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Strategic Management in Non Profit Organizations Assignment

   

Added on  2020-04-21

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1Running head: PROFESSIONAL PROJECTProfesional Project Name of student:Name of university:Author note:

2PROFFESIONAL PROJECT Strategic management management in nonprofit organisations: A systematic literaturereview IntroductionOrganisations across the world have witnessed a major change in the past one decadedue to a number of factors such as globalisation, service-based economics, decentralization ofresponsibilities and changing values. This drastic change has been more prominent for non-profit organisations that struggle to make a mark on the global platform (Zhu et al., 2016).Against this context, it has been found that non-profit organizations are considering a diverserange of strategic management approaches for ensuring fulfilment of their organisationalobjectives (Hill et al., 2014). The present systematic literature review aims to synthesisefindings of literary sources that have analysed strategic management for non-profitorganisations. The review helps to gain insights into how non-profit organisations plan andimplement strategies that are beneficial for their growth and optimal functioning. MethodThe present systematic literature review has been carried out using a rigorousscientific design that is based on pre-stated method. The valuable resources have beenextracted from the respective databases and sorted in a logical and systematic manner tohighlight the key findings of the study. The electronic databases that have been used for thereview are ProQuest, PsycINFO, Emerald Journals, Scopus and Web of Science. The searchterms that have been used for conducting the research are ‘strategic management’, ‘strategic’‘management’, ‘nonprofit organisation’, ‘organisation’. The Boolean Operations have beenused for the review are AND and OR. The meticulous search has been followed by a properselection of articles. Relevant research articles from the last ten years, which is publicationafter the year 2007, were considered for the research. Only those articles that had full-text

3PROFFESIONAL PROJECT version were selected. The title of the retrieved articles was analysed before studying theabstract of the papers. 21 articles were selected for further screening. The next step was theanalysis of the complete articles for understanding the applicability these studies had. Finally,6 articles were selected for the present review. These were published in English language andaddressed the research question adequately. Main findingsKong (2008) studied the advancement of strategic management in the non-profitcontext. The study focused on understanding the concepts of SWOT analysis, knowledge-based view, industrial organization, intellectual capital (IC) and resource-based view and corecompetency as applied to strategic management context in non-profit organisations. Theresearcher argues that the IC concept has more effectiveness when compared to the otherconcepts in non-profit sectors. As argued by the authors, IC can be defined as the possessionof applied experience, knowledge, professional skills, organisational technology andcustomer relationships that are beneficial for gaining a competitive edge over otherorganisations. Organisations are to invest in information and knowledge enhancement fortheir betterment. In this regard it is to be stated that IC has three main non-financialcomponents that have relationship between each other; human capital, structural capital andrelational capital. The researcher assert that IC is a prime differentiating factor providing acompetitive market position to the respective organization. A knowledge-based economy canbe established in contrast to an industrial-based economy.Further, it is stated that Intellectual capital is in a position to allow non-profitorganisations to fulfil their social objectives. In addition, the resources can also be usedeffectively through this method. The cherished qualities of the organisations can also besustained if IC is considered as an element of the strategic management conceptual

4PROFFESIONAL PROJECT framework for the assignment. IC helps organisations to maintain their independence andpursue their social missions. The approach compares the non-profit leaders to considerrethinking their social values and mission. Resource diffusion and goal displacement are theultimate outcomes of implementing this approach across the organisation. Kriemadis and Theakou (2007) highlighted that strategic planning is extensivelyupheld by organisations as an elementary part of their organisational functioning. Theresearchers assessed the concept of strategic management as developed by nonprofitorganisations to provide an review of the literature present on the chosen topic. Strategicmanagement is a method for positioning an organisation through the use of resources as perthe identified goals. For providing increases value for money as well as improving theoutputs on a genuine basis, non profit organisations are turning to strategic managementmodels and systems. The five strategic management models that the researchers havehighlighted in their paper are Basic Strategic Planning, Issue-Based Planning, AlignmentModel, Scenario Planning, and Organic Planning. One or more of these models can beconsidered by a nonprofit organsiaiton on the basis of the goals it has to fulfil along with theavailable evidence. The paper also recommends that strategic management measures are notstatic products and that organisations must consider advancing it and bringing evolution intoit. Following the constant changes in the business environment and acting upon them servesas the best approach for bringing changes in the strategic management process. Nonprofitorganisations must consider developing a model of strategic planning that is unique to itsmission and objectives. The strategic use of information technology in nonprofit organisations have beenunder focus for the last few years. Considerable research has been carried out to identify thebenefits that such organisations gain by such strategic approach. Hackler and Saxton (2007)put forward a paper on this topic to highlight the increasing capacity and potential of

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