notion to bring a answer or tool of
managing needed facilities at outlets of Tesco. It is as grocery retailing is intrinsically wider self
facility than other commerces on which the administrators have exertion in previous years. At
the same time, it is observed that the administrators have spent more capital for establishing self
facility tills. With this, several shoppers were pleased but numerous were despise due to lecturers
by malfunctioning of technologies.
Improper supply chain management: Supply chain administration considers
management of stream of goods from dealers to business establishments. Effective supply chain
administration streamlines all supply side of company for increasing values of target people
together with accomplishing rivalry benefits within market. In case of Tesco, it permitted faith of
million populations to be corroded within it lost its reputation in sector to have low prices as well
as failures of guidance (Rahman, and et. al., 2020). The plan of actions submitted through
administrators of Tesco was weak as they were made under force and intellectual modifications.
It influenced on prospective and possible consumers that resulted in key fallouts between the
firm and its largest dealers. It becomes important for administrators to make and execute
efficient plan of action for dealing with the issue and obtaining all the intents.
Fierce competition: Within whole sector, competition is enhancing regularly. In rest of
retail sector, there are well developed players that develop problems for TESCO for attracting as
well as sustaining larger market shares and maintain their values. For administrative, this is
essential to determine competition cause so that this could be managed appropriately.
Additionally, through evaluating performance of business within competitive macro atmosphere,
senior authorities develop effective actions to respond towards them (Drnevich, Mahoney and
Schendel, 2020). In case managers fail for establishing effective tactics for overcoming from
competition then this becomes vital for sustaining into marketplace.
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Based upon the above analysis, this has been determined that evaluation of existent
business performance along with confirmed or unconfirmed tactics is vital for entity as this aids
them to analyse effectiveness of whole business strategy. In case the TESCO’s managers
consider appropriate actions thereafter they become competent to reduce pessimistic influences
of problems upon enterprises as well as their performance. Currently, TESCO’s manager utilises
differentiation strategy for providing some innovative and different from other which drives
towards attaining competitive positions within sector. This is crucial for managers to devise new
tactics in order to manage performance as well as deal with problems.
In addition to this form above explained challenges, this has been determined that firm is
facing failures to devise theory stages as well as their actual activities. Moreover, theory
presumes outcomes, however the activities allow entity for testing theory and evaluate that this is
a relevant or not. Along with this, there are several modifications which are analysed within firm
as compare to theory practices (Dzwigol, 2020). For dealing with all challenges, recovery plans
is devised for filling the gaps among practices as well as theory. Furthermore, the recovery plan
is considered as document or framework which is developed so that if any accident or any
unforeseen circumstances rise then business become competent for recovering that in simple and
faster manner. Additionally, recovery plan is utilised through functional areas by following any
kind of accidents which affects firm’s efforts to perform commonly. In context of TESCO, there
are several problems that are faced through firm which desire appropriate recovery plan for
managing things as earlier as possible. For instance, discussed below are few stages which may
be followed through TESCO’ manager to identify solution for effectively deal with faced
problems:
Stage 1: Ascertaining existent problems: It is initial step that describes that issues have been
determined through way of effective research so that whole aspects which are a road block into
working of firm are analysed in this stage as well s then resolve based upon their needs. In this,
TESCO’ team management could determine whole problems as well as examine its adverse
affects upon performance. The problems which are faced involve competition, development into
services, weaker supply chain management and many more. Also, at similar period, main
concentration of managers should be towards identifying present firm’s position within
marketplace as this aids them to determine the challenges.
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Phase 2: Analyzing challenges cause: In this, the determined problems are thereafter studies in
explained so that the root cause of this. It may be resolved if possible as well as in case not then
efficient understanding is utilized and various alternatives are developed as solutions which
might be utilized for rectifying the issues. Moreover, when managers of Tesco would become
competent to know the issues root cause and identifying the effective manners for managing
them in appropriate way.
Phase 3: Identifying alternate problems option: As various person advices are undertaken to
resolve issues so there is pile of resources. From this, a best group which includes expertise into
different areas determines an alternative which might be best for resolving problems. Within it,
TESCO's managers determines every problem as well as investigates alternate options for
minimizing implications.
Phase 4: Implementing suitable solutions: As plan which might be the effective option from
others is chosen is executed. Moreover, plan which is executed is efficient in respect of
standards, quality and others. In respect of TESCO's faced problems, manager implemented
single solution out of alternatives. Such as of fierce competition, appropriate solution is launch of
innovative commodities to resolve problems.
Phase 5: Monitoring success of failure: In this phase, the Tesco's manager observes the overall
plans as well as new performance for determining the failure or success of tactics. Moreover, in
case plan has outcome into optimistic changes into performance thereafter this would be the
success sign for retailer.
With plan, there are various chances to attain success into practices against theory. In this
context, this is observed that strategies of risk management are main to overcome from
challenges. In respect of TESCO, this is a firm which faced losses into their previous year sales.
In addition to this, there are requirements to formulate effectual tactics to execute ways for
maintaining operations flow. Along with this, this was monitored that TESCO declared its loss of
around 6.4 billion, this was the huge losses into UK corporate history. Additionally, their
property is not valuable like before. Also, there was an scandal of accounting into respective firm
as well as this was monitored that there is income records from suppliers. Apart from this, the
entity CEO intently bundled the monetary scandals news for clear out all decks (Hunger, 2020).
The consumers who are focused have moved to new supermarkets such as Aldi and other. it was
not effective situation as well as this damaged business image. Instead of this, there is
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requirement o formed effective reputation of brand so that sales as well as profitability of
respective firm may perform effectually. This has been observed that entity must perform
ethically so that business goals may be attained. Additionally, business ethics is required to
obviate several issues which undertaken into workplace. So, there are several risk management
tactics that is utilised in TESCO. The suggestion for firm to attain success from activities and
theory are described below:
 Mitigate: It is considered as strategy which minimises the risk occurrence as well as their
affect upon the firm’s performance (Ketchen and Craighead, 2020). moreover, this is an
approach that is utilised through management of TESCO when action is undertaken as well
as risk probability is utilised to resolve risk. Also, it is helpful to manage prototype
development as well as evaluating risk level.
 Contingent risk strategies: It is also undertaken s risks that are implied when risk have been
incurred. Moreover, TESCO’s managers have to develop plans to perform into pre-specified
situations for managing organisational functioning. In addition to this, there is requirement
to form and handle milestones for firm’s success. Along with this, respective strategy is
related with monetary reserves, relocation of staffing as well as minimising losses and repair
damages.
CONCLUSION
Based upon the above report, this has been concluded that manager utilise strategic
management tools for overcoming from issues that they face at the time of business operations.
Moreover, for analysing the affects of purchase, suppliers and other firm utilise and execute
porter five force models. In addition to this, it would assist in determining key problem of
company. Apart from this, through developing system recovery plan and utilisation of risk
management tactics manager become competent to develop stronger position that aids to survive
into competitive atmosphere.
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REFERENCES
Books & Journals
Arıcıoğlu, M.A. and Yiğitol, B., 2019. Paradigm Change in Strategic Management. In Handbook
of Research on Managerial Thinking in Global Business Economics (pp. 179-195). IGI
Global.
Nakrošis, V., Šiugždinienė, J. and Antanaitė, I., 2020. New development: Between politics and
strategic planning—the management of government priorities in Lithuania. Public Money
& Management, 40(4), pp.299-303.
Witcher, B.J., 2019. Absolute Essentials of Strategic Management. Routledge.
Hutorov, A.O. and et. al., 2018. Strategic management of the agrarian sector of economy based
on the analysis of value chains.
Farias, G. and et. al., 2020. Sustainability Mindsets for Strategic Management: Lifting the Yoke
of the Neo-Classical Economic Perspective. Sustainability, 12(17), p.6977.
Gorgenyi-Hegyes, E. and Fekete-Farkas, M., 2019. Internal csr as a strategic management tool in
reduction of labour shortages. Polish Journal of Management Studies, 19.
HASAN, A. and Gafforova, E.B., 2019. Strategic entrepreneurship: A management method for
improving the performance of small and medium-sized tourism enterprises
(SMTEs). Управленец, 10(3), pp.25-35.
Rahman, M.M. and et. al., 2020. COVID-19 pandemic, dengue epidemic, and climate change
vulnerability in Bangladesh: Scenario assessment for strategic management and policy
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Drumaux, A., 2018. Strategic management for public governance in Europe. Palgrave
Macmillan.
Drnevich, P.L., Mahoney, J.T. and Schendel, D., 2020. Has strategic management research lost
its way. Strategic Management Review, 1(1), pp.1119-1127.
Dzwigol, H., 2020. Methodological and Empirical Platform of Triangulation in Strategic
Management. Academy of Strategic Management Journal, 19(4), pp.1-8.
Hunger, J.D., 2020. Essentials of strategic management.
Ketchen Jr, D.J. and Craighead, C.W., 2020. Research at the intersection of entrepreneurship,
supply chain management, and strategic management: Opportunities highlighted by
COVID-19. Journal of Management, 46(8), pp.1330-1341.
Online
Wood. Z. 2020. Problems for Tesco's new boss to deal with. [Online]. Available through:
<https://www.theguardian.com/business/2014/jul/21/five-probems-tesco-dave-lewis>
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